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Synthetic Data for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring: a Markov Chain Based Approach
No full textThis paper deals with the generation of synthetic data, which plays an important role in the Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) problem. We introduce the NILM problem and then explain its crucial role in improving energy efficiency and supporting smart grid functions. The paper explains the stages of the NILM problem, including data acquisition, feature extraction, event detection, and appliance classification. We also explain two methods for generating synthetic data: AMBAL (Appliance Model Based Algorithm for Load monitoring) and SmartSim. Then, we propose a synthetic data generation method based on Markov chains, which is designed to generate labeled data useful for training supervised machine learning models. The proposed method utilizes the probabilistic transitions between different operational states of appliances, and captures the stochastic nature of real-world appliance usage. Thus, the generated synthetic data not only reflects realistic usage patterns, but also contains labels indicating the state of each appliance at a given time. The simulations are then run by generating synthetic data for typical office equipment such as laptops and televisions. The generated data sets provide detailed and accurate usage profiles, which are important for the effective training and validation of NILM algorithms. Since the generated data also includes the labeled data, this method will improve the ability of NILM systems to accurately identify and monitor individual appliances in a complex load environment. © 2024 IEEE
An Integrated Model for Road Freight Transport Firm Selection in Third-Party Logistics Using T-Spherical Fuzzy Sets
No full textküçükönder, hande/0000-0002-0853-8185The efficient selection of road freight transport (RFT) firms plays a critical role in constructing well-operating logistics systems for large-scale third-party logistics (3PL) providers. However, the decision-making process for such selection is often complex and uncertain due to various influential criteria and dynamic industry nature. To address this challenge, a novel decision-making model that integrates Delphi, CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) and Combined compromise ranking solution (CoCoSo) methods based on T-Spherical Fuzzy sets has been proposed in this paper. The model integrates expert opinions with an extensive literature review to identify the influential criteria and their corresponding weights. Subsequently, it employs a comprehensive evaluation approach to rank the RFT firms based on their performance. The model accommodates uncertainties and subjectivity by utilizing T-Spherical Fuzzy Numbers, offering robustness and transparency in decision-making. A case study involving 15 evaluation criteria and 12 RFT firms were selected to demonstrate the applicability and aptness of the proposed model. Flexibility and Integrability to different transport modes emerged as the two most essential criteria, whereas RFT firm A2 emerged as the best alternative with the highest performance score of 3.0861, followed by RFT firm A7 with a score value of 3.0499
The Lügat of İstanbul: Reşad Ekrem Koçu’s re-animation of an urban past
No full textThis article focuses on an alphabetically ordered collection titled The L & uuml;gat of & Idot;stanbul Fifty Years Ago, published in 1942 by the prolific Turkish historian and writer Re & scedil;ad Ekrem Ko & ccedil;u. Despite its rich and lesser-known descriptions and stories of & Idot;stanbul's historical spaces, people, and events in each entry with anecdotes, quotes, and comments, the L & uuml;gat has remained relatively unknown. Ko & ccedil;u drew on the memoirs and journalistic essays of Turkish journalist Ahmed Rasim, who vividly captured the essence of the city in his writings during the 1890s. This article examines Ko & ccedil;u's endeavor to establish a methodology for urban historiography by rearranging and re-animating the depictions of the mundane urban past in a new encyclopedic genre, L & uuml;gat, while placing it within the wider framework of urban history literature in & Idot;stanbul. Through a critical analysis of the narratives portraying the perils and pleasures of & Idot;stanbul in the L & uuml;gat, this article illustrates how Ko & ccedil;u's classifications are intertwined with subjective interpretations rather than rational objectifications.TUBITAKI thank Selim Sirri Kuru, Resat Kasaba, Firuzan Melike Sumertas, Gozde Burcu Ege, Michael Sims, Maral Sahebjame, Asya Ece Uzmay, Mehmet Ekinci, Guher Tan, Ezgi Tuncer, Zehra Betul Atasoy, Cansu Yap & imath;c & imath;, KHAS Library Salt Research, and the members of the University of Washington Turkish Circle. I also wish to thank the editors and reviewers for their insightful suggestions. This research was supported by TUBITAK 2219 International Postdoctoral Fellowship Program for Turkish Citizens.Social Science Citation Inde
Regime Switching in Coupled Nonlinear Systems: Sources, Prediction, and Control-Minireview and Perspective on the Focus Issue
No full textEroglu, Deniz/0000-0001-6725-6949Regime switching, the process where complex systems undergo transitions between qualitatively different dynamical states due to changes in their conditions, is a widespread phenomenon, from climate and ocean circulation, to ecosystems, power grids, and the brain. Capturing the mechanisms that give rise to isolated or sequential switching dynamics, as well as developing generic and robust methods for forecasting, detecting, and controlling them is essential for maintaining optimal performance and preventing dysfunctions or even collapses in complex systems. This Focus Issue provides new insights into regime switching, covering the recent advances in theoretical analysis harnessing the reduction approaches, as well as data-driven detection methods and non-feedback control strategies. Some of the key challenges addressed include the development of reduction techniques for coupled stochastic and adaptive systems, the influence of multiple timescale dynamics on chaotic structures and cyclic patterns in forced systems, and the role of chaotic saddles and heteroclinic cycles in pattern switching in coupled oscillators. The contributions further highlight deep learning applications for predicting power grid failures, the use of blinking networks to enhance synchronization, creating adaptive strategies to control epidemic spreading, and non-feedback control strategies to suppress epileptic seizures. These developments are intended to catalyze further dialog between the different branches of complexity.Institute of Physics Belgrade; Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia [119F125, 121F329]; TUBITAK; BAGEP Award of the Science Academy, TurkeyI.F. acknowledges the funding from the Institute of Physics Belgrade through grant by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia. D.E. acknowledges support of TUBITAK (Grant Nos. 119F125 and 121F329) and the BAGEP Award of the Science Academy, Turkey.Science Citation Index Expande
Brics in Regionalism and Global Diplomacy: a Catalyst for Change?
No full textKüreselleşme ve teknolojinin patlamasıyla birlikte uluslararası sistem, çeşitli şekillerde tezahür eden artan kutuplaşmaya tanık oldu. Uzmanlar dünyanın, gücün birden fazla merkez arasında dağıtıldığı çok kutupluluğa doğru kaydığına inanıyor. Bu araştırma, hükümetlerarası örgüt BRICS'in (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin ve Güney Afrika) bu dönüştürücü sürecin ön saflarında yer aldığını ileri sürüyor. Bu çalışma, BRICS'in önemli bir siyasi aktör olarak kapasitesini ve potansiyelini eleştirel bir şekilde değerlendiriyor ve bölgesel ve küresel ortamlarda diplomatik bir rol üstlenmedeki siyasi ve ekonomik yapılanmaları araştırıyor. 'BRICS bölgeselcilikte ve küresel diplomaside nasıl bir rol oynamaya çalışıyor?' sorusunu ele almayı amaçlıyor. Bulgular, BRICS'in daha çeşitli bir küresel düzenlemeyi şekillendirmede rol oynarken bölgesel işbirliğini ve diplomasiyi teşvik etme kapasitesini doğruluyor. Bu projenin doğasında olan zorlukların ve karmaşıklıkların kabul edilmesine rağmen araştırma, BRICS liderliğindeki küresel bir yeniden yapılanmanın makul olduğunu öne sürüyor. Anahtar Sözcükler: BRICS, Küresel Diplomasi, Bölgeselcilik, Çok Kutupluluk, Küresel YönetişimWith the explosion of globalization and technology, the international system has witnessed increasing polarization, manifesting in various forms. Experts believe the world is shifting towards multipolarity, where power is distributed among multiple centers. This research argues that the intergovernmental organization BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) stands at the forefront of this transformative process. This study critically assesses BRICS' capacity and potential as a significant political actor, investigating the political and economic configurations in assuming a diplomatic role in regional and global settings. It seeks to address the question, 'What role does BRICS seek to play in regionalism and global diplomacy?' The findings substantiate BRICS' capacity to promote regional collaboration and diplomacy while playing a role in shaping a more diversified global arrangement. Despite recognizing the challenges and complexities inherent in this project, the research suggests the plausibility of a global restructuring led by BRICS. Keywords: BRICS, Global Diplomacy, Regionalism, Multipolarity, Global Governanc
Beşerî Bilimlerin 50 Rengi: Çevreci, Dijital, Tıbbi ve Posthüman Sesler Üzerine
No full textFelsefe, edebiyat, biyoloji, tıp, ekoloji, etik ve teknoloji alanlarında yürütülen tartışmaların birbiri içine geçen tarihsel ve düşünsel süreçlerini irdeleyen Beşerî Bilimlerin 50 Rengi: Çevreci, Dijital, Tıbbi ve Posthüman Sesler (2023) kitabı, Başak Ağın ve Zümre Gizem Yılmaz editörlüğünde Kapadokya Üniversitesi Yayınları’ndan çıktı. Beşerî Bilimlerin 50 Rengi, kapsadığı alan, ele aldığı kavram ve konularla dünyada ve Türkiye’de süregelen güncel akademik çalışmaları takip eden herkes için çok önemli, başucu kaynağı niteliğinde bir eser. İnsan faaliyetlerinin gezegenin tarihini şekillendirmede nasıl baskın güç hâline geldiğini gösteren Antroposen Çağı’nda, yaşamakta olduğumuz iklimsel, ekolojik, kültürel, ekonomik, toplumsal ve siyasal krizlerle nasıl başa çıkacağımızın, onlara nasıl yanıt vereceğimizin ve en önemlisi de hikâyelerimizi nasıl kuracağımızın temellerini oluşturan çok sayıdaki kavram ve yaklaşımı Türkçede ilk kez bir çalışma, böylesi geniş bir kapsamda bir araya getiriyor. Beşerî Bilimlerin 50 Rengi’nin önerdiği kavramlar, metodolojiler ve gelecek kurgusu üzerine kitabın editörleri Başak Ağın ve Gizem Yılmaz ile söyleştik
Influences of early and intense L2 exposure on L1 causal verb production: Comparison of 5-, 7-, and 9-year-old bilingual and monolingual children
No full textAKTAN-ERCIYES, ASLI/0000-0002-6531-6140This study investigates the influences of early and intense L2 exposure on children's L1 causative verb production, assessed by an experimental causative verb production task. Turkish expresses causality by morphological and lexical means, whereas English does so by periphrastic and lexical means. Learning L2 English might enhance L1 Turkish causative verb production by highlighting the parallels and contrasts in causal expressions between the languages, which may result in an enriched L1 causative use. Five-, 7 -, and 9-year-old L1-Turkish L2-English bilingual (n = 80) and L1-Turkish monolingual (n = 80) children participated in the study in L1-Turkish. Results indicated that language group differences only emerged for the use of morphological causative verbs in favor of 5-year-old bilinguals compared with monolingual peers. Age group differences occurred only for the monolingual group and only for morphological verbs. Specifically, monolingual 7- and 9-year-olds performed better than monolingual 5-year-olds. Causative verb-type differences were only seen for 5-year-old monolinguals, who performed better for lexical than morphological verbs; in contrast, 5-year-old bilinguals performed equally well on the two types of causatives, and better than 5-year-old monolinguals on morphological causatives. Overall, these findings indicate that learning an L2 with structural similarities and differences compared with L1 might enhance children's awareness and correct use of causal linguistic structures.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUEBITAK) [219K247]The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUEBITAK), with project number 219K247 granted to A.A.-E.Social Science Citation Index - Arts &- Humanities Citation Inde
An Effective Low-Cost Laboratory-Scale Rotarod Device for Resource-Constrained Research Environment
No full textLocal fabrication of rotarod devices, employed in medical researches for studies on exploration of motor coordination for effective intervention in neurological impairment in underdeveloped countries has been a commendable effort to overcome financial constraints. However, such alternative often lacks functionalities for reliable research activities. Therefore, this work presents the development of an effective low-cost rotarod device for laboratory research in resource-constrained research settings. The main features of the rotarod device include a gear motor for the rotation of the rotary rod, a timer which measures the real time to time the rotation of the rotary rod, Passive Infrarade Sensors (PIR) to detect the fall of the rodents, and an LCD screen to display information about the test such as the time of fall of each rodent. The design and fabrication of the rotarod device totaled approximately 97 USD compared to the Nigerian naira, with most of the materials 3D-printed and sourced locally. Ten albino mice (5 male and 5 female) which are 10 weeks of age, were employed in the performance evaluation of the five compartments of the rotarod device in 3 different experiments. The rotarod device performed effectively, with an average mean fall time of ≈25.13 and ≈31.46 for all male and female mice, respectively in the overall experiment. © 2024 IEEE
Improving milling force predictions: A hybrid approach integrating physics-based simulation and machine learning for remarkable accuracy across diverse unseen materials and tool types
No full textEbrahimi Araghizad, Arash/0000-0003-4117-1773The prediction of milling forces has been addressed using a range of methods, including physics-based models and data-driven approaches. Analytical predictions that rely on mathematical models may not always provide the desired level of accuracy, whereas data-based approaches require extensive testing. A hybrid approach, which combines physics-based simulation results with machine-learning algorithms that integrate measurement data from a limited number of tests, can be employed as an effective alternative to improve the accuracy of milling force predictions. Through the implementation of this novel milling hybrid model, the accuracy of the milling force predictions is significantly improved to levels that cannot be achieved with process models alone. In this approach, a trained machine learning algorithm using simulation results and a small set of test data is a valuable tool for predicting milling forces under various conditions with high accuracy. One of the greatest advantages of this method is that the ML model trained on Al7075-T6, Steel 1050, and Ti6Al4V materials also improved the prediction accuracy for completely different materials, such as Inconel 625. This is mainly due to the way materials are defined in the machine learning system, that is, by their thermomechanical properties, which allow different materials to be input without additional testing. Furthermore, this method can be used to predict the cutting forces of special milling tools (i.e., serrated edges with cylindrical and tapered end mills with flat, ball, and round noses) with a high level of accuracy. It is demonstrated that the accuracy of the cutting force prediction in various cases can be increased up to 98 % (R2) through the implementation of this method. According to statistical error analysis, the majority of deviations between the improved model predictions and measured results fall within a narrow band of -5 % to 5 %, encompassing 90 % of the observations. It is important to note that this high prediction accuracy was achieved with very limited test data and simulation results.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK [219M487]This study was funded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK (219M487, 2023)
Evaluation of Third-Party Logistics Service Providers for Car Manufacturing Firms Using a Novel Integrated Grey Lopcow-Psi Model
No full textTopal, Ayse/0000-0003-1882-4545; Ecer, Fatih/0000-0002-6174-3241; Ulutaş, Alptekin/0000-0002-8130-1301Automotive businesses often delegate logistical tasks to third-party logistics (3PLs) service providers to acquire a competitive edge in the dynamic market. Nevertheless, selecting the most suitable third-party logistics (3PL) partner is a multifaceted undertaking that needs careful evaluation of several criteria and alternatives. This research aims to introduce an integrated grey Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) framework for automotive businesses to deal with the multidimensional 3PL selection decision problem. This framework incorporates an enhanced Preference Selection Index (PSI), Logarithmic Percentage Change-driven Objective Weighting (LOPCOW), and Mixed Aggregation by Comprehensive Normalization Technique (MACONT). The LOPCOW-G and grey PSI (PSI-G) methods extract the criterion weights, whereas the MACONT-G method ranks the alternatives. The suggested framework's practicality is shown by conducting a case study about evaluating and selecting a third-party logistics (3PLs) provider. The findings indicate that the parameters of significant importance are "skilled workforce (0.0977)," "financial strength (0.0901)," and "IT-IS competence (0.0839)." Furthermore, TPL4 has been recognized as the most optimum option with a value of 0.4797. The MACONT-G model is as well compared against other grey MCDM techniques to assess the validity of the proposed model. The Pearson correlation coefficient between MACONT-G and the other models based on grey sets is 0.958, suggesting a significant and positive link. Furthermore, it is worth noting that a sensitivity analysis has been conducted to validate the accuracy and reliability of the created framework. In conclusion, this study has identified managerial and policy implications that might assist policymakers and executives in effectively evaluating 3PL providers