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Emergence, Consolidation and Transformations of Local Identities in Urban Context: The Case of 'Orçul Community' in Istanbul
No full textBu tezin amacı, hemşehri ağlarının İstanbul'un kentleşme tarihindeki rolünü Alevi kimliği ve yerellikleri üzerinden ortaya çıkarmak, hemşehri kimliğinin yeniden inşası ile bugünkü konumunu incelemek ve İstanbul'un toplumsal belleğini oluşturma çabalarına katkı sunmaktır. Bu amaca bağlı olarak, tez araştırmasında sanayileşme ve kentleşme ile birlikte hemşehri kimliğinin ortaya çıkışı, hemşehri kimliği ile kente mekânsal, toplumsal, siyasal eklemlenme ve hemşehri kimliğinin yeniden inşası ile bugünkü konumu İstanbul Kartal ilçesine bağlı Cumhuriyet Mahallesi'nde gerçekleştirilen alan araştırması üzerinden incelenmektedir. Kartal, İstanbul nüfusu içerisinde en çok Erzincanlıyı barındıran ilçedir. Alan araştırması, resmi adı olmamasına rağmen 'Erzincan Mahallesi' olarak anılması ve Kartal'da bulunan en yüksek sayıda Erzincanlı hemşehri derneğini barındırmasından yola çıkarak Cumhuriyet Mahallesi'nde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alan araştırması sırasında gerçekleştirilen görüşmelerde Erzincanlı hemşehri kimliğinin 'Orçullu' kimliğini işaret ettiği tespit edilmiştir. 'Orçullu' hemşehrilik ilişkileri ve kimliği Mahallenin 1970'li yıllardan itibaren mekânsal ve toplumsal örgütlenmesinin temelini oluşturmuştur. Hemşehri ilişkileri ve kimliği kentle bütünleşmelerine engel olmamış aksine kente tutunma mücadelesi verdikleri dönemde bir 'tampon mekanizma' görevi görmüştür. 'Orçul' ve 'Orçullu' söylemi 2010'lu yılların ikinci yarısında Mahalleli hemşehrilerin, etnik/dinsel, mezhepsel kimliklerine dikkat çekmeden hemşehri kimliğinin yeniden inşasında en önemli referans olmuştur. Anahtar Sözcükler: Hemşehri, Mahalle, Kimlik, Alevilik, Kurmanci, OrçulThe purpose of this study is to reveal the role of hemşehri relations through Alevi identity and its locality in the context of Istanbul's urbanization history, analyze the reconstruction of hemşehri identity and its present status, and contribute to the efforts to establish Istanbul's social memory. In line with this purpose, through comprehensive field research conducted in the Cumhuriyet Neighborhood of Kartal district in Istanbul, this thesis will examine the emergence of the hemşehri identity with industrialization and urbanization, explore the spatial, social and political aspects of urban integration through the hemşehri identity, and the reconstruction of the hemşehri identity and its present status. Among Istanbul's districts, Kartal stands out for having the highest population of residents registered in the Erzincan registry. The field research was conducted in Cumhuriyet Neighborhood due to its colloquial reference as the 'Erzincan Neighborhood,' even though it lacks official recognition by that name, and that the neighborhood hosts the largest number of Erzincan hemşehri associations in Kartal. In the course of the interviews conducted as part of the field research, it was determined that the Erzincan hemşehri identity specifically points to the 'Orçul' identity. The foundation of the spatial and social organization of the Neighborhood since the 1970s has been shaped by the hemşehri relations and the identity of 'Orçullu.' Rather than impeding their urban integration, these hemşehri relations and identity served as a 'buffer mechanism' during a period when urban integration posed challenges. In the latter half of the 2010s, the discourse of 'Orçul' and 'Orçullu' emerged as a pivotal focal point in the reconstruction of hemşehri identity, without emphasizing their ethnic, religious, or sectarian affiliations. Keywords: Hemşehri, Neighborhood, Identity, Alevi, Kurmanji, Orçu
Repurposing of Known Drugs From Multiple Libraries To Identify Novel and Potential Selective Inhibitors of Hdac6 Via<i> In</I><i> Silico</I> Approach and Molecular Modeling
No full textYelekci, Kemal/0000-0002-0052-4926Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6, Class IIb) is a promising target for anticancer drugs. So far, few nonselective HDAC inhibitors have received regulatory approval as anticancer agents. However, they are associated with cell toxicity. Thus, isoform-selective inhibitors may be desirable. Here, we conducted structure-based virtual screening of multiple libraries containing a total of 2,250,135 compounds against HDAC6. The top hits with good docking scores and potential selectivity over HDAC10 (Class IIb) were submitted to 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation to monitor their dynamic behaviors and stability in the binding pockets of these enzymes. Furthermore, the drug-likeness and ADMET properties of these hits were estimated computationally. Four diverse compounds from different sources, including NCI and ZINC databases (BDH33926500, CID667061, Cromolyn, and ZINC000103531486), show potential selectivity for HDAC6.Health Institutes of Turkiye (TUSEB) [4085]We thank the Health Institutes of Turkiye (TUSEB) for supporting this research, Project number 4085.Science Citation Index Expande
Towards Better Energy Efficiency Through Electricity Consumption Forecasting in Steel Industy
No full textElektrik tüketiminin en doğru şekilde tahmin edilmesi, maliyet optimizasyonu, operasyonel verimlilik, rekabet gücü, sözleşme müzakereleri ve üretimde sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın küresel hedeflerine ulaşılması için çok önemlidir. Bu çalışma, bütüncül bir yaklaşımla, bir çelik şirketinde elektrik tüketimi için en uygun tahmin algoritmasının ve en etkin uygulama alanlarının belirlenmesine odaklanmaktadır. Rastgele Orman, Gradyan Destekli Ağaçlar, Genelleştirilmiş Doğrusal Modeller, Karar Ağaçları ve Derin Sinir Ağı verilen probleme uygun oldukları ve tahmin amacıyla yaygın olarak kullanılan regresyon algoritmaları oldukları için kullanılmıştır. Tahmin modellerinin performansı, artıkların standart sapmasına (RMSE) ve açıklanan varyans oranına (R-kare) göre değerlendirilir. Bu çalışma, Rastgele Orman modelinin Gradyan Destekli Ağaçlar, Genelleştirilmiş Doğrusal Modeller, Karar Ağaçları ve Derin Sinir Ağı modellerinden daha iyi performans ortaya koyduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuçlar birçok farklı alanda fayda sağlayacaktır. İlk olarak, sözleşme görüşmeleri sırasında, gün öncesi piyasasında elektrik satın almak için rekabet avantajı elde etmemizi sağlayacaktır. İkinci olarak, üretim planlama aşamasında, elektrik tüketimi en yüksek olan bobinlerin, en uygun fiyatlarla, talebin en az olduğu saatlerde üretimlerinin planlanmasına izin verecektir. Ve son olarak, satış siparişleri önceliklendirilirken, mevcut kapasitenin, daha düşük enerji tüketimi olan veya daha yüksek kar marjına sahip satış siparişleri için kullanılması sağlanacaktır.Forecasting electricity consumption most accurately is crucial for cost optimization, operational efficiency, competitiveness, contract negotiation, and achieving the global goals of sustainable development in manufacturing. With a holistic approach, this study focuses on identifying the most appropriate prediction algorithm for electricity consumption and the most effective implementation areas in a steel production company. Random Forest, Gradient-Boosted Trees, Generalized Linear Models, Decision Trees, and Deep Neural Networks are utilized as they are appropriate for the given problem and widely used regression algorithms for prediction purposes. The performance of the prediction models is evaluated based on the standard deviation of the residuals (RMSE) and the proportion of variance explained (R-squared). Results show that the Random Forest model outperforms the Gradient-Boosted Trees, Generalized Linear Models, Decision Trees, and Deep Neural Network models. The results will provide benefits in many different areas. Firstly, during contract negotiations, it will enable us to gain a competitive advantage when purchasing electricity in the day-ahead market. Secondly, in the production scheduling phase, coils with the highest electricity consumption will be produced during the hours when there is the least demand at the most affordable prices. Finally, when prioritizing sales orders, the use of the existing capacity for orders with lower energy intensity or a higher profit margin will be ensured
Automatic Segmentation of Time Series Data With Pelt Algorithm for Predictive Maintenance in the Flat Steel Industry
No full textIn this study, we aim to test the usability of Change Point Detection (CPD) algorithms (specifically the Pruned Exact Linear Time-PELT) to facilitate the utilization of large volumes of data within predictive mechanisms in the industry. We proposed an efficient CPD parameter selection mechanism for defect diagnosis using time-series vibration data from critical assets. We emphasized the practical algorithm PELT to ensure broad industrial applicability. Our experimental analysis, using synthetic and actual vibration data, demonstrated the practical applicability and effectiveness of PELT algorithm for automatic segmentation. The numerical results show the potential of CPD methodologies for improving predictive maintenance operations by providing an automatic segmentation mechanism. This pipeline proposes a way to increase the operational efficiency and scalability of predictive maintenance approaches, enhancing maintenance procedures and ensuring the long-term reliability of industrial systems. © 2024 IEEE
Understanding the Dynamics of Compliance To Smoke-Free Policy Regulations: Exploring the Perspectives of Venue Owners and Staff in Türkiye
No full textBaltaci, Ezgi/0000-0001-8553-3858; Hoe, Connie/0000-0001-8008-4010; Carkoglu, Asli/0000-0002-7337-4631INTRODUCTION The study aims to understand the facilitators and barriers associated with enforcing and complying with Turkiye's smoke-free policy from the perspective of hospitality venue owners and employees. METHODS A qualitative open-ended survey was conducted in Istanbul and Ankara in 2021 with 58 respondents from 3 different districts in each city from four types of venues: restaurants, traditional coffee and waterpipe houses, and European-style cafes. The open-ended survey included questions to understand the knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of respondents about Turkiye's smoke-free policy and their perceptions of the facilitators and/or barriers to smoke-free policy implementation and changes after COVID-19. The data were analyzed using an inductive approach to identify patterns and categorize the data into themes. RESULTS The respondents expressed that the smoke-free policy aimed to protect employees and customers from secondhand smoke (SHS), respect human health, and improve air quality. Findings suggest that the positive attitude of venue owners and staff toward the smoke-free policy serves as a facilitator. However, fear of financial impact, customers' negative attitudes, difficulties in meeting physical requirements, and insufficient enforcement were found to be barriers to implementing the smoke-free policy. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic were reported as an initial increase in compliance and awareness among customers and staff, but some respondents noted negative changes due to the emotional and financial effects of prolonged restrictions. These challenges have led to decreased attention on the smoke-free policy among venue owners, staff and customers. Respondents' suggested improvements were related to building infrastructure, such as the ventilation systems and educating the public on the harmful health effects of smoking. CONCLUSIONS Despite the general understanding of the dangers of secondhand smoke and the smoke-free policy, this study highlights the challenges in implementing smoke-free policy measures and the continued need to raise awareness about the importance of a 100% smoke-free venue. A comprehensive approach to addressing the tobacco epidemic as a multifaceted public health issue is essential
Evaluating Voxel-Based Graphical Passwords for Virtual Reality
No full textPrevious work has proposed using voxel-based graphical passwords (VGPs) for Virtual Reality (VR) as a secure, easy-to-remember way to authenticate users. Moreover, eye-tracking technology adds another level of security, as it avoids observational threats when entering the password. However, previous work has yet to evaluate the user performance, usability, and memorability of different combinations of VGPs. In two user studies, we first identified the best combination of shape and volume for VGPs. Then, we compare 3D versus 2D VGPs. Our results show that a cube is the best shape regarding usability and user preference. We also identified that 2D VGPs are easier to remember than 3D VGPs, as shown by a higher password accuracy and lower error rate. Our results inform the implementation of VGPs and other graphical passwords in VR.Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Scienc
Dijital Avrupa Programı: Esnek-dayanıklı Avrupa Dijital Ekosferi İçin Teknolojik Egemenliğin Geliştirilmesi
No full textDijital Avrupa Programı (DIGITAL), kıtanın dijital dönüşümünü hızlandırmayı, küresel dijital rekabeti artırmayı ve teknolojik egemenliği kurmayı amaçlayan bir Avrupa Birliği programıdır. Yüksek Performanslı Bilgi İşleme (HPC), Geniş Bant İnternet erişimi, Yapay Zekâ (AI), Bulut hizmetleri, siber güvenlik, Dijital Tek Pazar ve gelişmiş dijital yetkinlikler gibi hayati dijital teknolojilere odaklanmaktadır. DIGITAL, Avrupa'nın dijital alanındaki stratejik özerkliği için kritik olarak kabul edilmekte olup, sadece bir proje değil; aynı zamanda sosyoekonomik değişimi başlatan büyük bir geçişi temsil etmektedir. Program, Avrupa veri ekonomisi ve dijital tek pazarı geliştirmekte olup, AB'nin sosyoekonomik dinamiklerini etkilemektedir. Bu süreçte gözetilen teknolojik egemenliğin başarısı, iyi bir uygulamaya, finansa ve yönetim girişimlerine bağlıdır.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Predictors of Subjective Health Among Spouses and Its Relations With Happiness: A Multilevel Analysis in a Nationwide Survey in Turkey
No full textHarma, Mehmet/0000-0002-3955-1526; Coban-Tosyali, Ezgi/0000-0002-1471-4536; Tosyali, Furkan/0000-0002-1369-9960The current study aims to examine predictors of subjective health, including its relation with happiness, at the individual and family levels. For this purpose, we analyzed data collected from spouses representing each family (9,634 families, N = 19,268). A multilevel analysis was conducted to examine both individual- and family-level variables associated with subjective health evaluations. Individual-level variables were gender, age, education, employment, presence of chronic illness, smoking, alcohol use, and individual happiness. Family-level variables were socioeconomic status, number of children, household size, length of the marriage (in a year), presence of an elderly person who needs care in the household, presence of a disabled person who needs care in the household, and family happiness. The results showed that subjective health is enhanced by being man, younger, employed, highly educated, free from chronic illness, and experiencing greater levels of happiness at the individual level. In addition, poorer subjective health is associated with caring for an elderly or disabled family member and having a higher number of children in the household at the family level. However, individuals had better subjective health at the family level when socioeconomic status was higher, greater family happiness, and greater household size existed. The current study is important since research that simultaneously considers individual- and family-level happiness has been scarce in the literature. Thus, the findings would enhance the current understanding of the link between happiness and health.Kadir Has UniversityNo Statement AvailableSocial Science Citation Inde
Türkiye's Relations With/Within Nato: the Ontological Security Dilemmas of Türkiye's Transatlantic Identity
No full textSince 1952, T & uuml;rkiye's Transatlantic identity has been largely shaped by its NATO membership and interactions with the Allies. During the Cold War, T & uuml;rkiye aligned its national interests and security concerns with NATO, making its membership a central element of its identity. However, starting in the 2000s, T & uuml;rkiye shifted toward a more independent foreign policy, influenced by its new activism and regional ambitions, particularly in the Middle East. This shift has caused tensions with NATO, especially considering T & uuml;rkiye's military interventions in Syria, its purchase of the S-400 missile defense system from Russia, and its reactions to the latest enlargement of NATO. This paper examines T & uuml;rkiye's evolving Transatlantic identity through the lens of ontological security, according to which states act in order to provide continuity in their identities (T & uuml;rkiye's Transatlantic identity) and to prevent any instabilities to feel ontologically secure, which then might create security dilemmas between the protective security cocoons (T & uuml;rkiye's NATO membership) and the crises with other actors (T & uuml;rkiye's clashes with/within NATO). In other words, this paper aims to understand how T & uuml;rkiye's Transatlantic identity is still valued, desired, and reconstructed, despite the security dilemmas of T & uuml;rkiye's contentions with/within the NATO Alliance, from the ontological security perspective.Social Science Citation Inde
Securitization of Migration Through Disinformation: the Brexit Case
No full textUluslararası göç, yirminci yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren Avrupa gündeminde önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Değişen küresel ortam, İkinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra bu olguya ilişkin anlayışı dönüştürmüş ve güvenlik kavramının geleneksel ön kabullerine meydan okumuştur. Bu değişen ortamda göç, özellikle 1970'lerden itibaren Avrupa'da güvenlik perspektifleri çerçevesinde ele alınmaya başlanmıştır. Göçün Avrupa'da bir güvenlik tehditi olarak inşa edilmesinde dezenformasyon, olguyu çarpıtılmış anlatılar ve bilgiler aracılığıyla güvenlik çerçevesi içinde sunarak önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Hem dezenformasyon kullanımının hem de göçün güvenlikleştirilmesinin odak noktası olan Birleşik Krallık'taki Brexit, Britanya tarihinin en önemli referandumlarından biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Referandum kampanyalarının farklı aktörleri arasında yer alan Vote Leave kampanyası liderleri, anlatılarında dezenformasyonu kullanarak göçü gündemlerinin ön sıralarına taşımışlardır. Bu çalışma, Brexit referandum kampanyaları sırasında (20 Şubat-22 Haziran 2016) göçün Vote Leave kampanyası tarafından dezenformasyon yoluyla nasıl güvenlikleştirildiğini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Analizde, Kopenhag Okulu'nun güvenlikleştirme teorisinin temel ilkeleri, söz edimi metodolojisi kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Güvenlikleştirici aktörler tarafından yapılan açıklamalar, bu teorinin temel unsurları açısından incelenmiştir. Çalışma, Vote Leave kampanyasının göçü çarpıtılmış veya yanıltıcı bilgilerle Birleşik Krallık'ın sınır ve ekonomik güvenliğine yönelik bir tehdit olarak sunduğunu göstermektedir. Dahası, güvenlikleştirici aktörler uygun acil durum önlemlerinin alınmasını talep etmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Vote Leave kampanyası Brexit referandumu kampanyaları sırasında dezenformasyon yoluyla göçü başarılı bir şekilde güvenlikleştirmiştir.International migration has become a crucial subject for the European agenda from the mid-twentieth century onwards. The changing global environment has transformed the understanding of the phenomenon after World War II and has challenged the traditional pre-sumptions of the security concept. In this shifting landscape, migration started to be framed within security perspectives in Europe, especially from the 1970s onwards. In constructing migration as a security threat in Europe, disinformation has played a significant role by presenting the phenomenon in the security framework through distorted narratives and information. As a focal point of both the use of disinformation and securitization of migration, Brexit in the United Kingdom has been considered one of the most significant referendums in British history. Among different actors in the referendum campaigns, Vote Leave campaign leaders have prioritized migration in their agenda by using disinformation in their narratives. This study aims to investigate how migration was securitized through disinformation by the Vote Leave campaign during the Brexit referendum campaigns (20th February-22nd June 2016). In the analysis, the fundamental tenets of Copenhagen School's securitization theory are applied by carrying out its speech act methodology. The statements made by the securitizing actors are examined for the key elements of this theory. The study indicates that the Vote Leave campaign presented migration through distorted or misleading information as a threat to the border and economic security of the United Kingdom. Moreover, securitizing actors demanded that the appropriate emergency measures be taken. In this regard, the Vote Leave campaign securitized migration through disinformation during the Brexit referendum campaigns successfully