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Efectos a largo plazo del abuso infantil en la salud mental y el comportamiento delictivo en la edad adulta: Una revisión sistemática = Long-term effects of childhood abuse on mental health and delinquent behavior in adulthood: A systematic review
No full textThis research examines the long-term effects of childhood abuse on adult mental health and delinquent behavior. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. From 500 studies initially identified, 100 duplicates were removed. Titles and abstracts were screened, excluding studies that did not meet inclusion criteria, such as non-systematic reviews or those lacking relevant data. Fifty studies underwent full-text review, and 25 met the final inclusion criteria. Results: A significant association was found between childhood abuse and adult mental health disorders, including anxiety, depression, and personality disorders. Moreover, childhood abuse was strongly linked to adult involvement in both violent and non-violent crimes. Conclusion: The evidence highlights the long-term impact of childhood abuse on mental health and delinquent behavior, emphasizing the need for focused research within specific national contextsIntroducción: esta investigación analiza los efectos a largo plazo del abuso infantil en la salud mental y el comportamiento delictivo en la adultez. Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. De 500 estudios identificados inicialmente, se eliminaron 100 duplicados. Se revisaron títulos y resúmenes, excluyendo aquellos que no cumplían con los criterios de inclusión, como revisiones no sistemáticas o estudios sin datos relevantes. Cincuenta estudios fueron revisados a texto completo, de los cuales 25 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión finales. Resultados: se encontró una asociación significativa entre el abuso infantil y los trastornos mentales en la adultez, incluyendo ansiedad, depresión y trastornos de la personalidad. Además, el abuso infantil se relacionó de manera significativa con la participación en delitos violentos y no violentos en la adultez. Conclusiones: la evidencia resalta el impacto a largo plazo del abuso infantil en la salud mental y el comportamiento delictivo, subrayando la necesidad de investigaciones enfocadas en contextos nacionales específico
El control de casación de la quaestio facti en las sentencias absolutorias. Reflexiones críticas en torno al análisis de admisibilidad del recurso del Ministerio Público Fiscal en el Código Procesal Penal de la Nación de Argentina desde una perspectiva racional de la prueba
No full textEste trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el control de casación de la quaestio facti
en las sentencias absolutorias, cuando el Ministerio Público Fiscal interpone un recurso. Se
iniciará con una breve introducción al régimen asimétrico bilateral recursivo del Código
Procesal Penal de la Nación de Argentina, que otorga diferentes derechos y alcances a la
parte condenada y al acusador público para cuestionar una sentencia definitiva. A
continuación, se explorarán los fundamentos de este sistema y su impacto en la búsqueda de
la verdad en el proceso. Desde la perspectiva de un derecho penal mínimo y garantista, se
abordará el control restrictivo de la quaestio facti en las absoluciones, en base a la concepción
tradicional del recurso de casación. Además, se discutirán los criterios poco claros de
procedencia establecidos por la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación, basados en la
doctrina de la arbitrariedad. También se presentará una postura alternativa que cuestiona la
prohibición de revisar la valoración de la prueba como requisito formal para la admisibilidad
del recurso. Finalmente, el trabajo concluirá con reflexiones críticas sobre el control de las
decisiones absolutorias, a partir de una visión jurídica epistémica y racionalThis paper aims to analyze the cassation control of the quaestio facti in acquittal
rulings when the Public Prosecutor’s Office files an appeal. It will begin with a brief
introduction to the asymmetric bilateral appeal system of the Argentine Criminal Procedure
Code, which grants different rights and scopes to the convicted party and the public accuser
to challenge a final ruling. The foundations of this system and its impact on the pursuit of
truth in the trial process will then be explored. From the perspective of minimal and
protective criminal law, the restrictive control of the quaestio facti in acquittals will be
addressed based on the traditional conception of cassation appeals. Additionally, the unclear
criteria for admissibility set by the Supreme Court, based on the doctrine of arbitrariness, will be discussed. An alternative position will also be presented, questioning the prohibition on
reviewing the evaluation of evidence as a formal requirement for the appeal’s admissibility.
Finally, the paper will conclude with critical reflections on the control of acquittal decisions,
from an epistemic and rational legal perspective1
Actituds i pràctiques del personal sanitari envers les persones Testimonis de Jehovà. Revisió Bibliogràfica
No full textBackgound: In recent years, the health system has adopted the
comprehensive and person-centred care model in order to improve results and quality
of care and move away from paternalism. The spirituality and beliefs of Jehovah’s
Witnesses have a direct impact on their health by rejecting blood treatments and it’s a
challenge for health personnel. Therefore, the application of this care model to clinical
practice, together with other ethical principles, are key because they promote not only
physical healing but also the emotional and psychological well-being of the person.
Objectives: Analyse the attitudes and practices of health personnel towards
Jehovah’s Witnesses in therapeutic situations that involve the rejection of blood
transfusions, identifying the factors that influence these attitudes to promote respectful
and ethical health care. Methodology: A bibliographic review has been carried out
during the months of February and April 2025 of the articles published in the scientific
databases such as PubMed, Science Direct and Omnia. Results: 11 articles have
been selected that study the attitudes and practices of health personnel towards
Jehovah’s Witnesses and describe the methods and strategies they use to establish
effective and respectful communication. Conclusions: This bibliographic review
shows that better health training and knowledge about bloodless medicine favor more
respectful care with the autonomy of Jehovah’s Witnesses, although there are still
ethical conflicts when life is at risk. In addition, effective communication through
specific programs facilitates shared decision making, increases trust and minimizes
conflicts between patients and professionals. The studies highlight that training in this
field is important in order to provide person-centered care. On the other hand, more
studies are required to be able to identify how personal factors such as age and
gender, and cultural factors, influence the attitudes and decisions of health personnel
in cases in which they must treat a Jehovah’s Witness who rejects blood
Disseny de bases de dades relacionals: exercicis resolts
No full textAquest llibre ofereix un recull d’exercicis resolts de disseny de bases de dades amb l’objectiu d’ajudar als estudiants d’aquesta matèria. Està pensat pels estudiants de l’assignatura de Bases de Dades impartida en diferents estudis de l’Escola Politècnica Superior de la Universitat de Giron
La Cultura musical a l'era postdigital
No full textAquest dossier periodístic, que és el Treball de Fi de Grau de l'autora, neix de la voluntat d’analitzar i comprendre les transformacions recents més significatives en la indústria musical, un sector en constant mutació, impulsat per les noves tecnologies, les xarxes socials i l’aparició de nous models de promoció i consum cultural.
Plataformes com Spotify i, especialment, TikTok han revolucionat la manera com descobrim i compartim música, redefinint els mecanismes tradicionals de llançament musical. Aquest canvi ha alterat profundament l’estratègia de les discogràfiques i ha donat lloc a una nova generació d’artistes que connecten directament amb el públic a través de formats digitals. El dossier analitza aquest fenomen amb un reportatge dedicat a l’impacte d’aquestes plataformes i una entrevista amb una discogràfica per entendre com s’adapta el sector.
En aquest nou panorama, destaquen amb força les artistes femenines, que no només lideren les llistes d’èxits, sinó que també reformulen el pop des d’una perspectiva més íntima, empoderadora i experimental. Figures com Billie Eilish o Taylor Swift, protagonistes d’alguns dels continguts del dossier, són exemples clars d’aquesta transformació. També s’hi inclou una crònica d’un concert de Gracie Abrams i entrevistes amb veus emergents com Taylor Bickett, Melina KB, Amber Ais i Nicole Han.
El dossier també posa el focus en els concerts i les grans gires com a fenòmens culturals i econòmics, analitzant des de l’impacte de l’Eras Tour de Taylor Swift fins a la problemàtica dels preus abusius de les entrades.
A través d’un enfocament periodístic divers (reportatges, entrevistes, cròniques i infografies), aquest treball busca oferir una visió àmplia, crítica i actual del present i futur de la indústria musical, destacant les tendències que marcaran la pròxima dècada i la importància creixent del relat, l’estètica i la identitat en l’univers musical contemporani
Polymerization kinetics of a recyclable thermoplastic as a matrix for structural composites
No full textIn this contribution we have performed the kinetic analysis of the curing process and of its thermal decomposition. Due to the presence of a peroxide initiator, polymerization is a complex process involving an induction period for a fast cross-linking reaction. From the kinetic analysis, we have been able to characterize the induction time and the degradation kinetics. Finally, from the analysis of the volatiles we have determine that the main volatile generated during decomposition is the monome
La literatura com a eina per a l’historiador. I l’exemple de Benito Pérez Galdós
No full textEn aquest treball de final de grau, presento, primerament, la llarga i complexa relació que ha existit entre dues disciplines aparentment oposades com ho són la història, l’estudi d’allò que va passar, la ciència de la veritat i la certesa; i la literatura, la il·lusió del que podria haver passat, la disciplina de la ficció i la mentida. Presento, doncs, els primers acostaments de la ciència històrica envers la literatura, tractant la literatura com una representació realista del passat; el trencament que des del món historiogràfic es produeix envers aquesta relació, doncs durant la dècada de 1950, convençuts que la literatura no és res més que una ficció, els historiadors decideixen allunyar-se d’aqueste possible font; i presento, també, com, mica en mica, gràcies al cultural turn, una nova visió del passat construeix una nova visió de la literatura, i com els historiadors busquen construir nous ponts entre les dues disciplines.
Finalment, també exposo com aquesta nova historiografia filla del cultural turn, dins l’àmbit espanyol, traça dos corrents metodològics per tal d’acostar-se a la literatura i estudiar-la com una font historiogràfica. De la mateixa manera, ambdós corrents metodològics seran posats a prova a través de la literatura de Benito Pérez Galdós. Així, Doña Perfecta (1876) serà llegida i analitzada d’acord els principis del corrent metodològic objectivista; i La de los tristes destinos (1907) serà llegida i analitzada d’acord els principis del corrent subjectivista.
La tributacion de la moda rápida (fast fashion) como mecanismo para promover la sostenibilidad téxtil = Taxation of fast fashion as a mechanism to promote textile sustainability
No full textThis paper analyses the impact of fast fashion in the context of environmental sustainability, with particular emphasis on the fiscal measures implemented to mitigate its negative effects. It examines the policies of the European Union and various countries aimed at addressing the imbalances caused by the production and commercialization of low‐cost clothing, characterized by its short life cycle and high environmental impact. Key regulatory strategies include the introduction of specific environmental taxes, the extended producer responsibility (EPR) framework, and economic penalties designed to curb overproduction and promote more sustainable business models. Furthermore, this study explores initiatives in countries such as France and the United Kingdom, which have proposed per‐garment taxation, as well as the potential removal of the customs duty exemption for low‐value imports within the EU. It assesses the potential impact of these measures on the textile industry and e‐commerce, as well as their compatibility with other regulatory strategies, such as environmental labelling, tax incentives for repair services, and the promotion of the circular economyEn este trabajo se analiza el impacto de la moda rápida en el contexto de la sostenibilidad ambiental, con especial atención a las medidas fiscales implementadas para mitigar sus efectos negativos. Se examinan las políticas de la UE y de distintos países que buscan corregir los desequilibrios generados por la producción y comercialización de ropa de bajo coste, caracterizada por su corta vida útil y su alto impacto ambiental. Entre las estrategias regulatorias destacan la aplicación de impuestos ambientales específicos, la responsabilidad ampliada del productor y penalizaciones económicas dirigidas a frenar la sobreproducción y fomentar modelos de negocio más sostenibles. Asimismo, se estudian las iniciativas de países como Francia y Reino Unido, que han propuesto impuestos por prenda de ropa, y la posible eliminación de la exención de derechos de aduana para importaciones de bajo valor en la UE. Se evalúa cómo estas medidas pueden influir en la industria textil y en el comercio electrónico, además de su compatibilidad con otras estrategias regulatorias, como el etiquetado ambiental o los incentivos fiscales para la reparación y la promoción de la economía circula
Systematic Investigation of the Role of the Epoxides as Substrates for CO2 Capture in the Cycloaddition Reaction Catalyzed by Ascorbic Acid
No full textThis work establishes a comprehensive theoretical framework for synthesizing cyclic organic carbonates through the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide (CO2) to epoxides under mild pressure and temperature conditions. Using advanced computational techniques, the study examines the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the reaction, with a particular focus on epoxide substrates featuring diverse substituents. Detailed analysis reveals activation energy barriers and identifies the rate-determining step, offering crucial insights into the molecular processes governing the reaction. The investigation highlights the significant role of steric and electronic effects in influencing substrate reactivity. Monosubstituted epoxides display stronger steric correlations, while bulkier and disubstituted substrates deviate due to the interplay of steric hindrance and electronic factors such as electrophilicity and chemical hardness. Additionally, localized steric effects and substituent electronegativity emerge as key contributors to transition state stability, with halogenated substrates showcasing nuanced reactivity profiles. Despite these advancements, machine learning models applied in this study demonstrate poor predictive performance, underscoring the challenge of capturing the complex interplay of substrate properties using current descriptors. This highlights the limitations of substrate-based approaches in predicting reaction outcomes. These findings emphasize that catalytic design plays a more decisive role than substrate modification in determining reaction efficiency. This work calls for a systematic exploration of ascorbic acid-based catalyst modifications to optimize energy barriers and improve overall reaction performance, paving the way for rational catalyst design and predictive catalysis in CO₂ valorizationWe thank the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIN/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE) for projects PID2021-127423NB-I00 (to A. P.), PID2022-140159NA-I00 (to J. V. A.-R.), PID2023-147424NB-I00 (to M. S.), and RED2022-134939-T (to M. S.), andthe Generalitat de Catalunya for project 2021SGR623, predoctoral FISDUR 2023 grant to T. O.-G. and ICREA Academia Prizes to A. P. (2019) and M. S. (2024). A. P. is a Serra Húnter Fellow. S. P.-P. acknowledges co-funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation Maria Skłodowska-Curie Actions, under grant agreement number 945380. D. D. and J. V. A.-R. acknowledge Gobierno de AragónFondo Social Europeo (Research Group E07_23R). We acknowledge Angie Sacoto for helpful initial testing calculations. V. D. E. thanks the National Research Council of Thailand, grant no. N42A650196, for research support. European Union's Recovery and Resilience Facility-Next Generation (MMT24-ISQCH-01) in the framework of the General Invitation of the Spanish Government's public business entity Red.es to participate in talent attraction and retention programmes within Investment 4 of Component 19 of the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan (MOMENTUM)
Membrane Recycling: Exploring Ozone as a Viable Alternative to Chlorine for Polymeric Membrane Transformation
No full textOzone, a strong oxidant, induces oxidative degradation in various materials and is known as an effective chemical for polymer modification. This study assesses ozone as an alternative to chlorine oxidation for converting end-of-life reverse osmosis membranes into nanofiltration- and ultrafiltration-like membranes across various new and used reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes. Membranes were characterized in terms of permeability and salt rejection, as well as surface characterization. Experiments were conducted at high ozone exposure (20 ppm) and low ozone exposure (3 ppm). At high exposure, ozone was found to degrade both the polyamide (PA) and polysulfone (PSf) layers, opening new possibilities for polyester (backing layer) recycling. At low exposure, degradation was limited to the PA layer; ozone converted membranes more effectively than chlorine, achieving similar performance in less time and at lower doses─75 and 225 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 for SW and BW membranes after 30 min at 3 ppm ozone, comparable to 6000 ppm chlorine over 50 h. Ozone significantly impacted NF90, raising the permeability to 150 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 in 15 min at 3 ppm, while NF270 remained more resistant at 35 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1. Ozone caused patchy degradation due to bubble interactions, while chlorine led to uniform attack. These findings highlight ozone's potential as a viable and more sustainable alternative to chlorine for polymeric membrane transformationThis work is part of the project OSMO4LIVES (PID2021-127629OA-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and EDRF/EU. We gratefully acknowledge financial support. B.Z. received the support of a FI-SDUR predoctoral aid program of the Department of Research and Universities of the Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR) [REF: 2023 FISDU 00267]. W.G. acknowledges funding obtained from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA program and the Consolidated Research Group program (SGR-Cat2021_TECH, REF: 2021 SGR 01283). G.B. received the support of a fellowship from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434) [REF: LCF/BQ/PR21/11840009] and acknowledges the Ramon y Cajal Research Fellowship RyC2022-035843-I funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. H.M. acknowledges the Agencia Estatal de Investigación of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU) for partially funding this research through the Ramon y Cajal Research Fellowship (RYC2019-026434-I). LEQUiA [2021-SGR-01352] has been recognized as a consolidated research group by the Catalan GovernmentOpen Access funding was provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with AC