Soka University Repository / 創価大学機関リポジトリ
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Exploring the Possibilities and Limitations of Scientific and Mathematical Inquiry in Elementary School - Focusing on the Utilization of Previously Learned Content and the Development of Unfamiliar Content at the End of Sixth Grade -
Get PDFThe recent introduction of “science and mathematics” courses at the high school level, alongside an emphasis on “data application” in elementary and junior high schools, has led to an increased demand for inquiry-based tasks that engage with real-world phenomena. At the elementary level, it is critical to fully utilize the breadth of knowledge, skills, and cognitive abilities acquired through the existing mathematics curriculum. Moreover, investigating approaches to foster the development of unfamiliar mathematical content is essential for the advancement of future educational frameworks. This study specifically examines sixth-grade mathematics instruction, focusing on the potential of scientific and mathematical inquiry through the exploration of effective pedagogical strategies. Observational data and assessments of sixth-grade students engaging in inquiry-based activities suggest that, while students are proficient in applying previously acquired content, the integration of new mathematical concepts remains challenging. To comprehensively explore the potential and constraints of an elementary school curriculum in science and mathematics, it is imperative to conduct further research on instructional methods related to the creation of artifacts.
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Prospects for Education Study on Formative Expression in Early Childhood —the value of play using recycled materials in toddler classes—
Get PDFA case study will be conducted with the aim of clarifying the value of play using recycled materials in toddler classes. The attitude of professional childcare- teacher professionals involved in children’s expression is confirmed. As a result, it was suggested that teachers accept children’s desire to make things more wonderful and find value in a series of expressions. The expertise of the teacher is not only related to the efforts of the training school or the individual, but it is also important to have a perspective on “curriculum management” related to the educational goals and policies of the kindergarten in efforts to improve quality. Future development of this research is as follows: based on the findings gained from this survey, we would like to develop methods for discussing childcare-teacher providers to disclose their views on childcare and education, as well as initiatives for training in kindergartens and childcare centers.
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Identifying Learning Outcomes from Student Reflections: A Case Report for Using Generative AI
Get PDFThis study was conducted to examine the usefulness of a method that uses generative AI to efficiently conduct qualitative data analysis, and to assess the effect of a reflection-based instruction from the perspective of first-year education. The study employed three generative AIs（ ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini） to analyze the same text data using the following prompts: “Extract frequently appearing keywords and phrases, identify important concepts that express the significance of this class among the extracted keywords and phrases, and set specific categories around these important concepts.” When the generative AIs were asked to analyze students’ reflections, they extracted and categorized self-evaluations of not only comprehension and retention of course content, but also improvement of learners’ learning skills and attitudes, and enhancement of their collaboration skills. These results are consistent with the objectives of first-year education, suggesting that regular courses can function as first-year education classes. The reflection-based instruction originally took shape in the course development from the perspective of cooperative education. The PDCA cycle of learning throughout the semester is implemented using the beginning, mid-term review, and end of semester reflection sheets, and by sharing each other’s learning with their classmates, a sense of being active participants in learning is fostered. Characteristics were observed in the level of abstraction of categories depending on the AI engine. At the time used in this study, Gemini1.5 was the most straightforward, with a classification organization that used frequently occurring words as they were. On the other hand, the GPT4 and Claude3 categories had no words that evoked class content, indicating an increased level of abstraction. Therefore, it is recommended to use different AI engines depending on the purpose of the analysis, or to have multiple engines perform the same task and use the one best suited for the purpose.departmental bulletin pape
大学生の第二外国語についての学習意識調査報告 A Report of a Survey about Students’ Awareness in Second Foreign Language Acquisition
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近世日本における清国漂流船をめぐる異文化接触 －仙台藩漂着の広東船を中心として―
Get PDF本論文は寛政八年（1796）六月七日に仙台藩本吉郡大室浜に漂着した広東船の漂流事件を中心として、広東漂流民と儒学者の間における接触を中心にして、異文化接触の視点より文化拒否と受容を考察した。具体的に述べると、第一部分では、事件に関わる見聞録の『夢ノ代』（1973）、『異国漂流奇譚集』（1792）を基に広東船の漂流経緯を詳しく整理した。第二部分では、事件に関わる『広東船問答日記』（1796）という筆談資料を基に、清国の社会制度、風俗習慣に関連する内容を幾つか選んで現代日本語に直した上で、異文化接触の視点より分析し考察した。第三部分では、『陳林詩集』1を基に、陳世徳、林光裕の異文化接触の状況を分析し考察した。第四部分では、『萍水奇賞』2を分析し考察し、陳世徳、林光裕は詩を詠む際に、漢詩を基にして中華文化を日本側に伝えたことを解明した。departmental bulletin pape
エチオピア高地におけるテフ生産のためのバイオ炭と灌漑システムの管理
Get PDF創価大学博士（工学）Water and nutrient availability are the most important factors which affect crop production. However inconsistent rainfall and high prices of fertilizers have been pushing down crop productivity. The use of biochar is one of the alternatives to minimize those effects. However, few studies have been conducted under field conditions, especially using BC applied on clayey soil for crop production in a highland of Ethiopian. Teff (Eragrostis tef) is one of the essential cereal crops grown mainly in rainy season and barely grown in dry season, but has the lowest yield compared to other cereal crops such as wheat and barley in Ethiopia. Nitisols in tropical Ethiopia have a characteristic of low fertility and high acidity which contribute to low crop productivity, which require application of organic amendment to bring chemical and physical soil properties at levels to achieve a good crop productivity. This study was divided into two parts. First part during the rainy season, evaluate the effects of BC application on soil water and nutrient dynamics and production of teff. Second part, during dry season, evaluate the effects of different application rates of acacia biochar (ACB) under two different irrigation schemes on soil nitrogen and water dynamics and teff production. The first experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 levels of BC application rate (0, 5 and 20 t ha–1; 0ACB, 5ACB, and 20ACB) with five replications. Soil pH was increased with BC application throughout cultivation period. There were no apparent effects of BC application on soil NH4+-N and NO3–-N during cultivation period. Soil water contents at field capacity and permanent wilting point were increased and decreased, respectively, leading to increase in plant available water with BC compared to without BC. BC applied on clayey soils could change soil structure and contribute to adequate drainage water during the rainy period and retention of water during the dry period, which collaborate with proper aeration in soil for health plant growth. Our results showed significantly increased plant height, dry biomass, and grain yields of teff for soil treated with biochar. Soil treatment with 5ACB and 20ACB increased plant height by 17.0% and 40.5%, respectively, dry biomass by 172% and 256%, respectively, and grain yields by 146% and 173%, respectively. Our results showed that BC application improved and regulated water availability for clayey soil during the period of the growing season, which resulted in improved biomass and grain production of teff for the first experiment. Amendment of the soil with acacia biochar can be recommended to increase crop production for clayey soil in highland of Ethiopia in sustainable ways. For the second experiment, Biochar application rates were 0, 5, and 20 t ha-1 (0ACB, 5ACB, and 20ACB, respectively) and irrigation schemes were 75% and 100% of water requirement (I1 and I2) by teff according to farmers’ practice. Soil pH with 20ACB at 10 cm soil depth was significantly increased in the beginning of growing season. ACB application and irrigation schemes did not significantly affect soil NH4+-N and NO3--N at both 10 and 30 cm depths throughout growing season. Soil water content limited by dry growing season in this experiment may be critical and underrated for effective amelioration of soil acidity and plant nutrient improvement by biochar application. Under both irrigation schemes, 20ACB presented higher teff dry biomass and plant height than 0ABC and 5ABC, however only under I2 irrigation scheme it was significant. This study showed that the combination of different irrigation schemes combined with biochar application had somewhat positive impacts on teff biomass production. This combination should contribute and stimulate crop production and efficiency of water usage.doctoral thesi
