25949 research outputs found
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Promoting tourism in a remote area: Bringing visibility to Kigoma Eco-Cultural Tourism
No full textNowadays, digital communication plays a vital role in our daily life. In the
tourism field, promotion through the Internet is essential to reach a global
audience. For this communication to be effective, it is essential to have the
appropriate tools and strategies for its management.
This work is part of a sustainable tourism and women's empowerment
project in Tanzania, with the aim of improving the visibility and promotion
of a small tourist office in Kigoma, run by a local entrepreneur named
Elisabeth Kitungano Philipo. The lack of digital knowledge in the
management office is one of the main challenges for its online promotion.
Through the creation of promotional materials, a digital strategy for
Instagram, the optimization of its website and the training of its team in
digital tools, this research project has sought to help the office so it can
grow in a sustainable way, improving its communication and visibility in
the digital world, without losing sight of the local cultural context. The
results obtained have improved the attractiveness and effectiveness of the
tourist promotion of the office, and have helped to train the team to ensure
its long-term autonomy. This experience has allowed to pass along the
knowledge acquired during the degree, with the final aim of contributing to
the development of a project with social, economic and cultural impact for
the local community.
A validated simulation methodology for determining single lap shear allowable strength in thermoplastic polymer composites
No full textEl títol de la versió preprint o submitted és: "A methodology to obtain the single lap shear allowable strength of thermoplastic polymer composites by a validated modelling and simulation approach"While several modeling approaches exist to simulate the strength of single lap shear configurations, their application to obtaining design allowables for thermoplastic composites remains underexplored. This paper addresses this gap by presenting a novel methodology for the forward propagation of parameter uncertainty using advanced finite element models specifically tailored for thermoplastic carbon fiber composites. The proposed approach goes beyond traditional methods by integrating advanced damage models and a structured validation process, supported by an extensive experimental test campaign.
We demonstrate the feasibility of determining design allowables through simulation by examining the influence of batch size on both the validation process and the prediction of allowable strength. Our findings provide new insights into the propagation of uncertainties in the context of composite material design, showing that it is possible to achieve reliable design allowables through simulation, which can significantly accelerate the development of new components while maintaining high safety standardsThis work has been partially accomplished within the framework of EU Horizon 2020 Clean Sky 2 Project TREAL (Thermoplastic material allowable generation using a reliability-based virtual modeling platform). This work has received funding from the Clean Sky 2 Joint Undertaking (JU), Spain under grant agreement No. 864723. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and the Clean Sky 2 JU members other than the Union. The project consortium is formed by Amade-Universitat de Girona, Universidade do Porto, MSC e-Xstream, and the topic manager is Airbus Operations, France. This work has been partially funded by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación), Spain under contract PID2021-127879OB-C21. AT acknowledges the Generalitat de Catalunya for the ICREA Academia prize 2022, Spai
Assessing the potential impacts of floating Offshore Wind Farms on policy-relevant species: A case study in the Gulf of Roses, NW Mediterranean
No full textOur study investigates for the first time how floating Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) technologies could impact policy-relevant Mediterranean species, focusing on planned OWFs in the Cape Creus/Gulf of Roses (Spain, NW Mediterranean). Using the Generalized Impact Assessment framework, we identified pressure on diverse taxonomic groups. Our species selection prioritized species under European policy (Birds and Habitats Directives) and international/local conventions protecting flora and fauna, as they are vital biodiversity indicators. Our analysis identified 135 policy-relevant species susceptible to OWF-induced stressors, notably marine mammals, seabirds, elasmobranchs, and benthic macroinvertebrates at the highest risk. Among the different stressors, noise and vibration, along with habitat loss, pose the greatest potential impacts. While decarbonizing energy production is crucial for addressing climate change, preserving ocean biodiversity is equally vital. Our study pioneers the assessment of emerging OWFs potential impacts on Mediterranean species, offering valuable insights for decision-makers during OWF planningThis research was carried out in the frame of the BIOPAIS projectOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Elsevier1
A word of caution in the functional monitoring of patients after rectal cancer surgery: a multicentre observational study
No full textBackground: Patients with rectal cancer often experience adverse effects on urinary, sexual, and digestive functions. Despite recognised impacts and available treatments, they are not fully integrated into follow-up protocols, thereby hindering appropriate interventions. The aim of the study was to discern the activities conducted in our routine clinical practice outside of clinical trials. Methods: This multicentre, retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery between January 2016 and January 2020 at six tertiary Spanish hospitals. Results: A total of 787 patients were included. Two years post surgery, gastrointestinal evaluation was performed in 86% of patients. However, bowel movements per day were only recorded in 242 patients (46.4%), and the values of the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) questionnaire were recorded in 106 patients (20.3%); 146 patients received a diagnosis of fecal incontinence (28.2%), while 124 patients were diagnosed with low anterior resection syndrome (23.8%). Urogenital evaluation was recorded in 21.1% of patients. Thirty-seven patients (5.1%) were detected to have urinary dysfunction, while 40 patients (5.5%) were detected to have sexual dysfunction. A total of 320 patients (43.9%) had their quality of life evaluated 2 years after surgery, and only 0.8% completed the Quality of Life questionnaire. Medication was the most used treatment for sequelae (26.9%) followed by referral to other specialists (15.1%). Conclusions: There is a significant deficit in clinical follow-ups regarding the functional assessment of patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery. It is crucial to implement a postoperative functional follow-up protocol and to utilize technologies such as Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) to enhance the evaluation and treatment of these sequelae, thereby ensuring an improved quality of life for patientsOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Natur
La causalidad y normatividad en la prueba tributaria: reflexiones a partir de las reglas de exclusión probatoria
No full textThis article addresses the problem of the exclusionary rule when applied to the case of tax evidence. It emphasizes that, given that Tax Administrations develop procedures for obtaining evidence for those who enjoy special prerogatives that individuals do not have, it is necessary to distinguish between causation and the normativity of evidence. Based on the concepts of consti-tutive and institutional rules and on the distinction between action and description of the action, I conclude that the same evidentiary fact can be licit or illicit evidence depending on the institu-tional framework in which it is inserted and that it is necessary to distinguish causal connection from normative connection (the latter understood as something different from the connection of illegality that dogmatics and jurisprudence constructed)El presente artículo aborda el problema de la regla de exclusión probatoria cuando se aplica al caso de la prueba tributaria. Enfatiza en que, dado que las Administraciones Tributarias desarrollan procedimientos de obtención de prueba para los que gozan de prerrogativas especiales que no tienen los particulares, se impone distinguir entre la causalidad y la normatividad de la prueba. Basándome en los conceptos de reglas constitutivas e institucionales y en la distinción en-tre acción y descripción de la acción, concluyo en que un mismo hecho probatorio puede ser una prueba lícita o ilícita según el marco institucional en el que se inserta y que es necesario distinguir conexión causal de conexión normativa (entendida esta última como algo diferente a la conexión de antijuridicidad que construyó la dogmática y la jurisprudencia)1
Intention: knowledge, content, and metaphysics
No full textENG- In the articles that form the core of this thesis, the defense of a central idea regarding practical knowledge and the contents of intention justify the critical revision of certain widespread assumptions in the field of action theory. Although the idea that practical knowledge is non-observational is not new, this work does present original arguments which try to show that the scope of such knowledge extends beyond what is normally accepted. The additional thesis that the content of practical knowledge must be closely linked to the content of intention also serves, in an original way, to justify the conclusion that the content of our intentions, including so-called "pure" intentions, refers to particular acts, the details of which are unknown to the agent. The derivations of this thesis help clarify and evaluate ongoing controversies in contemporary philosophy concerning the metaphysics of intentional actionCAT- En els articles que constitueixen el nucli d’aquesta tesi es defensa una idea central sobre el coneixement pràctic i el contingut de les nostres intencions, la qual pretén justificar una revisió crítica de certs llocs comuns en el camp de la teoria de l’acció. Encara que la idea que el coneixement pràctic és no-observacional no és innovadora, presento en aquest treball arguments originals que tracten de demostrar que l’abast d’aquesta forma de coneixement és superior del que normalment s’accepta. La tesi addicional que el coneixement pràctic ha d’estar estretament vinculat al contingut de la intenció serveix, a més, per justificar de manera original la conclusió que el contingut de les nostres intencions, incloses les dites “pures” ha de fer referència a actes particulars, els detalls dels quals són desconeguts per l’agent. Les derivacions d’aquesta tesi permeten esclarir i avaluar controvèrsies vigents en la filosofia contemporània respecte de la metafísica de l’acció intencionalPrograma de Doctorat en Ciències Humanes, del Patrimoni i de la Cultur
Modelo territorial de comunidade e cuidado integral dos maus tratos a idosos = Territorial model of community and integral care for the abuse of elderly people = Modelo territorial de atención Comunitaria e Integral a los Malos Tratos a las personas mayores
No full textFrom professional practice, the need to delve into the mistreatment of older people arises, with the conviction that a community-based and comprehensive intervention is the optimal model to guarantee their rights and well-being. Based on this need, the Regional Table against Mistreatment is created, evolving into the Table for the Rights of Older People. This evolution involves a change in the model and a proposal based on promoting a community network and action to facilitate the detection of mistreatment situations; fostering societal awareness to address the social image of aging, based on prejudices that can justify mistreatment; and creating a barrier against poor treatment. With a focus on human rights to advance towards a fairer society, the aim is to create communities where people can live and age with dignityDa prática profissional surge a necessidade de aprofundar os abusos contra os idosos, com a convicção de que
uma intervenção comunitária e integral é o modelo ideal para garantir os seus direitos e um bom tratamento. A
partir desta necessidade foi criada a Mesa Regional contra os abusos, que evoluiu para a Mesa dos direitos dos
idosos. Esta evolução implica uma mudança de foco no modelo e uma proposta baseada em: promover uma ação
em rede e comunitária que facilite a deteção de situações de abuso; promover uma abordagem de sensibilização
da sociedade para influenciar a imagem social do envelhecimento, baseada em preconceitos que possam justificar
abusos; e uma barreira a um bom tratamento. Ao aumentar a consciencialização sobre os direitos humanos para
avançarmos em direcção a uma sociedade mais justa, cabe-nos a nós criar comunidades onde possamos viver e
envelhecer com dignidadeDesde la práctica profesional, surge la necesidad de profundizar en los malos tratos a las personas mayores, con
el convencimiento de que una intervención comunitaria e integral es el modelo óptimo para garantizar sus
derechos y el buen trato. A partir de esta necesidad se crea la Mesa Comarcal contra los malos tratos, que
evoluciona a la Mesa para los derechos de las personas mayores. Esta evolución implica un cambio de enfoque
en el modelo y una propuesta basada en: promover una red y acción comunitaria que facilite la detección de
situaciones de maltrato; fomentar una mirada de sensibilización a la sociedad para incidir en la imagen social del
envejecimiento, basada en prejuicios que pueden justificar el maltrato; y una barrera para el buen trato. En una
concienciación respecto a los derechos humanos para avanzar hacia una sociedad más justa, nos atañe crear
comunidades donde vivir y envejecer con dignida
Turning points in core-periphery displacement of systemic risk in the Eurozone: Constrained weighted compositional clustering
No full textInvestigating how systemic risk originates and spreads across the financial system poses an inherently compositional question, i.e. a question concerning the joint distribution of relative risk share across several interdependent contributors. To address this question, we propose a weighted compositional clustering approach aimed at tackling the trajectories and turning points of systemic risk in the Eurozone, from both a chronological and a geographical perspective. The cluster profiles emerging from our analysis indicate a progressive shift from Northern Europe towards the Euro-Mediterranean region in the coordinate center of systemic risk compositions. This shift matures as the outcome of complex interactions between core and peripheral EU countries that compositional methods have the merit of capturing and unifying in a self-contained multivariate frameworkThe research of G.C. was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and ERDF—a way of making Europe [grant number PID2021-123833OB-I00], the Spanish Ministry of Health [grant number CIBERCB06/02/1002], the Department of Research and Universities of Generalitat de Catalunya [grant numbers 2021SGR01197 and 2023-CLIMA-00037], and AGAUR and the Department of Climate Action, Food, and Rural Agenda of Generalitat de Catalunya [grant number 2023-CLIMA-00037
A population-based study of incidence trends of head and neck epithelial cancers in northeastern Spain, 1994–2018
No full textBackground: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide. Incidence rates of these tumors vary between countries and change over time depending on the prevalence of risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing habits or human papillomavirus infection. This makes it necessary to periodically study HNC incidence trends in each geographic area. Methods: To determine trends in the incidence of HNC, all cancer cases diagnosed in Girona and Tarragona (northeastern Spain) between 1994 and 2018, except mesenchymal and hematological neoplasms, were included. Crude and standardized incidence rates and the annual percentage change (APC) were calculated. Results: We identify 7,966 cases of HNC, 83.7% in men. A significant decrease in incidence, with an APC of – 1.83, was observed in all HNC as a whole and in cancers of the lip (APC = – 5.34), salivary glands (APC = – 2.22), nasopharynx (APC = – 2.01), hypopharynx (APC = – 3.15), and larynx (APC = – 1.97). In men, a significant decline in incidence was observed in overall HNC and in cancers of the lip, oral cavity, salivary glands, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx. In women, a significant increase was identified in overall HNC and in cancers of oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx. Conclusion: A decline in the overall incidence of HNC has been observed in this area of southern Europe, mainly based on a decrease in men of cancers of the lip, oral cavity, salivary glands, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, and larynxOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature
Bienestar subjetivo de niños, niñas y adolescentes que participan en programas ambulatorios del Servicio Nacional de Protección Especializada en la Niñez y Adolescencia de Chile
No full textENG- The objective of this research was to know the subjective well-being of children and adolescents from 10 to 18 years old, who receive professional support in outpatient programs of the National Service for Specialized Protection of Children and Adolescents of Chile. For this, two cross-sectional studies were carried out within the research (study A and B). Study A aimed to examine the subjective well-being of boys, girls and adolescents served in outpatient projects, with emphasis on gender differences and three types of programs differentiated by the level of severity of the violation of rights (Focused Prevention Program, Specialized Intervention Programs and Specialized Protection Programs in Child Abuse and Sexual Abuse). 439 children and adolescents from 10 to 18 years old were evaluated through the SLSS, PWI-SC, OLS and Positive and Negative Affect Scale questionnaires. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used for the analysis.
In study B, the effect of participation on the subjective well-being of children and adolescents whose rights were violated, and the mediating effect of eudaimonic well-being in this relationship, were analyzed. 471 children and adolescents who attend rights protection programs in Chile after school hours participated. An adapted version of the ISCWEB questionnaire was applied, from which information was extracted for the variables of participation in daily life, eudaimonic well-being (CW-PSWBS) and subjective well-being, both in the cognitive (SLSS, OLS) and affective (Russell, 2003). For the analysis, correlation analysis, mediation analysis were performed through Hayes' PROCESS macro, and Bootstrap analysis.
In relation to the results in study A, it was observed that girls present significantly lower subjective well-being in all well-being measures compared to boys. Also, significant differences were observed at the program level, expressed in that children and adolescents admitted to the “Focused Prevention Program” manifest significantly greater well-being compared to “Specialized Protection Programs for Child Abuse and Sexual Abuse” and “Protection Programs.” Specialized Intervention.” It is highlighted that “Specialized Intervention Programs” presented significantly low well-being values. For its part, study B found a significant mediating effect of eudaimonic well-being between participation, life satisfaction and positive affects. There was no mediating effect with negative affectCAT- L'objectiu general d'aquesta investigació va ser conèixer el benestar subjectiu de NNA de 10 a 18 anys, que reben suport professional en programes ambulatoris del Servei Nacional de Protecció Especialitzada a la Infància i Adolescència a Xile. Per això, es van realitzar dos estudis transversals en el marc d’aquesta recerca (estudi A i B). L'estudi A va tenir per propòsit examinar el benestar subjectiu de nens, nenes i adolescents atesos en projectes ambulatoris, posant èmfasi en les diferències de gènere i tres tipus de programes diferenciats pel nivell de gravetat de la vulneració de drets (Programa de Prevenció Focalitzada, Programes d'Intervenció Especialitzada i Programes de Protecció Especialitzada a Maltractament i Abús Sexual Infantil). Es van avaluar 439 nens, nenes i adolescents de 10 a 18 anys a través dels qüestionaris SLSS, PWI-SC, OLS i Escala d'Afectes Positius i Negatius. Per a l'anàlisi es va fer servir una anàlisi de variància multivariada (MANOVA).
A l'estudi B es va analitzar l'efecte de la participació en el benestar subjectiu de nens, nenes i adolescents vulnerats en els seus drets, i l'efecte mediador del benestar eudaimònic en aquesta relació. Hi van participar 471 nens, nenes i adolescents que assisteixen als programes de protecció de drets de Xile en horari extraescolar. Es va aplicar una versió adaptada del qüestionari ISCWEB, del qual es va extreure la informació per a les variables de participació a la vida quotidiana, benestar eudaimònic (CW-PSWBS) i benestar subjectiu, tant en la dimensió cognitiva (SLSS, OLS) com afectiva (Russell, 2003). Es van duu a terme anàlisis de correlació i de mediació a través de macro PROCESS de Hayes, i análisis bootstrap.
En relació amb els resultats a l'estudi A, es va observar que les nenes presenten significativament menor benestar subjectiu en totes les mesures de benestar en comparació
als nens. També, es van observar diferències significatives a nivell de programes, expressades
en què els infants i adolescents ingressats a “Programa de Prevenció Focalitzada” manifesten
significativament major benestar respecte a “Programes de Protecció Especialitzada en Maltractament i Abús Sexual Infantil” i “Programes de Intervenció Especialitzada”. Es destaca que Programa d'Intervenció Especialitzada va presentar valors significativament baixos de benestar. Per la seva banda, l’estudi B va trobar un efecte mediador significatiu del benestar eudaimònic entre la participació, la satisfacció amb la vida i afectes positius. No hi va haver cap efecte mediador amb l'afecte negatiuPrograma de Doctorat en Psicologia, Salut i Qualitat de Vid