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Linear Recruitment in Tourism Academia: When Academic Jobs “Go Sideways”
No full textPurpose: The recruitment and promotion of teaching academics in the UK is constrained by a complex array of career progression barriers. These barriers have led to an increasing trend of horizontal career (lack of) progression. The purpose of this paper is to reveal and discuss linearity and horizontality constrictions, challenges and issues impacting on potential careers in tourism academia. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a leading UK national academic recruitment website to gather data and insights from across 137 posted jobs related to tourism between 2020 and 2022. Findings: The main findings of this work note the constrictions of the UK academic job market and the consequences it poses for academics within tourism and beyond. It is proposed that future research to further understand the realities faced by academics is needed to prompt action for change to create more enriching career development. Originality/value: The contribution of this study centres around sense making a phenomenon that exists but is not often talked about within academia (whether in tourism or beyond). For academics and managers, this paper presents an opportunity to reflect more holistically on careers with a view to instigating valuable change moving forward (for oneself or others). There is also a dearth of studies relating to career progression of tourism higher education educators. © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited.Social Science Citation Inde
Humour as Resistance? A Brief Analysis of the Gezi Park Protest Graffiti
No full text[Abstract Not Available
Perceptions at War: Exploring Public Attitude Formation in the Armenian-Azerbaijani Conflict
No full textThe post-2020 escalations in the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict, culminating in the Azerbaijani military offensive of September 2023 and the subsequent mass exodus of the Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh, once again underscored the persistent deadlock in the peace process and the failure to achieve compromise. This article aims to analyze the genesis of maximalist attitudes within Armenian and Azerbaijani societies in the years preceding the 2020 war, as well as the factors contributing to the endurance of these attitudes in the years that followed. Drawing on the analysis of maximalist attitudes formation during the interwar period (1994-2020), the research delves into the obstacles encountered by peace activists and peacebuilders in their efforts to counter dominant nationalism, alongside other challenges and structural impediments in the peacebuilding process. Finally, the study investigates the determinants that shaped the post-war attitudes in Armenia and Azerbaijan preceding the pivotal events of September 2023.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Evaluating the Financial Credibility of Third-Party Logistic Providers Through a Novel Frank Operators-Driven Group Decision-Making Model With Dual Hesitant Linguistic<i> Q</I>-rung Orthopair Fuzzy Information
No full textSenapati, Tapan/0000-0003-0399-7486; ECER, FATIH/0000-0002-6174-3241In the relevant literature, there is no study dealing with the financial credibility of third-party logistic providers with the help of decision-making frames. Further, there are no criteria to evaluate the third-party logistics providers' creditworthiness in practice, and decision-makers in the banks consider their judgments and experiences to assess the demand of the logistics firms. This study proposes a multi-criteria group decision-making framework through a dual hesitant linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy (DHLq-ROF) set to manage uncertainties more effectively and make a theoretical contribution to the academic literature. For ranking, the score function and accuracy function are defined. Additionally, some novel operational laws based on Frank t-norms and t-conorms are defined for DHLq-ROF numbers. A wide range of generalized aggregation operators, such as DHLqROF Frank weighted averaging, DHLq-ROF Frank weighted geometric, DHLq-ROF Frank generalized weighted averaging, and DHLq-ROF Frank generalized weighted geometric operators, are also investigated. Beyond that, several prominent characteristics of the proposed operators are studied. It is applied to a financial credibility problem for a multinational organization to demonstrate the introduced model's applicability. Considering the results obtained regarding the importance of the criteria, the most crucial criterion is market indebtedness, followed by fleet vehicle structure and current rate criteria, respectively. The results indicate that UPS, Kuhne & Nagel and DHL Deutsche Post are the best third-party logistic providers. The sensitivity analysis shows that the framework possesses favourable flexibility and effectiveness. Thanks to the framework's ability to produce practical solutions to challenging decision-making problems, it can be reliably preferred in engineering and other fields.Science Citation Index Expande
Impact of Culture Shock, Acculturation Approaches, and Sociocultural Adaptation on Perceived Proficiency in Turkish and English Among International Students in Turkey
No full textKocaturk, Metin/0000-0002-2065-0022; Tekel, Esra/0000-0003-4600-9900The primary objective of this study was to investigate the influence of culture shock, acculturation strategies, and sociocultural adjustment on the perceived Turkish and English language proficiency of international students in Turkey. Data were collected from 3554 international students in Turkey whose native language was neither Turkish nor English, using the "Culture Shock Questionnaire", "Acculturation Measurement", and "Sociocultural Adjustment Scale". Data were analyzed using correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results revealed that the perceived Turkish and English language proficiencies of international students in Turkey were moderate. Language proficiency, personal interests, and social participation factors of sociocultural adjustment and acculturation strategies, such as assimilation and integration, have a positive impact on perceived Turkish language proficiency. On the other hand, the interpersonal stress factor of culture shock and assimilation and integration aspects of the acculturation strategies were found to be the most critical determinants of perceived English language proficiency. Additionally, language proficiency, personal interests, and social participation factors of sociocultural adjustment and acculturation strategies, such as separation and assimilation, had positive effects, whereas the language proficiency factor of sociocultural adjustment and assimilation acculturation strategies had negative effects. The findings of this study indicate that acculturation strategies and sociocultural adjustment play a crucial role in the development of perceived target language proficiency.TUBITAK (The Scientifc and Technological Research Council of Turkiye) [122K718]This work was supported by TUBITAK (The Scientifc and Technological Research Council of Turkiye) within the scope of the project numbered 122K718.Social Science Citation Inde
The Determinants of Bank-Intermediated Trade Finance in Türkiye
No full textTicaret, ekonomik büyümenin temel itici güçleri arasında yer alır. Daha önce kaleme alınan akademik çalışmalar ticaret finansmanının ticarete desteğini ortaya koymuştur. Tezimiz, önemli bir gelişmekte olan pazar olan ve ayrıca dünyanın geri kalanıyla güçlü ve geniş ticari bağlara sahip Türkiye'de banka aracılığında ticaret finansmanını belirleyen faktörlere odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, banka aracılığında ticaret finansmanını Akreditif (LC) ile endeksliyoruz. LC, uluslararası ticarette riskleri azaltmaya yönelik bir araç olarak düşünülebilir ve gelişmekte olan bir ülke olan Türkiye, banka aracılığının riski ortadan kaldıran niteliği açısından iyi çıkarımlar sağlamaktadır. Bu tez kapsamında, Türk bankalarının bilanço dışı kalemlerinden ve yatırımcı sunumlarından derlenenbir veri setine dayanan ve Türkiye'de banka aracılığında ticaret finansmanının belirleyicilerini saptayan bir model oluşturuyoruz. Türk bankacılık sektörü varlıklarının %95' inden fazlasını temsil eden otuz üç Türk bankasını içeren ve 2002 ile 2022 yılları arasındaki seksen bir mali çeyreği kapsayan bir panel veri kümesi üzerinde olağan en küçük kareler (OLS) regresyonunu kullanıyoruz. Ticaret Finansmanı literatürüne katkılarımız manuel olarak bir araya getirilmiş yeni bir veri kümesini, Türkiye'de LC arzında bilanço, sahiplik, banka türü ve belirsizlik faktörlerinin etkisini mikro düzeyde test eden yeni bir model oluşturulmasını, ayrıca kriz ve kredi derecelendirme notu değişikliği dönemlerine odaklı ek analizleri içermektedir. Test sonuçlarımız, Türkiye'de LC arzının belirlenmesinde sermaye, krediler, mevduat, şube sayısı, mülkiyet, banka türü ve belirsizliğin önemli unsurlar olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, yaptığımız ek analizler, yabancı sermayedarlara sahip Türk bankalarının kriz dönemlerinde dış ticaret finansmanını azaltma eğiliminde olduklarını ve 2008 Küresel Mali Krizi'nin Türk bankalarının dış ticaret finansmanı aracılığı faaliyetleri üzerinde uzun vadeli dönüştürücü bir etki yarattığını göstermektedir.Trade has always been among the main drivers of economic growth. Previous academic works demonstrated the value of trade finance in facilitation of trade. This study focuses on bank-intermediated trade finance in Türkiye, which is an important emerging market with strong and wide trade ties with the rest of the World. We define bank-intermediated trade finance with Letter of Credit (LC). LC can be considered as a tool to reduce risks in international trade and Türkiye, being an emerging market, provides good implications for risk eliminating nature of bank-intermediation. We, for the first time gather a manually collected data set from Turkish Banks' off-balance sheet items and investor presentations and build a model to capture the determinants of bank-intermediated trade finance in Türkiye. We employ ordinary least squares (OLS) regression on a panel data comprising thirty-three Turkish banks representing more than 95% of the sector's assets and eighty-one fiscal quarters from 2002 to 2022. Our contributions include a novel data set that is mostly hand-collected, a new model which tests the impact of balance-sheet, ownership, bank-type and uncertainty factors on LC issuance in Türkiye on micro-level as well as additional analyses that focus on crises and rating change periods. Our results suggest that capital, on-balance credits, deposits, branch number, ownership, bank type and uncertainty are important elements in the determination of LC supply in Türkiye. Moreover, our additional analyses show that banks with foreign shareholders tend to cut trade finance during crises, and the 2008 Global Financial Crisis had a long-term transformative impact on Turkish banks' trade finance intermediation
Enhancing Cybersecurity in Critical Infrastructure: Utilizing Random Forest Ai Model for Threat Detection
No full textSecuring critical infrastructures is essential to reducing risks in the rapidly evolving digital world. Traditional manual techniques of threat identification during cyberattacks are becoming less and less effective due to the limitations of human labor and the necessity for prompt responses. AI-based threat detection is a powerful solution that uses AI to identify, classify, and mitigate the effects of cyberattacks. Over the past five years, selecting appropriate AI and machine learning algorithms to evaluate threats in critical infrastructure protection has grown to be a significant challenge. Moreover, AI-driven threat detection must be seamlessly integrated into critical infrastructure cybersecurity. This work proposes a Supervised Learning model, a type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on a labeled dataset, called the Random Forest algorithm for threat detection. The procedure entails thorough preprocessing and data accumulation from the NSL-KDD vulnerabilities database. The Random Forest model, known for its reliability, analyzes refined data and is skilled in identifying current risks and forecasting future ones. The study showcases the high accuracy and reliability of the model, with an accuracy score of 99.90% and a false positive rate of less than 15% for every assault category. These results underscore the effectiveness of the research in producing a reliable and accurate cybersecurity model. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.European Commission, EC; Erasmus+, (101082683); Erasmus
The Impact of Financial Well-Being on Subjective Happiness, Innovativeness, and Personal Growth
No full textThis study examines the impact of the perceived personal financial condition (financial well-being, economic hardship, income change, and financial threat) on subjective happiness and depression and the influence of subjective happiness and depression on personal growth initiative and consumer innovativeness. The theoretical model that depended on the broadenand-build theory of positive emotions was tested on a consumer sample (n = 755) using hierarchical regression analyses. The findings supported the hypotheses and showed the significant impact of personal financial condition on happiness and depression. Financial well-being positively influences subjective happiness and reduces depression. Subjective happiness and depression lead to increased levels of consumer innovativeness and personal growth initiative. This study contributes to the literature by suggesting and empirically testing a comprehensive theoretical model that demonstrates the significant impact of personal financial condition on happiness and depression and, consequently, consumer innovativeness and personal growth initiative.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
A Quantum Information Thermodynamics Perspective on the Mpemba Effect
No full textMpemba etkisi, sıcak bir sistemin daha soğuk bir sisteme kıyasla daha hızlı soğuması olarak bilinen, sezgilere aykırı bir termodinamik olgudur ve hem klasik hem de kuantum sistemlerinde gözlemlenmiştir. Ancak, bu etkinin temel mekanizmaları hâlâ yeterince anlaşılamamıştır. Bu tezde, kuantum kaynak kuramları çerçevesinde, klasik ve kuantum ilintilerin anormal soğuma davranışlarındaki rolünü inceliyoruz. Yerel termal dengede bulunan çoklu kübit sistemleri üzerinden yapılan analizler sonucunda, klasik ilintilerin kendi başına Mpemba etkisini doğurabileceğini ortaya koyuyoruz. Öte yandan, kuantum ilintilerin etkisi belirli enerji dejenerasyonu koşullarında ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca, Markov olmayan bellek etkilerinin ve Hilbert uzayının boyutunun, bu etkinin hangi sıcaklık aralığında gözlemlendiğini belirlemede önemli bir rol oynadığını gösteriyoruz. Son olarak, sıvı su moleküllerini yedi seviyeli bir kuantum sistem olarak modelleyerek, sudaki özgün anormal soğuma davranışının da klasik ilintilerden kaynaklanabileceği olasılığını tartışıyoruz.The Mpemba effect, a counterintuitive thermodynamic phenomenon in which a hotter system cools more rapidly than a colder one, has been observed in both classical and quantum systems. However, its fundamental mechanisms remain inadequately understood. In this thesis, we investigate the role of classical and quantum correlations in driving anomalous relaxation behaviors within the framework of quantum resource theories. Through an analysis of multi-qubit systems in local thermal equilibrium, we establish that classical correlations alone can give rise to the Mpemba effect, while quantum correlations become relevant under specific energy degeneracy conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that non-Markovian memory effects and Hilbert space dimensionality play a crucial role in determining the temperature range over which this effect manifests. Finally, we discuss the possibility that the original anomalous cooling behavior observed in water may also arise from classical correlations, by modeling liquid water molecules as a seven-leveled quantum system
Sociospatial Dynamics of Workplace Discrimination Against LGBTI Plus Employees in Turkey: Systemic Implications, Discursive Patterns, and Legal Considerations
No full textIntroductionDiscrimination against LGBTI+ employees in Turkey is widespread and structurally embedded in the spatial and social organization of the workplace. In this study, we investigate the pervasive discrimination faced by LGBTI+ employees in Turkey's workplaces, focusing on how sociospatial dynamics shape these experiences. We draw from Henri Lefebvre's spatial triad-which conceptualizes space as comprising perceived (physical), conceived (institutional), and lived (experiential) dimensions-we examine how workplace environments reproduce and sustain cisnormativity and heteronormativity.MethodsWe conducted a critical interpretive content analysis of open-ended survey responses from 2695 LGBTI+ employees collected between 2015 and 2020 to uncover multifaceted discrimination across employment stages. This qualitative approach enabled the identification of recurring patterns of discrimination across different stages of employment. Inductive coding revealed three central domains: systemic implications, discursive patterns, and legal considerations.ResultsParticipants reported discrimination throughout all stages of employment, from recruitment to dismissal. Many felt pressure to deploy their identity strategically, often negatively impacting their mental health and job satisfaction. While concealment was a common coping strategy, it often failed to protect individuals from structurally embedded discrimination. The findings show how institutional norms, biased language, and legal shortcomings reinforce systemic exclusion. These dynamics demonstrate how perceived, conceived, and lived spaces converge to create hostile work environments for LGBTI+ individuals.ConclusionsThrough the sociospatial analysis, the study reveals how workplace discrimination against LGBTI+ employees in Turkey is deeply embedded through institutional norms, discriminatory discourses, and legal shortcomings that systematically reinforce cisnormative and heteronormative exclusion. The sociospatial organization of these workplaces creates a paradox where LGBTI+ employees become hypervisible targets of bias while remaining invisible in terms of legal protection, demonstrating how spatial dynamics perpetuate structural discrimination that current legal frameworks cannot adequately address.Policy ImplicationsLegal and institutional reforms are urgently needed to challenge heteronormative and cisnormative workplace structures. Explicit legal protections and inclusive organizational practices must be adopted to ensure equity and safety for LGBTI+ employees.Friedrich Naumann Stiftung [2015-2020]; Friedrich Naumann FoundationThe authors express their gratitude to the 2695 participants in "The Situation of LGBTI+ Employees in the Private and Public Sector" (2015-2020). We thank the Kaos GL Association for permission to use the survey data and the Friedrich Naumann Foundation for supporting this research