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The Making of the Turkish Civil Code
No full textThe adoption of the Turkish Civil Code based on the Swiss Civil Law on October 4, 1926, was probably the most important movement of the legal revolution that followed the Turkish Revolution. In other words, it was one of the most significant steps taken toward the modernization of Turkish society. The new Turkish State departed from its religious foundation and instead was built on secularism. These laws laid the blueprints for a new society by reconstituting the basis of private law through the introduction of new regulations in the laws of persons, inheritance, property, and family. Two major difficulties were encountered during the process of adopting this Civil Code. The first major difficulty was inherent in translation, initially arising from their translation and further complicated by the Turkish language reform in the 1930s. The second major difficulty was the resistance that the new Civil Code received as a result of its radical changes in the regulation of family law. However, we argue that Turkish society, which has a culture of its own, has over time adapted itself to these new laws. Therefore, a significant conclusion that can be drawn from the modernization process in Turkey is that civil law rules can be successfully adopted by a country even when they come from different cultures and societies. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd
Cinema and Humour as Social Criticism
No full textBu tez, mizahın bir toplumsal eleştiri yöntemi olarak sinemada nasıl kullanılabileceğini araştırıyor. Aynı zamanda, uygulamalı bir tez olarak bu yöntemleri yazdığım ve yönettiğim Sinek Gibi adlı kısa film üzerinden tartışıyor. Bu tartışmalar, şu sorular üzerinden yürütülüyor: (1) mizah teorileri nelerdir; (2) mizaha ideolojik yaklaşımlar nelerdir; ve (3) bu teoriler ve yaklaşımlar nasıl uygulanabilir? Bu sorulardan hareketle mizahın üç teorisi olarak üstünlük, uyumsuzluk ve rahatlama teorileri, seçili filmler aracılığıyla açıklanmış ve tartışılmıştır. Kısaca, üstünlük teorisi, insanların başkalarından üstün hissettiklerinde ortaya çıkan bir mizah çeşididir. Uyumsuzluk teorisi, beklenmedik veya çarpıcı olanla ilgilidir. Rahatlama teorisine göre ise, mizah, gerilimin serbest bırakılmasından kaynaklanır. Bu genellikle, kutsal veya tabu konuları içerir. Bunlarla beraber, yıkıcı, muhafazakar ve gayriihtiyari muhafazakar olarak kavramsallaştırılan üç ideolojik yaklaşım, filmler aracılığıyla açıklanmış ve tartışılmıştır. Kısaca, yıkıcı mizah, hegemonik güç ilişkilerine içkin olan kalıpları, normları ve değerleri sorgulamayı ve değiştirmeyi amaçlarken muhafazakar mizah, bunları korumayı hedefler. Gayriihtiyari muhafazakar mizah ise, aslında onları sorgulama niyeti taşısa da varolan güç ilişkilerini pekiştirir. Son olarak, kısa filmim 'Sinek Gibi' tezde tanıtılır ve bu mizah teorileri ve ideolojik yaklaşımlar, filmin bazı sahneleri aracılığıyla tartışılır. Tezin teorik ve pratik bileşenleri, toplumsal yapıları ve normları sorgulamak için mizahın uygun şekilde kullanmanın ne kadar önemli olduğunu vurgular. Anahtar Sözcükler: komedi, mizah, sinema, üstünlük, uyumsuzluk, rahatlama, muhafazakar, yıkıcı, gayriihtiyari muhafazakarThis thesis researches how humour can be employed for social criticism in cinema. As an applied thesis, it also tests these methods through a short film named Sinek Gibi (Squashed in English) which I wrote and directed. The research questions are (1) what the theories of humour are; (2) what are the ideological approaches to humour; and (3) how can these theories and approaches be employed in an applied filming. Accordingly, superiority, incongruity, and relief theories are explained and discussed through films as the three theories of humour. Briefly, it is argued that superiority theory concerns the type of humour when people develop a sense of humour when they feel superior to others. Incongruity theory concerns the improbable or outrageous. According to the relief theory, humour results from the release of tension. This usually concerns the holy, sacred, or taboo themes. Subversive, conservative, and unintentionally conservative categories are explained and discussed through films as the three ideological approaches to humour. Briefly, it is argued that subversive comedy strives to question and modify the stereotypes, power relations, norms that are embedded in hegemonic power relations. Conservative comedy aims to uphold the established social norms, values and power structures. Unintentionally conservative humour also reinforces the oppressive power structures while it originally carries the aim to challenge them. Finally, my short- film Sinek Gibi is introduced in the thesis. And these theories of humour and ideological approaches to humour are discussed through some of the scenes of the film. The theoretical and practical components of the thesis highlight how crucial it is to properly use comedy to question societal structures and norms. Keywords: Humour, superiority, incongruity, relief, conservative, unintentionally conservative comedy, subversive comed
A hybrid approach for latency and battery lifetime optimization in IoT devices through offloading and CNN learning
No full textOffloading assists in overcoming the resource constraints of specific elements, making it one of the primary technical enablers of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT devices with low battery capacities can use the edge to offload some of the operations, which can significantly reduce latency and lengthen battery lifetime. Due to their restricted battery capacity, deep learning (DL) techniques are more energy-intensive to utilize in IoT devices. Because many IoT devices lack such modules, numerous research employed energy harvester modules that are not available to IoT devices in real-world circumstances. Using the Markov Decision Process (MDP), we describe the offloading problem in this study. Next, to facilitate partial offloading in IoT devices, we develop a Deep Reinforcement learning (DRL) method that can efficiently learn the policy by adjusting to network dynamics. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is then offered and implemented on Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) devices to expedite learning. These two techniques operate together to offer the proper offloading approach throughout the length of the system's operation. Moreover, transfer learning was employed to initialize the Qtable values, which increased the system's effectiveness. The simulation in this article, which employed Cooja and TensorFlow, revealed that the strategy outperformed five benchmarks in terms of latency by 4.1%, IoT device efficiency by 2.9%, energy utilization by 3.6%, and job failure rate by 2.6% on average
Self-Efficacy Perceptions of Diabetes Nurses in Managing Their Patients' Sexuality-Related Issues
No full textBu tez, Türkiye'deki diyabet hemşirelerinin hastalarla cinsel sağlığı nasıl konuştuklarını incelemektedir. Araştırmanın temel amaçları, hemşirelerin hemşirelik mesleği öz yeterlilikleri ile genel öz yeterlilikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek ve hemşirelerin hemşirelik mesleği öz yeterliliklerinin cinsiyet rolü tutumları ile bütüncül sağlık yaklaşımları arasındaki ilişkiyi nasıl etkilediğini değerlendirmektir. Araştırmada nitel ve nicel yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Nitel görüşmeler 14 diyabet hemşiresi ile yarı yapılandırılmış bireysel telefon görüşmeleri şeklinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel veriler için Qualtrics panel anketleri kullanılmıştır. Demografik Bilgi Ölçeği, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği, Genel Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği, Bütünleştirici Tıp Tutum Anketi'nin İlişkiler faktörü ve Hemşirelik Mesleği Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği 55 diyabet hemşiresine uygulanmıştır. Nitel görüşmeler, cinsel sağlık konuşmalarını genellikle hastaların başlattığını göstermiştir. Hemşireler bu konuyu ele almanın önemini kabul etmekle birlikte, diyabet bakımında bu konuya sürekli olarak öncelik verilmediğini belirtmişlerdir. Nitel bulgular, eğitim ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmış ve hemşirelerin yaklaşımlarındaki karmaşıklık ve çelişkileri vurgulayarak hasta-hemşire iletişiminde güven oluşturmanın çok önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermiştir. Niceliksel olarak, çalışma hemşirelerin öz yeterlilikleri, cinsiyet rolü tutumları ve bütüncül sağlık yaklaşımları arasındaki ilişkileri incelemiş ve bu faktörlerle ilgili hipotezleri test etmiştir. Temel bulgular, genel ve hemşirelik mesleği öz yeterliliği arasında anlamlı bir pozitif korelasyon olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, genel öz yeterlilik, toplumsal cinsiyet tutumu ve bütüncül sağlık yaklaşımı ile pozitif yönde ilişkilidir. Hiyerarşik regresyon analizi, genel öz yeterliliğin hemşirelik öz yeterliliği üzerinde sınırlı bir etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, diyabet bakımında hemşire-hasta cinsel sağlık iletişiminin karmaşık dinamiklerini ve bu tartışmaları ve bakım kalitesini iyileştirmek için özel eğitim programları ve eğitim ihtiyacını vurgulamaktadır. Bu yüksek lisans tezi, diyabet hemşirelerinin cinselliğe bakışını incelemekte ve hasta merkezli bakımda bütüncül sağlığı vurgulamaktadır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Öz Yeterlilik, Hemşirelik Öz Yeterliliği, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutumu, Bütüncül Sağlık Yaklaşımı, Diyabet, Cinsel İletişimThis thesis examines how diabetes nurses in Turkey discuss sexual health with patients. The primary research objectives were to examine the correlation between nurses' nursing profession self-efficacy and their general self-efficacy and to assess how nurses' nursing profession self-efficacy influences the relationship between their gender role attitudes and holistic health approach. The research used qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative interviews with 14 diabetes nurses were semi-structured individual phone calls. Qualtrics panel surveys were used for quantitative data. The Demographic Information Scale, Gender Roles Attitude Scale, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, Integrative Medicine Attitude Questionnaire's Relationships factor, and Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale were administered to 55 diabetes nurses. Qualitative interviews with diabetes nurses in Turkey showed that patients often initiate sexual health discussions. Nurses acknowledged the importance of addressing this topic, but it was not consistently prioritized in diabetes care. The qualitative findings unveiled a need for further education and training and highlighted the complexities and contradictions in nurses' approaches, emphasizing the pivotal role of trust-building in patient-nurse communication. Quantitatively, the study examined the relationships between nurses' self-efficacy, gender role attitudes, and their holistic health approach, testing hypotheses related to these factors. Key findings indicate a significant positive correlation between general and nursing profession self-efficacy. Furthermore, general self-efficacy was positively correlated with gender attitude and holistic health approach. A hierarchical regression analysis revealed that general self-efficacy had a limited impact on nursing self-efficacy. These findings highlight the complex dynamics of nurse-patient sexual health communication in diabetes care and the need for specific educational programs and training to improve these discussions and care quality. This master's thesis examines diabetes nurses' sexuality views and emphasizes holistic health in patient-centered care. Keywords: Self-Efficacy, Nursing Self-Efficacy, Gender Roles Attitude, Holistic Health Approach, Diabetes, Sexual Communicatio
Studying Children's Object Interaction in Virtual Reality: a Manipulative Gesture Taxonomy for Vr Hand Tracking
No full textACM SIGCHI;Apple;Bloomberg;Google;NSF;SIEMENS2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2023 --23 April 2023 through 28 April 2023 -- --188037In this paper, we propose a taxonomy for the classification of children's gestural input elicited from spatial puzzle play in VR hand tracking. The taxonomy builds on the existing manipulative gesture taxonomy in human-computer interaction, and offers two main analytical categories; Goal-directed actions and Hand kinematics as complementary dimensions for analysing gestural input. Based on our study with eight children (aged between 7-14), we report the qualitative results for describing the categories for analysis and quantitative results for their frequency in occurring in children's interaction with the objects during the spatial task. This taxonomy is an initial step towards capturing the complexity of manipulative gestures in relation to mental rotation actions, and helps designers and developers to understand and study children's gestures as an input for object interaction as well as an indicator for spatial thinking strategies in VR hand tracking systems. © 2023 Owner/Author.Bilim Akademisi; International Science Council, ISCWe thank all the children who participated and contributed in this work voluntarily. We are also thankful to Dr. Is¸ıl Oygür İlhan for her valuable contribution in the data collection process, Bora Sezer for his support in using OzU VR Lab space, and Dr. Aslı Aktan Erciyes for providing feedback on the validity check of the quantitative data analysis. We also would like to thank Bilim Akademisi (Science Academy), a member of ALLEA (All European Academies) and a member organization of ISC (International Science Council), for partly funding this research project
Actively open- minded thinking and the political effects of its absence
No full text[No abstract available
Type Generating the Smooth Society
No full textBu çalışmanın konusu olan text2image jeneratörü Midjourney, Midjourney ekibi için insan altyapısı ile tasarımın kesiştiği noktada yeni düşünce ortamları geliştirmek ve insan türünün hayal gücünü genişletmek için bir araştırma laboratuvarı olarak hizmet ediyor. Öte yandan Midjourney, ortalama bir kullanıcının kültürel verileri günlük dilden kelimelerle manipüle etmesine olanak tanıyan üretken bir görüntü üretim yazılımı olması nedeniyle günlük yaşamda bir araç olarak önem kazanıyor. Midjourney, kullanıcı/yaratıcı ilişkileri, üretim için kullanılan bir sosyal mesajlaşma platformu ve dolayısıyla doğrudan iletişim yoluyla birbirine bağlı bir topluluk ve en popüler eserlerin yayınlandığı bir galeriden oluşan karmaşık bir ağ. Bu çalışma, Midjourney'nin bir görüntü üretimi yazılımı olarak işlevini görsel politik bir düzlemde anlamaya odaklanmakta ve ortaya çıkan estetiğin kimin estetiği olduğu sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. Bu soruyu cevaplamak için bir jeneratif sistem olan Midjourney, kullanıcısının konumunu ortaya çıkarmak için jeneratif sanatçıların bireysel üretim sistemleriyle karşılaştırıldı. Karşılaştırma sonucu ortaya çıkan sorular ise Byung Chul Han'ın pürüzsüzün estetiği kavramı üzerinden yorumlanmıştır.Text2image generator Midjourney, as the case of this study, primarily serves as a research laboratory for the Midjourney team to develop new mediums of thought at the intersection of human infrastructure and design to expand the imaginations of the human species. However, in everyday life, Midjourney gains significance as a medium in that it is a generative image production software that allows the average user to manipulate cultural data with words from everyday language. In the case of Midjourney, this network consists of a complex of user/creator relationships, a social messaging platform, and thus a community tied together through direct communication, and a gallery where the most popular works are published. This study focuses on comprehending the second function of a visual political plane and attempts to answer the following question: aesthetics of whom? In order to answer this question Midjourney as a generative system has been compared with former generative systems of individual artists in order to reveal the position of Midjourney user. The results have been interpreted through Byung Chul Han's concept of aesthetics of smooth
Babbling Through Social Media: a Cross-Country Study Mapping Out Social Networks Using Ewom Intentions
No full textThis research aims to determine the factors affecting the users’ electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) seeking and sharing intentions and to reveal the interactions among and within clusters using social network analysis (SNA). This study includes three hierarchical sub-studies conducted in two countries, Turkey and Poland. First, we develop a segmentation for social networking site (SNS) users based on the frequency of sharing product-related information on SNSs. Second, we investigate the impact of several factors that affect eWOM seeking and sharing intentions using regression analysis. In the second sub-study, we also include the identified segments developed in the first sub-study as another factor that may have differentiated eWOM intentions. Third, to understand the degree of interaction among SNS users, we apply an SNA using the forecasted eWOM intentions scores from the second sub-study, which gives us hypothetical social networks. The results of SNA present strong interactions inter- and intra-clusters in both countries. Some key findings include the identification of three SNS user segments, including “Middlers,” that may be of particular interest to brands. We also find that in terms of eWOM intentions, users in Turkey are more active than in Poland. Although some predictors of eWOM seeking and sharing intentions differ between the two countries, users intend to be more active in eWOM seeking than in eWOM sharing. The comparative study provides valuable insights for decision-makers to engage different market segments via SNSs with various proposed features using suggested information contents for selected product categories
A Scalable Unsupervised Feature Selection With Orthogonal Graph Representation for Hyperspectral Images
No full textFeature selection (FS) is essential in various fields of science and engineering, from remote sensing to computer vision. Reducing data dimensionality by removing redundant features and selecting the most informative ones improves machine learning algorithms' performance, especially in supervised classification tasks, while lowering storage needs. Graph-embedding (GE) techniques have recently been found efficient for FS since they preserve the geometric structure of the original feature space while embedding data into a low-dimensional subspace. However, the main drawback is the high computational cost of solving an eigenvalue decomposition problem, especially for large-scale problems. This article addresses this issue by combining the GE framework and representation theory for a novel FS method. Inspired by the high-dimensional model representation (HDMR), the feature transformation is assumed to be a linear combination of a set of univariate orthogonal functions carried out in the GE framework. As a result, an explicit embedding function is created, which can be utilized to embed out-of-samples into low-dimensional space and provide a feature relevance score. The significant contribution of the proposed method is to divide an -dimensional generalized eigenvalue problem into small-sized eigenvalue problems. With this property, the computational complexity (CC) of the GE is significantly reduced, resulting in a scalable FS method, which could be easily parallelized too. The performance of the proposed method is compared favorably to its counterparts in high-dimensional hyperspectral image (HSI) processing in terms of classification accuracy, feature stability, and computational time.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUEBITAK) [217E032, 1001]; European Research Council (ERC) through the ERC Synergy Grant Project Understanding and Modeling the Earth System with Machine Learning (USMILE) [855187]This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUEBITAK)-1001 under Project 217E032. The work of Gustau Camps-Valls was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) through the ERC Synergy Grant Project Understanding and Modeling the Earth System with Machine Learning (USMILE) under Grant 855187.& nbsp