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Electricity System Resilience: an Integrated Bibliometric and Systematic Literature Review
No full textThis study presents a pioneering review of electricity system resilience literature through bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review, addressing four original research questions. It examines whether the literature aligns with advancements in electricity systems and identifies gaps in the reviewed research field. Suggestions include improving methodologies and developing specific resilience metrics. By analyzing current literature and offering future directions, this study provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to enhance electricity system resilience.Science Citation Index Expanded - Social Science Citation Inde
Rewilding-Based Planning Against Ecocide: A Strategic Response to Infrastructure-Led Ecological Degradation in Northern Istanbul (2006-2025)
No full textThis study critically analyses the ecological damage caused by mega-projects and uncontrolled urbanization in northern Istanbul between 2006 and 2025. It develops a strategic framework based on rewilding principles to address these issues. The research comprehensively examines the ecological changes triggered by infrastructure projects such as the Third Airport, the Northern Marmara Highway, and the Istanbul Canal, supported by spatial data analysis. The study examines how urban development affects water systems, forests, and wildlife connections. It combines urban political ecology, post-humanist ideas, and a planning approach focusing on rewilding. One of the main contributions of this study is that it introduces the concept of rewilding as a spatial planning approach adapted to Istanbul's unique ecological context. The idea is shown through a design proposal for a national architecture competition about the K & uuml;& ccedil;& uuml;k & ccedil;ekmece Lagoon Basin. The conclusion highlights how this proposal could help restore Istanbul's ecological systems, boost biodiversity, and improve climate resilience. It also acknowledges the challenges from institutions and laws, stressing the need to reconnect city residents with nature. Positioning rewilding as an ecological and socio-spatial strategy, this research offers a critical perspective on how cities like Istanbul can resist environmental degradation and build a more sustainable urban future
Türkiye'de Tasarım Merkezlerine Eleştirel Bakış: Ekosistem Temelli Etkileşim Modeli
No full textTürkiye’de tasarım politikalarının sektöre etkileri incelendiğinde, 2016’da yayımlanan Ar-Ge Reform Paketi sonrasında Tasarım Merkezleri (TM) için sağlanan teşviklerin öne çıktığı görülmektedir. Teşvikler, katma değerli üretim, markalaşma ve uluslararası pazarlara açılma hedefleriyle, Ar-Ge merkezlerine benzer bir yapısal destek mekanizmasıyla şekillenmiştir. ‘Özel sektör TM’leri’ tanımlamasıyla çerçevelendirilmiş mevzuatlar doğrultusunda; tasarım, teknoloji ve insan kaynaklarına yapılan yatırımların, teknolojik yenilik, rekabet gücünün artışı ve yaşam kalitesinin yükselmesi olarak geri dönüş sağlayacağı öngörülmüştür. İlgili kanun maddeleri yürürlüğe girdiği tarihten bu yana Bakanlık yetkilileri tarafından medya kanalları aracılığıyla, TM belgesi alan kurumlarla ilgili sayısal vurgular öne çıkarılmıştır. 2024 yıl sonu itibariyle faaliyette olan TM-sayısı 332’ye ulaşmıştır. Bu makalede, Türkiye’de tasarım politikalarının bir yansıması olarak öne çıkan TM teşviklerinin kapsayıcılığı sorgulanmakta, yenilikçi ve yaratıcı ekosistemi destekleme potansiyeli tartışılmaktadır. Nitel araştırma temelinde çoklu vaka çalışmaları için TM yetkilileri ile mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiş, tematik veri analizi yapılmıştır. Literatür ve alan çalışması verilerinin birbirini desteklediği şekilde, TM ekosisteminde Ulusal İnovasyon Sisteminin gelişimini destekleyen birbirinden farklı yapıda çeşitli merkezlerin yer aldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Kamu kaynakları ile desteklenen TM’lerin yanı sıra, farklı altyapı, destekleyici, organizasyon yapısı ile farklı faydalanıcılara yönelik yenilikçi ürün ve hizmetler sunan veya bu hizmetlerin sunulmasına dolaylı olarak etki eden merkezlerin ekosistemi zenginleştiren oyuncular olarak yer aldıkları tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak varılan etkileşim modeli ile, tanımlanmış dört temel TM kategorisinin, açık inovasyon paradigması doğrultusunda iş birlikleri ve etkileşim mekanizmalarıyla yaratıcı ekonomi ve yenilik ekosistemini tetikleyen ve sürdürülebilir kılan bir dinamizm sağladığı belirlenmiş, Türkiye’de TM’lerin yenlik ekosistemi içinde daha etkili kullanılabilmesi için sistem hatalarına neden olan belirlenmiş gereksinimler doğrultusunda stratejik öneriler geliştirilmiştir
FIDIC Sözleşmeleri Çerçevesinde Kademeli Tahkim Anlaşmalarının Geçerliliği ve İcra Edilebilirliği
No full textUluslararası inşaat sözleşmelerinden doğan uyuşmazlıklarda kademeli tahkim süreçlerinin etkisi ve uygulanabilirliği bu çalışmanın ana odak noktasıdır. İnşaat projelerindeki uyuşmazlıkların hızlı, etkin ve taraflar açısından adil bir şekilde çözümlenmesi, uluslararası alanda giderek artan bir ihtiyaç haline gelmiştir. Özellikle FIDIC tarafından geliştirilen ve yaygın kullanılan tip sözleşmeler, tahkim ve alternatif uyuşmazlık çözüm yollarının etkin şekilde uygulanmasına olanak tanımaktadır. Çalışmada, FIDIC sözleşmelerinin 20. ve 21. maddesinde yer alan tahkim öncesi mühendis kararları, DAAB süreçleri ve dostane çözüm aşamalarının yanı sıra tahkime ilişkin kurallar ve tarafların bu aşamaları atlayarak tahkime doğrudan başvurma durumlarının sonuçları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada tahkim anlaşmalarının geçerliliği için aranan tahkime elverişlilik, taraf iradelerinin açık bir şekilde ortaya konması, yazılılık ve yetkili kişilerce akdedilme gibi koşulların Türk hukuku bağlamında nasıl değerlendirilmesi gerektiği ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, tahkim öncesi aşamaların zorunlu olup olmadığı ve bu süreçlere uyulmamasının kabul edilebilirlik veya yetki sorunlarına yol açıp açmayacağına dair öğreti ve emsal kararlar değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, FIDIC sözleşmelerinde yer alan kademeli tahkim süreçlerinin uyuşmazlıkların çözümünde doğru şekillendirilmesinin kritik öneme sahip olduğu, aksi halde bu süreçlerin tahkimin hız ve maliyet avantajlarını ortadan kaldırabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Kademeli tahkim anlaşmalarının ticari ilişkilere zarar vermeksizin uyuşmazlık çözümüne katkı sağladığı durumlarda tercih edilmesi önerilmekte, tarafların ilişkilerinin niteliği ve proje koşulları dikkate alınarak düzenlenmesi gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, uluslararası inşaat projelerinde etkin uyuşmazlık çözümü için kademeli tahkim anlaşmalarının avantaj ve dezavantajlarını ortaya koyarak, uygulamacılar ve öğreti için bir kaynak sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.The primary focus of this study is the impact and applicability of multi-tier arbitration processes in resolving disputes in international construction contracts. The need for the swift, efficient, and fair resolution of disputes in construction projects has become increasingly critical on an international scale. Specifically, the standard contracts developed by FIDIC facilitate the effective implementation of arbitration and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. This study examines the provisions in Clause 20 and 21 of FIDIC contracts, including pre-arbitration decisions by the engineer, DAAB processes, and amicable settlement stages, as well as the rules governing arbitration and the consequences of bypassing these stages to proceed directly to arbitration. It also explores the prerequisites for the validity of arbitration agreements under Turkish law, such as arbitrability, clear expression of the parties' intent, written form, and execution by authorized individuals. Furthermore, the study evaluates scholar opinions and precedent decisions on whether pre-arbitration stages are mandatory and whether non-compliance with these stages could lead to issues of admissibility or jurisdiction. The findings highlight that correctly structuring multi-tier arbitration processes in FIDIC contracts is crucial for effective dispute resolution. Otherwise, these processes may negate the speed and cost-efficiency advantages of arbitration. Multi-tier arbitration agreements are recommended in cases where they contribute to dispute resolution without harming commercial relationships. However, it is emphasized that such agreements should be tailored to the nature of the parties' relationship and project-specific conditions. This study aims to provide a resource for practitioners and academics by examining the advantages and disadvantages of multi-tier arbitration agreements in international construction projects
Data-Driven Modeling of Traffic Flow in Macroscopic Network Systems
No full textUrban traffic modeling is essential for understanding and mitigating congestion, yet existing approaches face a trade-off between realism and scalability. Microscopic agent-based simulators capture individual vehicle behavior but are computationally intensive and hard to calibrate at scale. Macroscopic models, while more efficient, often rely on strong assumptions, such as fixed origin-destination flows, or oversimplify network dynamics. In this work, we propose a data-driven macroscopic model that simulates traffic as a discrete-time load-exchange process over flow networks. The model captures key phenomena such as bottlenecks, spillbacks, and adaptive load redistribution using only road-type attributes, network structure, and observed traffic density. Parameter learning is performed via evolutionary optimization, allowing the model to adapt to both synthetic and real-world conditions without assuming latent travel demand. We evaluate the framework on synthetic grid-like networks and on real traffic data from London, Istanbul, and New York. The resulting framework provides a scalable and interpretable alternative for urban traffic forecasting, balancing predictive accuracy with computational efficiency across diverse network conditions.TUEBITAK [121F329]; BAGEP Award of the Science Academy, TurkeyThe authors thank Fatihcan M. Atay for his valuable comments and insightful suggestions on the research. T.F. and D.E. acknowledge funding from TUBITAK (Grant No. 121F329). D.E. acknowledges support from the BAGEP Award of the Science Academy, Turkey
Hybrid Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment of Shared E-Scooters: Utilization Rate as a Key Driver of Sustainability Performance
No full textPurposeShared e-scooter services have emerged as transformative solutions in urban micro-mobility, offering sustainable, affordable, and accessible transportation options. This study evaluates the life cycle sustainability of shared e-scooters in comparison to conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and privately owned e-scooters, emphasizing utilization rate as a critical factor shaping environmental, social, and economic outcomes.Methods and dataA cradle-to-grave life cycle sustainability assessment was performed using a multi-regional input-output framework to evaluate the environmental, social, and economic impacts of shared e-scooters. Data were collected from a major service provider in Doha, Qatar, with the functional unit defined as passenger kilometers traveled. The assessment accounted for impacts across three phases, assessing 13 sustainability impact metrics. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was conducted by individually perturbing key variables, quantifying their influence on overall life cycle impacts, and identifying the principal drivers for potential optimization.ResultsThe analysis identifies the manufacturing phase as the largest contributor to environmental impacts throughout the life cycle, accounting for an average of 27% of the total impacts. Our findings also indicate that shared e-scooters with utilization rates below 11% (case study's utilization rate) produce higher carbon emissions per kilometer than private battery electric vehicles. Additionally, operational activities, such as redistribution and collection, exacerbate the environmental burdens, making personal e-scooters a more sustainable alternative than shared e-scooters when usage levels are comparable.ConclusionsThis study provides a comprehensive life cycle sustainability perspective on shared e-scooter systems, revealing that their overall sustainability depends not only on operational efficiency but critically on design, energy sourcing, and local deployment strategies. We find that upstream processes, particularly manufacturing and battery production, dominate environmental impacts, while charging drives resource depletion, especially in water-scarce regions. Operational activities introduce trade-offs that can offset shared mobility's benefits if not well managed.Socially, shared e-scooters offer improved health outcomes and employment potential, but most socioeconomic gains are realized outside the regions where the services are used, raising questions about local value capture. Economically, lifecycle costs are competitive only under sufficient utilization, which is strongly influenced by user behavior, spatial planning, and regulatory support.ConclusionsThis study provides a comprehensive life cycle sustainability perspective on shared e-scooter systems, revealing that their overall sustainability depends not only on operational efficiency but critically on design, energy sourcing, and local deployment strategies. We find that upstream processes, particularly manufacturing and battery production, dominate environmental impacts, while charging drives resource depletion, especially in water-scarce regions. Operational activities introduce trade-offs that can offset shared mobility's benefits if not well managed.Socially, shared e-scooters offer improved health outcomes and employment potential, but most socioeconomic gains are realized outside the regions where the services are used, raising questions about local value capture. Economically, lifecycle costs are competitive only under sufficient utilization, which is strongly influenced by user behavior, spatial planning, and regulatory support.Science Citation Index Expande
Predicting Land Prices in Turkey
No full textBu çalışma, tarımsal arazilerin fiyatlandırılması üzerine iki temel dinamiği incelemektedir: birincisi, içsel ve bölgesel değişkenlere bağlı olarak fiyat performansı; ikincisi ise fiyat belirleme stratejilerinin anlaşılmasıdır. Araştırma sonucunda fiyat performansı açısından en güçlü değişkenin arazi büyüklüğü (0.758) olduğu, bunu kıyıya yakınlık (0.8340) ve yağış miktarı (-5.6223) izlediği belirlenmiştir. Ortalama kare hatası değerlerine göre modelin bazı bölgelerde güvenilir biçimde kullanılabileceği görülmüştür. Anahtar Sözcükler: Arazi fiyatı, mekânsal analiz, regresyon, tarım ekonomisi, coğrafi bilgi sistemleri, LASSO, makine öğrenmesi.This research basically investigates two dynamics. First, the pricing performance of an agricultural land depending on both internal and regional variables; on the other hand, determining and understanding the strategies to be used in price determination. Among the main findings of the research, the price determination performance was determined as logarithmic variables, the strongest land size (0.758), followed by proximity to the coast (0.8340), and finally rainfall (-5.6223). Based on Mean Square Errors, the research can examine the places where the model is reliable regionally in the future. Keywords: Land Price, Spatial Analysis, Regression, Agricultural Research, Geographic Information Systems, LASSO, Machine Learning, Random Forest
A Novel Contingency Analysis Toolbox Developed by the Python API of Powerfactory
No full textAn essential aspect of network expansion planning is conducting contingency analysis to evaluate critical system parameters and reliability indices. While various commercial tools exist for network studies, they often lack flexibility in selecting inputs, outputs, and specific operational strategies for power networks. This paper introduces a toolbox developed using the Python API of PowerFactory for N-1 contingency analysis, offering extensive flexibility not provided by the existing commercial tools. The other important feature of the toolbox is the ability to optimize network reconfiguration and power restoration. The toolbox's performance is tested on a real-world bulk distribution network. The results showed the flexibility in generating diverse outputs, the ability to consider different operational strategies while confronting contingencies, and time and resource-saving due to task automation. © 2025 IEEE
An in Silico Study to Evaluate the Impact of Vortioxetine, a Multi-Modal Antidepressant, on Ovarian Cancer
No full textOver (yumurtalık) kanseri (OV), genellikle geç evrede teşhis edilmesi ve tedaviye direnç geliştirmesi nedeniyle önemli bir mortalite oranına sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, OV hastalarına sıklıkla reçete edilen multi-modal antidepresan vortioksetinin, öncelikli olarak tercih edilen kemoterapi ilaçlarından olaparib, niraparib ve karboplatin ile olan potansiyel etkileşimleri in silico yöntemlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Özellikle, PARP inhibitörlerinin moleküler hedefi olan PPAR α proteini (PDB ID: 1KKQ) seçilerek bu protein üzerinde çoklu bağlanma (multi-docking) ve moleküler dinamik (MD) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, vortioksetinin bir ligand ve olaparib, niraparib veya karboplatin gibi FDA onaylı ilaçlardan birinin diğer ligand olarak kabul edildiği, çiftli ligand bağlanma analizleri, hedef proteinler üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen en stabil üçlü kompleksler daha sonra MD simülasyonlarına tabi tutulmuştur. 1KKQ proteini ile yapılan simülasyonlar sonucunda, vortioksetinin diğer ligandın bağlanmasını kolaylaştırabileceği ve kompleksin yapısal stabilitesini arttırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. RMSD, RMSF ve radyoal kompaktlık (Rg) verileri, özellikle vortioksetin–olaparib ve vortioksetin–karboplatin kombinasyonlarının düşük dalgalanma ve yüksek konformasyonel korunma gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada odaklanılan PPAR α proteini, DNA onarım yollarında kritik bir rol oynamaktadır ve özellikle homolog rekombinasyon onarımı bozulmuş hücrelerde (örneğin, BRCA mutasyonu) hedeflenebilir hale gelmektedir. PARP inhibitörleri, DNA hasarını onaramayan tümör hücrelerinde 'sentetik ölüm' mekanizmasını tetikleyerek seçici sitotoksisite sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, vortioksetinin mevcut FDA onaylı endikasyonu olan majör depresif bozukluğun ötesinde, over kanseri tedavisinde destekleyici küçük molekül olarak yeniden konumlandırılabileceğini göstermektedir. Diğer bir deyişle, bu antidepresanın PARP inhibitörleriyle moleküler düzeyde kurabileceği etkileşimlerin ortaya konulması, PARP inhibitörleriyle sinerjik bir etki yaratabileceğini işaret etmektedir.Ovarian cancer (OV) has a significant mortality rate due to being diagnosed at a late stage and developing resistance to treatment. In this study, the potential interactions of vortioxetine, a multi-modal antidepressant known to be prescribed frequently to OV patients, with primarily preferred chemotherapy drugs, olaparib, niraparib, and carboplatin, were evaluated in silico. In particular, PPAR α (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α ) protein (PDB ID: 1KKQ), which is the molecular target of PARP inhibitors, was selected to be investigated further via multiple docking and molecular dynamics (MD) analyses. In this study, multi-docking analyses to the target proteins were performed in which vortioxetine is considered as one of the two ligands and the other ligand is any one of the FDA-approved drugs, olaparib, niraparib, and carboplatin. The most stable triple complexes were subjected to MD simulations. As a result of the simulations performed with the 1KKQ protein, it was observed that vortioxetine could facilitate the binding of the other ligand and increased the structural stability of the complex. RMSD, RMSF and radial compactness (Rg) data showed that especially vortioxetine–olaparib and vortioxetine–carboplatin combinations exhibited low fluctuation and high conformational conservation. In this context, the PPAR α protein, which we focus on, is a critical player of the DNA repair pathways and becomes targetable especially in cells with impaired homologous recombination repair (e.g., BRCA mutation). PARP inhibitors provide selective cytotoxicity by triggering the 'synthetic death' mechanism in tumor cells that cannot repair DNA damage. This study indicates that vortioxetine can be repositioned as a supportive small molecule in OV treatment beyond its FDA-approved indication, major depressive disorder. In other words, by elucidating the interactions that it can establish with PARP inhibitors at the molecular level this antidepressant can create a synergy with PARP-inhibitors
Disaggregation of Hourly Electricity Consumption Into Subconsumptions
No full textElectricity consumption in a country, region, or city comprises demand from residential, industrial, commercial, and other specific consumptions such as street lighting, and agricultural related consumptions, along with losses from leakage and transmission and unauthorized usage. However, tracking the specific consumption components in real time is challenging, as detailed consumption data for each category is typically determined only after billing periods. Understanding the electricity demand of each subcategory and its proportion within total consumption is crucial for effective system planning and operation. This study develops a framework to disaggregate total electricity consumption into subcategories—residential, industrial/ commercial, irrigation, and lighting—at an hourly resolution. The methodology depends crucially on a special day detection approach that identifies consumption patterns on days at which where electricity usage is at its lowest, without any a priori information of the holidays in each country or a region. Based on this, baseline consumption levels for different periods are determined, indices for subcategories are developed, and time series models are generated to analyze consumption trends. For validation, the methodology is applied to Turkish electricity data, where the structure of consumption is analyzed in relation to holidays and special occasions, accounting for the reduction in demand during these periods. The proportions of residential, industrial/commercial, and lighting consumption are derived from total consumption, and the remaining categories are estimated accordingly. Finally, the accuracy and convergence of the results are evaluated, and the findings are presented with their implications for energy planning and grid management. © 2025, Econjournals. All rights reserved