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XY-Ashkin Phase Diagram in D=3
No full textThe phase diagram of the Ashkin-Tellerized XY model in spatial dimension d = 3 is calculated by renormalization-group theory. In this system, each site has two spins, each spin being an XY spin, that is having orientation continuously varying in 2 pi radians. Nearest-neighbor sites are coupled by two-spin and four-spin interactions. The phase diagram has ordered phases that are ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic in each of the spins, and phases that are ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic in the multiplicative spin variable. The phase diagram distinctively exhibits a pair of symmetrically situated direct bifurcation points and a pair of symmetrically situated reverse bifurcation points of the phase boundaries. The renormalization-group flows are in terms of the doubly composite Fourier coefficients of the exponentiated energy of nearest-neighbor spins.Academy of Sciences of Turkey (TUBA)Support by the Academy of Sciences of Turkey (TUBA) is gratefully acknowledged.Science Citation Index Expande
Principle of Restrained Exercise of Rights: Origins, Legal Basis and Applications in Civil Law and Company Law
No full textThe principle of restrained exercise of rights, rooted in Roman law, has emerged with the aim of balancing opposing interests. The principle is a manifestation of the prohibition of abuse of rights under Turkish Civil Code (TCiC) Article 2. It originates from property law and is explicitly regulated in TCiC 786 governing praedial servitude. It also has an important place in the company law. Especially in the law of public limited liability companies, the principle has been adopted both in the doctrine and in practice as one of the tools to prevent and/or reduce the dangers of the majority rule and the abuse by the majority. Moreover, the principle is complementary to both the principle of equality in the law of obligations and the principle of equal treatment in the company law, which itself is an extension of the principle of good faith. In terms of both property law and company law, the principle draws the limits of the interference to be endured by the persons whose legal spheres are allowed to be interfered with through the exercise of certain rights. The study will first examine the principle from a terminological perspective, identifying provisions that are ‘directly’ related to it, and then address its origins in Roman law. Subsequently, the principle’s connection to the principle of good faith and the prohibition of abuse of rights under TCiC 2 will be examined. Finally, the principle is analysed in the context of property law and company law. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Adapting Large Language Models Via Multi-task Learning for Mental Health Problem, Emotion, and Sentiment Detection
No full textDiversity as a Core Feature of Language Acquisition: A Commentary on Scaff et al. (2025)
No full textThis commentary builds on Scaff et al.'s (2025) systematic review of the CHILDES database, highlighting persistent biases in child language corpora and research. We expand the discussion, emphasizing three key areas: (1) the need to diversify naturalistic data across languages to strengthen language acquisition theories; (2) the importance of including diverse child and parent demographics within specific language environments; and (3) the underrepresentation of bilingual samples from non-WEIRD, non-Indo-European contexts. We argue that these limitations not only hinder generalizability but also shape prevalent theoretical assumptions. Promoting inclusive, globally representative corpora is important for advancing a fair and accurate understanding of child language acquisition.James S. McDonnell Foundation Human Cognition Scholar AwardTilbe Goksun is supported by the James S. McDonnell Foundation Human Cognition Scholar Award (https://doi.org/10.37717/220020510).Social Science Citation Inde
A Rag-Based Automotive Sector AI Assistant for Enhanced Information Retrieval
No full textAdvanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly used to ensure fast and accurate information access across industries. In the automotive sector, efficient querying of technical data by customers and service staff is essential. Due to the volume of manuals, maintenance logs, and troubleshooting guides, manual search is often impractical. This study introduces an AI-based assistant for the automotive domain, built on a pre-trained language model using the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework. RAG improves text generation by retrieving relevant data from external sources—such as document repositories and databases—rather than relying solely on a generative model. This hybrid approach reduces hallucinations and increases response accuracy. Unlike traditional chatbots, our system draws domain-specific content from curated technical documents, ensuring higher relevance and reliability. The assistant is not a new model but a domain-specific application that integrates an existing LLM with the RAG framework for an industrial use case. The automotive assistant is designed to extract information from technical documents to deliver accurate answers to common user problems. It supports both vehicle owners and service professionals by providing real-time, context-aware information for troubleshooting and maintenance. To evaluate its performance, a validation dataset comprising 487 real customer service call transcripts (2,578 sentences, 6,445 seconds) was used. These transcripts served solely for evaluation purposes, testing the assistant's ability to generate contextually appropriate responses to real-world queries. This study demonstrates how a RAG-based model can be optimized for domain-specific use, improving information retrieval in the automotive sector. By combining retrieval and generation, the assistant enhances the accuracy and efficiency of technical support. The system was first piloted internally by call center staff, allowing for a thorough evaluation of its accuracy, safety, and compliance with responsible AI principles. Pilot results showed that the assistant significantly enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of information retrieval in technical support, improving operational performance and user satisfaction. Evaluations confirmed that it provides more precise and context-aware responses than traditional generative models, leading to a better user experience. As a result, the assistant serves as a valuable tool for both end-users and service teams, reducing time spent on searching critical maintenance information and boosting customer satisfaction. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Çağdaş Performans Üretimlerinde Katılımcılık Unsuru: Dünyada ve Türkiye'de Seyirci-Performansçı İlişkisi
No full textBu çalışmada performansta katılımcılık unsuru, Richard Schechner'in akademik alanda kurulmasına öncülük ettiği Performans Çalışmaları bağlamında ele alınacak ve farklı performans gruplarının gösterimlerinden örneklerle incelenecektir. Tezde, performanslardaki seyirci ve performansçı ilişkisi odakta olarak, Performans Çalışmalarının kavramları, seyircinin performans tarihinde değişen konumu analiz edilecek ve katılımcılık unsuru bu perspektiften değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmanın temel amacı performansta katılımcılık unsurunun performansın bir diyalog zemini oluşturma potansiyelini nasıl etkilediği ve bu bağlamda seyirci ve performansçı ilişkisindeki dönüşümü ortaya koymaktır.In this study, the element of participation in performance will be discussed in the context of Performance Studies, of which Richard Schechner pioneered in the academic field, and will be examined with examples from the performances of different performance groups. The thesis will focus on the relationship between the audience and the performer in performances, analyzing the concepts of Performance Studies, the changing position of the audience in the history of performance and the element of participation will be examined from this perspective. The main purpose of the study is to demonstrate how the element of participation in performance affects the potential of performance to create a ground for dialog and to reveal the transformation in the relationship between the audience and the performer in this context
Reforming External Debt Governance in Turkey to Reach External Debt Sustainability
No full textThe paper argues that the attainment and maintenance of external debt sustainability is challenging, and that it is not a choice. A country whose government fails to respect external debt sustainability would eventually default on its external debt. But in the case of default the penalty is the inability to borrow in international markets, and hence the cost of defaulting could be extremely high. The paper emphasizes the importance of having a functioning external debt governance system that will reduce the probability of explosive debt trajectories over time requiring solutions to the following three issues. First, in policy circles minds should be clear about the importance of achieving sustainability of external debt. Second, policy makers have to agree on the way to attain external debt sustainability. Based on empirical analysis, the paper recommends implementing legal reforms, reducing inflation, and devaluing when necessary the real exchange rate. Finally, the country needs to find a way to translate the concept of external debt sustainability into policy technicality. In particular, such a translation requires the development of an institution that when established will enable the country to avoid facing external debt problems over time. The paper proposes the creation of an independent public advisory body, the External Debt Council, equipped with adequate resources to ensure sustainable debt management, and building and sustaining social consensus in the society on the achievement of external debt sustainability that will bind not only the officials in the present government but also the officials in future governments
Early Parental Multimodal Input Is Differentially Associated with Later Vocabulary Knowledge for Preterm and Full-Term Infants
No full textGoksun, Tilbe/0000-0002-0190-7988This study examined whether (1) parents' language input and its modality differed in Turkish-learning preterm (PT) (<37 weeks of gestation) and full-term infants (FT), and (2) the type of language input (i.e. verbal and multimodal) had differential concurrent and longitudinal effects on PT and FT infants' vocabulary development. At Time 1 (Mage = 14 months, N = 73, 36 PT) and Time 2 (Mage = 20.1 months, N = 61, 27 PT), PT infants' parents produced fewer frequent multimodal input (i.e., co-speech deictic gestures) than FT infants' parents. The frequency of verbal input (i.e., word count) between groups differed only at Time 1. Parents' verbal input was concurrently associated with infants' receptive vocabulary at 14 months, yet parents' multimodal input was only linked to PT infants' receptive vocabulary. At 20 months, parents' verbal input was not related to expressive vocabulary in either group; however, parents' multimodal input was again associated with PT infants' expressive vocabulary scores. Parents' multimodal input at 14 months predicted infants' expressive vocabulary scores at 20 months, only for the PT group. These findings suggest that the variability of multimodal input infants receives from their parents and the contribution of such input to vocabulary development change as a function of infants' neonatal status.James S. McDonnell Foundation [220020510]This work was supported by the James S. McDonnell Foundation Scholar Award Grant no: [220020510] to Tilbe Goksun.Social Science Citation Index - Arts & Humanities Citation Inde
Proposing and Developing Low-Power Quantum Arithmetic Logic Units (QALUs) for Smart Grids and the Internet of Energy
No full textThe advancement of modern power systems has produced smart grids by implementing intelligent control systems linked with digital communication technology to boost reliability and sustainability while improving operational efficiency. The Internet of Energy (IoE) represents an advanced version of smart grids that adopt real-time monitoring with decentralized energy management and dynamic power distribution to maximize energy efficiency. The development of the IoE encounters major obstacles because it handles problems involving power consumption, alongside calculation speed, network stability, the protection of information resources, and problems related to system performance management. The solution to these difficulties demands innovative technological methods for implementation. The authors present Quantum Arithmetic Logic Units (QALUs), which serve as a groundbreaking technology for optimizing performance and energy usage in smart grids, together with IoE systems. The combination of nanotechnology elements with quantum computing rules enables QALUs to operate with minimal power requirements alongside simultaneous processing features and error-resilient operations, which suits them for immediate energy supervision purposes. The QALU design proposal demonstrates the evaluation of power efficiency performance while showing operational accuracy levels and scalability capabilities for a future energy network revolution. The proposed ALU brings improvements in all areas, including power consumption, with a 99.29results. This paper marks a transformative advancement in the development of quantum-enhanced smart grids, which pave the way for enhanced, sustainable, and secure optimized energy systems