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¿El liderazgo y los climas éticos amortiguan o promueven el burnout en el Sector Eléctrico Colombiano?
No full textENG- Burnout is a factor that not only affects organizational performance but also emotionally and physically drains the employee. In this sense, different investigations agree that the psychosocial stability provided by both leadership and ethical climates usually have a buffering effect on chronic stress syndrome. In addition, some authors consider that adequate work autonomy together with optimal emotional commitment are important variables that strengthen this attenuating effect. However, the impact that the leader's moral intensity or a particularly strict climate with rules can have on the employee's emotional state has gone completely unnoticed. This research seeks to highlight the dark side of both ethical leadership, and a climate associated with rigid normative principles; that is, there is a high probability that the leader's ethical management and a principled climate affect chronic stress and especially the employee's emotional exhaustion according to the scope of the leader's moral standards and the perceived intensity of the rules. On the other hand, work autonomy and emotional commitment could explain how, why or when the effect occurs. Finally, the number of days teleworked may be a lever that clarifies some of these relationshipsCAT- El Burnout és un factor que no només afecta l'acompliment organitzacional sinó que també buida emocionalment i físicament al treballador. En aquest sentit, diferents investigacions coincideixen que l'estabilitat psicosocial que proporcionen tant el lideratge com els climes ètics solen tenir un efecte amortidor sobre la síndrome d'estrès crònic. A més, alguns autors consideren que una adequada autonomia laboral juntament amb un compromís afectiu òptim són variables importants que enforteixen aquest efecte atenuant. Tot i això, l'impacte que pot tenir la intensitat moral del líder o un clima especialment estricte amb les regles, en l'estat emocional del treballador, ha passat totalment desapercebut. En aquesta investigació es vol posar en relleu el costat fosc tant del lideratge ètic com el d'un clima associat a principis normatius rígids; és a dir, hi ha una probabilitat alta que la gestió ètica del líder i un clima de principis incideixin en l'estrès crònic i especialment en l'esgotament emocional del treballador d'acord amb l'abast dels estàndards morals del líder i de la intensitat percebuda de les normes. D'altra banda, l'autonomia laboral i el compromís afectiu podrien explicar com, perquè o quan es produeix l'efecte. Finalment, la quantitat de dies teletreballats pot ser una palanca que aclareixi algunes d’aquestes relacionsPrograma de Doctorat en Psicologia, Salut i Qualitat de Vida
Atomic Neural Network for Calculation of Solvation Free Energies in Organic Solvents
No full textThis paper introduces AtomicESE, an artificial neural network for calculating solvation-free energies ΔG°solv of molecules in organic solvents. AtomicESE calculates ΔG°solv by summing atomic contributions, each evaluated by a dense neural network. This atomic network uses 13 physically relevant input features, comprising six local atomic features, two global charge-related molecular properties, and five solvent-specific properties. For neutral solutes, AtomicESE achieves an average RMSE below 0.6 kcal/mol, demonstrating strong performance across all solvent classes, with particularly high accuracy for aromatic, haloaromatic, alkane, and ketone solvents. AtomicESE also works reliably for ionic solutesResearch funding: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades. Grant Number: PID2023-147424NB-I00.
Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Wile
Capturing electronic substituent effect with effective atomic orbitals
No full textThe occupations of the effective atomic orbitals (eff-AOs) of the carbon atoms in the aromatic ring serve as the basis for deriving accurate descriptors of the inductive (F) and resonance (R) effects exerted by substituents in substituted benzene derivatives. The eff-AOs enable a clear separation of the σ-type electron density into contributions originating from the C–H/X bonds (where X represents a substituent) and those from the C–C bonding framework. Our analysis reveals that the inductive effect of a substituent is effectively captured by the shift in the occupation of the eff-AOs associated with the C–C bonding framework at the meta position. In contrast, the resonance effect is well-described by the shifts in the occupations of the 2pz-type eff-AOs at the ortho and para positions. The two introduced descriptors for inductive and resonant effects, namely IX and RX, are also applied to predict Hammett's σm and σp in meta- and para-substituted benzoic acid derivatives. In the case of the meta-substituted derivatives, the predictions of the σm values are excellent, with a mean average error of just 0.04. This approach provides a robust and systematic framework for quantifying substituent effects in aromatic systemsThis research was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU), grant number PID2022-140666NB-C22, and Generalitat de Catalunya project 2021-SGR1-00487.
Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with RS
Pd nanoparticles supported on modified magnetic kaolin as a novel hydrogenation catalyst
No full textHydrogenation process is considered a vital and important step in the production of Poly-alpha-olefin oils. The development of novel catalytic systems is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of hydroprocessing. In recent decades, catalytic systems with magnetic separation have received immense attention. In work, we designed and synthesized a novel magnetic catalyst for the efficient hydrogenation of Poly-alpha-olefin oil. To achieve this, kaolinite was first magnetized and then functionalized with N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and trichloro-1,3,5-triazine. To design an optimal support, a library of four amine compounds i.e., urea, thiourea, guanidine, and thiosemicarbazide was considered. Predictive computational results affirmed the superior interaction of thiosemicarbazide with palladium nanoparticles, making it an efficient ligand for stabilizing Pd nanoparticles. The prepared catalyst was fully characterized using ICP-AES, WAXS, TGA, FT-IR, VSM, SEM, and TEM analyses and applied for the hydro-finishing of Poly-alpha-olefin oil. In order to achieve optimal conditions, the effects of catalyst loading, hydrogen pressure and temperature as well as reaction time were surveyed. Gratifyingly, the resulting catalyst was a suitable candidate for the hydrogenation of Poly-alpha-olefin oil and exhibited superb performance under mild reaction conditions. The results indicated that 4 wt.% of the obtained catalyst could effectively promote the hydrogenation reaction at 130 °C for 7 h under hydrogen pressure of 7 bar, achieving a hydrogenation yield of 99 %. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrated acceptable recyclability, retaining its activity with minimal Pd leaching after seven consecutive runsThe authors appreciate support of Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute. N. Bahri-Laleh is thankful to Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) for the grant number of 4006310 and SKCM2 for the Startup Grant. A.P. is a Serra Húnter Fellow, and ICREA Academia Prize 2019, and thanks the Spanish MINECO for project PID2021-127423NB-I00 and the Generalitat de Catalunya for project 2021SGR623.
Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Elsevie
The dynamics of fiscal policy: Insights from China's macroeconomic indicators
No full textThis paper examines the impact of China’s fiscal policy on macroeconomic performance during the 2008–2009 global financial crisis, focusing on whether government spending affected output and inflation dynamics. Using monthly data from 2001 to 2010, we apply a vector autoregression (VAR) framework with Johansen cointegration and impulse response analysis to evaluate the short- and long-term relationships between fiscal expenditure, GDP, the Consumer Price Index (CPI), and the Producer Price Index (PPI). The findings indicate that fiscal policy had a limited effect on short-term GDP growth but significantly influenced inflation, with government spending acting as a stabilizing tool for both consumer and producer prices. These results highlight the role of fiscal instruments in price stabilization when monetary policy is constrained. The study offers relevant policy insights for emerging economies seeking to maintain macroeconomic stability during global shocks through inflation-sensitive fiscal strategiesOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Elsevie
Impact of ceramic membrane pore size and metal oxide modifications on pharmaceutical degradation in a Hybrid Ozonation–Membrane Filtration reactor
No full textThis study investigates the integration of catalytic ozonation with membrane filtration using ceramic membranes to enhance pharmaceutical’s removal. Ceramic membranes with four MWCOs and pore size (50 kDa, 150 kDa, 300 kDa, and 200 nm) were modified via a sol-gel vacuum infiltration method with CeO₂, CeTiOx, and a dual-layer CeO₂+CeTiOx coating to promote ozone activation and hydroxyl radical (●OH) generation. Continuous-flow Hybrid Ozonation–Membrane Filtration (HOMF) experiments demonstrated that dual-layer modifications significantly enhanced degradation rates of carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and pCBA, with lower MWCO membranes exhibiting higher adsorption and retention. Scavenger tests using tert butanol confirmed the critical role of ●OH, while SEM, AFM, XRD, and MIP characterization revealed substantial changes in surface morphology and pore structure. This study is the first to systematically examine the interactions between ultrafiltration and microfiltration ceramic membranes with varying MWCO and tailored surface modifications, providing novel insights for optimizing catalytic ozonation for pharmaceutical degradation in water treatmentOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Elsevier
Per què un sector de famílies rebutja les TIC a l’educació infantil i com ho afronta el professorat?
No full textAquesta investigació té com a objectiu analitzar els motius pels quals un sector de famílies rebutja les TIC a l’educació infantil i com ho afronta el professorat. S’ha realitzat un estudi amb un mètode descriptiu de caràcter quantitatiu i qualitatiu, les dades s’han obtingut a través d’un focus group a docents i un qüestionari a famílies d’I4 i d’I5. Els resultats mostren una preocupació envers les pantalles i una millor acceptació per tecnologies com la robòtica part de les famílies. La principal conclusió és que cal millorar la comunicació escola-família per tal d’establir protocols clars sobre l’ús educatiu de les TIC.This research aims to analyse the reasons why a sector of families rejects the use of ICT in early childhood education and how teachers address this situation. A study was confused using as descriptive method with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected through a focus group with teachers and a questionnaire for families of I4 and I5 students. The results show concern about screen exposure and greater acceptance of technologies such as robotics among families. The main conclusion is the need to improve school-family communication to establish clear protocols for the education use of ICT
Oral lenguage development and confidence in first-grade EFL learners: Effects of high exposure and native speaker instruction
No full textThis qualitative research study analyses the oral language development and confidence of first-grade of Primary EFL learners at Freta Calella School, addressing the impact of its high weekly exposure educational context and their native English-speaker instructor. Results reveal strong competence in oral comprehension and spoken interaction and production in these young learners, demonstrating high levels of confidence in the English oral activities. The English teacher’s experience as a language model, accompanied by supportive scaffolding techniques, significantly enhance students' oral proficiency. The findings underscore the effectiveness of this school’s linguistic project, given its consistency since the early stages of education.Aquest estudi qualitatiu analitza el desenvolupament del llenguatge oral i la confiança dels alumnes de primer de primària de l'Escola Freta Calella en l’aprenentatge d’anglès, examinant l'impacte del context educatiu amb alta exposició a la llengua i la influència d'una mestra nativa. Els resultats mostren una bona competència oral i alts nivells de confiança en les activitats proposades. L'experiència de la mestra en aquest context i el rol com a model lingüístic, acompanyat de tècniques de bastida ben reforçades, milloren significativament aquesta destresa oral. Les dades reforcen l'eficàcia del projecte lingüístic del centre, iniciat en la primera etapa escolar
Dibuixar amb els ulls: l'observació i l'expressió gràfica en l’enfocament Reggio Emilia a través del joc teatral
No full textAquest treball analitza com es desenvolupa la representació gràfica dels infants en un entorn educatiu inspirat en la pedagogia Reggio Emilia, a través del projecte teatral de la secció Germoglio. La recerca combina una metodologia qualitativa i quantitativa, mitjançant observació directa, anàlisi de produccions gràfiques, entrevistes a docents i una graella sistemàtica d’observació analitzada amb eines quantitatives. Els resultats mostren una evolució significativa en el detall, la precisió i la relació entre joc simbòlic i representació gràfica, així com el paper central del context, els materials i l’acompanyament docent.This study explores how children’s graphic representation develops in a Reggio Emilia-inspired educational environment, through the theatrical project in the Germoglio classroom. The research follows a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative tools, such as observation, interviews, and documentation, with a quantitative analysis based on observation grids. The results show significant progress in graphical detail, accuracy, and the connection between symbolic play and visual representation, emphasizing the influence of context, materials, and teacher guidance
Anàlisi del projecte Art Integrat en/de la Sagrada Família: investigació autoetnogràfica
No full textEn aquesta investigació s’analitza la implementació del projecte Art Integrat a la Sagrada Família, desenvolupat al Col·legi Maristes Igualada, mitjançant una perspectiva autoetnogràfica. L’objectiu principal és aprofundir en el coneixement de l’obra d’Antoni Gaudí a través de la interdisciplinarietat i l’educació patrimonial.
Els resultats mostren que el projecte ha estat una experiència enriquidora per als alumnes, destacant el potencial de l’ús del patrimoni com a eina d’aprenentatge interdisciplinari. No obstant això, es detecta la necessitat de millorar la coordinació entre les diferents àrees i la planificació conjunta per a futures edicions, així com revisar l’enfocament patrimonial utilitzat.This research analyses the implementation of the project Art Integrat a la Sagrada Família, developed at the Col·legi Maristes Igualada, using an autoethnographic perspective. The main objective is to deepen the knowledge of Antoni Gaudí's work through interdisciplinarity and heritage education.
The results show that the project has been an enriching experience for the students, highlighting the potential of the use of heritage as an interdisciplinary learning tool. Nonetheless, there is a need to improve coordination between the different areas and joint planning for future editions, as well as to review the heritage approach used