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The Evolution of Film Archives in Türkiye and Online Film Archiving
No full textFiziksel ve kurumsal bir yapı olarak arşiv yalnızca bilgiyi değil, toplumsal hafızayı da tanzim ve tasnif eden bir iktidar alanı olarak karşımıza çıkar. Kendi iktidarını ise bünyesinde sahip olduğu 'katı' belgelere dayandırır. Ancak, geçtiğimiz 40 yılda hayatın her alanında yaşanan dijitalleşme, bilginin erişilebilirliği ve depolama teknolojileriyle birlikte ele alındığında arşiv düşüncesi ve pratikleri de radikal bir dönüşüm sürecine girdiği söylenilebilir. Film arşivleri ise, sinemanın teknolojiyle kurduğu göbek bağı ve dijitalleşmeyle gelen seyircinin de görüntüyle kurduğu ilişkinin değişmesi bağlamlarında düşünüldüğünde, arşiv pratiklerinde yaşanan dönüşümün en görünür olduğu alanlardan biridir. Öte yandan görüntü formatlarında ve seyir deneyiminde dijitalleşmeyle birlikte yaşanan bu dönüşüm, film arşivlerinin ilk oluştuğu dönemden itibaren var olduğunu söyleyebileceğimiz sinefili arketipinin de değişmesine yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki film arşivi meselesini merkezine alarak, arşive dair kavramsal, kökensel ve tarihsel bir soruşturma yapmayı ve günümüzde çeşitli internet uygulamalarının yaygınlaşmasıyla dönüşen çevrimiçi film ve video arşiv pratiklerinin, hareketli görüntü sanatına dair yapılabilecek alternatif tarih okumalarına, üretim, tüketim ve dağıtım olanaklarına sağlayabileceği yeni yöntemlere bir bakış sunmayı hedeflemektedir.As a physical and institutional structure, the archive has the power of organizing and classifying not only information but also collective memory. It bases its power on the 'solid' documents it possesses. However, in the past 40 years, with the digitalization of all aspects of life, the accessibility of information and the development of storage technologies, it can be said that archival thinking and practices have also undergone a radical transformation. Film archives are one of the areas where the transformation in archival practices is most visible when considered in the context of the umbilical cord that cinema has established with technology and the change in the audience's relationship with the image due to digitalization. On the other hand, this transformation in image formats and viewing experience with digitalization has also led to a change in the archetype of the cinephile, which we can say has existed since the first formation of film archives. Centering on the issue of the film archive in Turkey, this study aims to make a conceptual, originary and historical inquiry into the archive and to offer a glimpse into the alternative historical readings that online film and video archive practices, which have been transformed by the proliferation of various internet applications today, can provide alternative historical readings of moving image art and new methods of production, consumption and distribution possibilities
Archetypal Images in Constructing Character and the Example of Phaedra in the Wooster Group
No full textBu tez çalışması, antik tragedyaların doğduğu mitsel hikâyelerin çağdaş dünyada ve çağdaş dünyanın nesnel koşullarında sahnelenirken nasıl olup da hala güncelliğini koruyabildiği sorusunun yanıtını onların arketipsel niteliklerinde arar ve bu vesileyle, Carl Gustav Jung'un arketip çalışmalarını araştırır. Odağını Phaedra karakterine çevirmiş olan çalışma, mitin kaynağında okunabilen anima-animus, persona, gölge arketiplerinin yanında anne ve üvey anne arketiplerini de araştırır. Bir göçmen kadın karakteri merkeze alan bu tez çalışması, arketipsel eleştiriyi toplumsal tarih araştırmasıyla detaylandırır ve Homeros, Ovidius, Euripides, Seneca ve Racine metinlerinde Phaedra mitinin geçirdiği mitsel ve tarihsel dönüşümleri araştırır. Çalışma, karakter inşasında arketipsel imgelerin gün yüzüne çıkarılmasına bir örnek olarak, Phaedra mitinin Amerikalı bir performans grubu olan The Wooster Group'un To You, the Birdie! (Phèdre) sahnelemesinde mitsel ve tarihsel olarak inceler. Sonuç olarak, çağdaş tiyatroda mitiko-tarihsel mevcudiyetin, arketiplerin izdüşümüyle de inşa edilebileceğine dair bir öneri getirilir.This thesis seeks to answer the question of how the mythical stories that gave rise to ancient tragedies can remain relevant in their archetypal qualities when staged in the contemporary world and under the objective conditions of the contemporary world, by exploring the archetypal studies of Carl Gustav Jung. Focusing on the character of Phaedra, the study explores the archetypes of anima-animus, persona, and shadow, as well as the archetypes of mother and stepmother as read in the source of the myth. This thesis, which focuses on a woman immigrant character, elaborates the archetypal critique with socio-historical research and examines the mythical and historical transformations of the myth of Phaedra in the texts of Homer, Ovid, Euripides, Seneca, and Racine. As an example of the unearthing of archetypal images in character construction, the study examines the myth of Phaedra as mythical and historical in the staging of To You, the Birdie! (Phèdre) by an American performance group, The Wooster Group. As a result, it is suggested that the mytho-historical presence in contemporary theater can also be constructed through the projection of archetypes
Exploring Emotions Through Co-Speech Gestures: the Caveats and New Directions
No full textOzer, Demet/0000-0003-3230-2874; Aslan, Zeynep/0009-0006-1940-5093; Goksun, Tilbe/0000-0002-0190-7988Co-speech hand gestures offer a rich avenue for research into studying emotion communication because they serve as both prominent expressive bodily cues and an integral part of language. Despite such a strategic relevance, gesture-speech integration and interaction have received less research focus on its emotional function compared to its cognitive function. This review aims to shed light on the current state of the field regarding the interplay between co-speech hand gestures and emotions, focusing specifically on the role of gestures in expressing and understanding both others' and one's own emotions. The article concludes by addressing current limitations in the field and proposing future directions for researchers investigating gesture-emotion interaction. Our goal is to provide a roadmap to researchers in their exploration of the role of gestures in emotions, ultimately contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of how gestures and emotions intersect.James S. McDonnell Foundation Human Cognition Scholar Award.The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the James S. McDonnell Foundation Human Cognition Scholar Award.Social Science Citation Inde
lojistik Problemlerinde Yol Seçimi için Çizge Teorisi Yaklaşımı
No full textIEEE SMC; IEEE Turkiye SectionIn this study, we propose a solution for determining operationally acceptable paths by partitioning a graph structure into cliques. In the proposed approach, the graph representing the road network is partitioned into cliques, with boundary vertices connected by k-partite graphs. A path is considered acceptable if its length lies within a certain neighborhood of the minimal distance between the source node and the end node. The clique and k-partite decomposition increase the efficiency of determining acceptable paths. Formulas and numerical examples show that the number of possible paths between any two vertices in a complete graph is higher than the number of possible paths computed by partitioning the graph into cliques with boundary vertices connected by k-partite graphs. The method was applied to the graph structure that includes certain cities in Turkey, where cliques are based on operational preferences. As a result, it was seen as an effective approach that could be suitable for the real-world road network structure. © 2024 IEEE
Repositioning Work and Leisure: Digital Nomads Versus Tourists
No full textAlrawadieh, Zaid/0000-0001-8355-9958; Kozak, Metin/0000-0002-9866-7529A growing yet fragmented debate addressing digital nomadism has recently emerged across different disciplines, including management, organizational behavior, and mobility studies. However, the intersection between digital nomadism and leisure and tourism activities remains blurred. Integrating existing theoretical assessments, this conceptual paper scrutinize digital nomadism from a tourism and leisure perspective, and attempts to provide a broader understanding of this phenomenon. The paper repositions digital nomads in the center of tourism and travel discourse by describing their key characteristics, mobility motives, destination selection process, and critical features, singling them out from conventional business/leisure tourists. This paper significantly contributes to an emerging stream of tourism research addressing digital nomadism as an emerging lifestyle market and provides timely practical implications for policymakers and industry practitioners.Social Science Citation Inde
Examining Actor-Partner Effects Between Social Dominance, Relationship Power, Sexism, and Marital Quality
No full textObjective: This study aimed to investigate the actor-partner effects of attitudes toward group-based inequality as measured by social dominance orientation (SDO) and marital quality, and the indirect actor-partner effects of SDO on marital quality via ambivalent sexism and partners' perceptions of their own relationship power toward their partner. Background: Previous research suggests that certain social attitudes play a role in relationship processes. However, it is unclear whether broader views on social inequality could have an effect on partners' marital quality. Method: Ninety heterosexual married couples in Turkey (N = 180) responded via an online survey on SDO, marital quality, relationship power, and ambivalent sexism. Actorpartner interdependence model (APIM) and actor-partner interdependence model of mediation (APIMeM) were conducted to examine the direct and indirect actor-partner effects. Results: For indirect effects, men's SDO was negatively associated with their marital quality through their relationship power and hostile sexism. No significant indirect effects were found for women. However, women's relationship power was positively and their benevolent sexism was negatively associated with their own and their partners' marital quality. Conclusion: Our findings help develop a more comprehensive understanding of how the political, social, and personal aspects of our lives are connected with one another. Implications: Our study points to the importance of exploring the topic of men's and women's views toward social inequality and its effects on their close relationships in clinical practice and relational education
Resilient and Dependability Management in Distributed Environments: a Systematic and Comprehensive Literature Review
No full textWith the galloping progress of the Internet of Things (IoT) and related technologies in multiple facets of science, distribution environments, namely cloud, edge, fog, Internet of Drones (IoD), and Internet of Vehicles (IoV), carry special attention due to their providing a resilient infrastructure in which users can be sure of a secure connection among smart devices in the network. By considering particular parameters which overshadow the resiliency in distributed environments, we found several gaps in the investigated review papers that did not comprehensively touch on significantly related topics as we did. So, based on the resilient and dependable management approaches, we put forward a beneficial evaluation in this regard. As a novel taxonomy of distributed environments, we presented a well-organized classification of distributed systems. At the terminal stage, we selected 37 papers in the research process. We classified our categories into seven divisions and separately investigated each one their main ideas, advantages, challenges, and strategies, checking whether they involved security issues or not, simulation environments, datasets, and their environments to draw a cohesive taxonomy of reliable methods in terms of qualitative in distributed computing environments. This well-performed comparison enables us to evaluate all papers comprehensively and analyze their advantages and drawbacks. The SLR review indicated that security, latency, and fault tolerance are the most frequent parameters utilized in studied papers that show they play pivotal roles in the resiliency management of distributed environments. Most of the articles reviewed were published in 2020 and 2021. Besides, we proposed several future works based on existing deficiencies that can be considered for further studies
Gender Gap in Consumer Loan Performance: Evidence From Fintech Lending in an Emerging Economy
No full textThis study examines whether fintech lending further enhances or mitigates the gender-based differences in consumer loan performance in an emerging market. Using a proprietary dataset of over 5.5 million consumer loans offered by the fifth-largest bank in Turkey and its fintech subsidiary, the authors first document a significant gender gap in average loan performances. In line with the previous empirical findings, men are more likely to default on their debt. The average difference in loan performance is around 10 basis points, indicating a statistically and economically significant magnitude even after controlling for an exhaustive list of demographic and credit characteristics. Next, the authors show that the gender gap in loan performance is more pronounced in areas where women have more outside options in terms of social and economic opportunities. Specifically, the authors observe that gender-based differences are predominantly evident in cities with higher divorce rates, lower young and elderly dependence, smaller household sizes, and higher labor force participation of women. Since the child and elderly care duties disproportionately influence women's ability to participate in economic life, their ability to find resources to pay their loans in a timely manner improves more in comparison to men in areas where women face fewer restrictions to seek local economic opportunities outside the household. Finally, the authors document that fintech loans partially mitigate the gender-based differences in consumer loan performance in those cities. This result suggests that the developments in financial technology can reduce the inefficiencies associated with human involvement in credit decisions, narrowing the gender gap in loan outcomes to the extent that these gaps are attributable to the supply-side factors that involve human judgment and biases
The making of Turkish exceptionalism: the west, the rest and unreconciled issues from the past
No full textThis article has two main goals. The first is to examine the role of politics of space and time in making Turkey's international relations. The second is to answer a more general question: what happens to a non-Western state like Turkey that cannot eliminate 'differences' that mark that state as non-Western? My answer is that these states handle these 'differences' that do not entirely disappear by creating exceptionalism. Exceptionalism rebrands 'difference' as 'distinctiveness' that can only be possessed by a specific country or nation. The article identifies two main pathways to the creation of Turkish exceptionalism, space and time, and explores the brief history of these spatio-temporal imaginations leading to the making of the exceptionalist narrative and their implications for Turkey's foreign relations and identity
The Synthesis and Characterization of 3d-Printed Chitosan Based Composites for Biomedical Applications
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, biyomedikal uygulamalarda kullanılmak üzere mevcut üç boyutlu yapılara alternatif olabilecek poli (vinil alkol) (PVA), aljinik asit ve poli (laktik asit) (PLA) içerikli İki boyutlu (2D) tungsten disülfür (WS2) ile katkılandırılmış Kitosan biyouyumlu kompozitlerin oluşturulmasıdır. Kitosan, Chitin'in lineer bir polisakkarit ve deasetillenmiş türevidir. Kitosanın benzersiz yapısal ve kimyasal özellikleri, onu çok yönlü biyolojik özelliklerinden yararlanan çeşitli biyomedikal endüstrilerde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir bileşen haline getirmektedir. WS2, antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip ve nihai ürünün mekanik özelliklerini artıran biyouyumlu bir malzemedir. Üç tip kompozit üretilmiştir: PLA/Kitosan, Aljinik asit/Kitosan ve PVA/Kitosan. Kompozit karışımlara çeşitli WS2 miktarları (0,5 mg, 1,0 mg, 1,5 mg, 2,0 mg) eklenmiştir. Ölçülen geçirgenlik ve sıcaklık testlerinin sonuçları karşılaştırılarak WS2 konsantrasyonunun kompozitlerin optik geçirgenlik ve şişme çalışmalarına etkisi araştırıldı. Geçirgenlik deneyleri, jelleşme modellerini tespit etmek ve her bir kompozit tipinin jel haline gelmesi için gereken süreyi hesaplamak için UV-vis spektrofotometresi kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Sonuçlar, jelleşme işlemi sırasında kompozitlerin geçirgenlik yeteneğinin yanı sıra sıcaklığın da düştüğünü gösterdi. Ayrıca, WS2'nin eklenmesi polimer kompozitin elastikiyetini arttırdığı ve şişme özelliğini etkilediği gözlendi. Sonuç olarak CS/PVA/WS2, CS/Aljinik Asit/WS2 ve CS/PLA/WS2 kompozitleri üstün mekanik özelliklere ve biyouyumluluğa sahip olabilir ve bu da onları doku mühendisliği alanında oldukça uygulanabilir hale getirebilir.The present study is aimed to develop two-dimensional (2D) tungsten disulfide (WS2)-doped Chitosan biocompatible composites containing poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), alginic acid and poly (lactic acid) (PLA), which can be an alternative to existing three-dimensional structures for use in biomedical applications. Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide and deacetylated derivative of Chitin. The unique structural and chemical properties of Chitosan make it a widely used component in various biomedical industries that benefit from its versatile biological properties. WS2 is a biocompatible material with antimicrobial effect and enhancing the mechanical properties of the final product. Three types of composites were produced: PLA/Chitosan, Alginic acid/ Chitosan, and PVA/Chitosan. A variety of WS2 amounts (0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 1.5 mg, 2.0 mg) was added to the composite blends. The effect of the WS2 amount on the optical and swelling studies of the composites by comparing the results of running transmittance and temperature tests was investigated. The transmittance experiments were conducted using UV-vis spectrophotometer to detect patterns of gelation and calculate the time each type of composite takes to be gel. The results showed that during the gelation process the temperature decreases as well as the transmittance ability of the composites. Moreover, it was observed that the addition of WS2 improves elasticity of the polymer composite and affects the swelling property. As a result, CS/PVA/WS2, CS/Alginic Acid/WS2, and CS/PLA/WS2 composites could have superior mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility, making them highly applicable in the tissue engineering field