e-Jurnal Poltekkes Tanjungkarang
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Identifikasi Taenia solium secara Mikroskopis pada Peternakan Babi
Get PDFTaenia solium is a zoonosis found all over the world, especially in developing countries. T solium can cause taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. Pigs as intermediate hosts can be infected with T solium which causes porcine cysticercosis. T solium can infect muscle, skin, eye, and brain tissue which can develop into neurocysticercosis. Neurocysticercosis is the cause of 30% of cases of epilepsy in the world. In Denpasar city, pigs are one type of livestock. A large number of pig farms and the Balinese’s people's habit of consuming pork is one of the sources of T solium infection. This research was conducted to determine T solium eggs in pig feces. The study was conducted microscopically on 31 samples with simple random sampling technique. The results showed that of the 31 samples examined, 54.8% (17 samples) were positive for T solium eggs. This indicates that the pig farms in Denpasar city have been infected with T solium. Pig farming in Denpasar city was done traditionally and kept indoors. However, the breeders pay less attention to pig health and environmental sanitation. Also, pigs are slaughtered privately by breeders because there are no slaughterhouses. Lack of supervision of pork circulating in the community is also the cause of T solium infection. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out supervision by the local government on pig farms as well as supervision of pork consumed by the public to prevent and eradicate T solium infection
Literature Review: Gizi Antenatal terhadap Kejadian Stunting
Get PDFThe period of pregnancy is one of the two causes of stunting. Nutritional intake during pregnancy is necessary for the growth and development of the organs that are being formed. The purpose of this literature review is to analyze the factors that cause stunting originating from pregnancy in terms of antenatal nutrition. This study is a literature review which is a primary data research article on antenatal nutrition on stunting conducted in Indonesia. The data source used is in the form of journal publications with research locations in Indonesia. Search for articles using a search engine with databases on Google Scholar and Garuda Portal. Keywords in English and Indonesian, include nutrition, pregnant women, stunting, nutrition, antenatal, pregnancy. Obtained 5 articles that fit the inclusion criteria then synthesized the data. The results showed that the factors causing stunting originating from the period of pregnancy in terms of antenatal nutrition consisted of protein, energy, and iron. One of the actions that can be taken to avoid deficiency of these nutritional elements during pregnancy is by providing education to pregnant women to pay attention to nutritional intake during pregnancy
Angka Kuman serta Upaya Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi di Ruang Operasi dan Ruang ICU Beberapa Rumah Sakit di Kota Bandar Lampung
Get PDFProgram Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi (PPI) di rumah sakit harus dijalankan untuk mencegah dan mengurangi kejadian infeksi pada setiap orang yang berada di rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui angka kuman dan pelaksanaan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi (PPI) di ruang operasi dan ruang ICU beberapa rumah sakit di Kota Bandar Lampung. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif.  Pengambilan data dengan cara pemeriksaan angka kuman dan wawancara mendalam pada partisipan di ruang operasi dan ruang ICU rumah sakit. Hasil penelitian untuk angka kuman di ruang operasi, masih ditemukan melebihi standar yang seharusnya pada satu rumah sakit. Sedangkan angka kuman di ruang ICU sudah memenuhi standar. Hasil  wawancara dengan partisipan di ruang operasi dan ICU menunjukkan bahwa di ketiga rumah sakit telah terbentuk Tim PPI, dengan tugas utamanya sebagai pengawasan dan monitoring pelaksanaan PPI. Sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung terlaksananya kegiatan ini telah tersedia dan mencukupi, seperti APD, sabun cuci tangan, hand rub, wastafel, air mengalir dan pelaksanaan sterilisasi alat-alat serta sterilisasi ruang operasi. Namun demikian kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang harus dilakukan oleh perawat sebelum dan setelah melakukan tindakan masih belum seratus persen, serta pengisian lembar surveilen belum diisi setiap hari
FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN DIARE PADA ANAK BALITA DI DESA HAJIMENA KECAMATAN NATAR KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN TAHUN 2019
Get PDFThe diarrhea morbidity rate in the working area of the Hajimena Health Center tends to increase from year to year. During the last two years, the highest incidence of diarrheal disease was in the 1-4 year age group. This study aims to determine the relationship between environmental factors and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five. This study used a cross-sectional design. The research population was all children under five (1-5 years) in Hajimena Village, South Lampung Regency, 1,052 people. The sample in this study was 101 toddlers who were selected randomly—collecting data by observation and interviews. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using the Chi-Square test. The results of this study indicate a significant relationship between diarrhea in children under five with waste disposal facilities (p-value = 0.010) and waste water disposal facilities (p-value = 0.001). Meanwhile, clean water facilities and family latrine facilities, in this study, did not show a significant relationship. Increased knowledge and skills of the community in managing household waste is needed in an effort to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in children under five.Â
GAMBARAN BIONOMIK NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI DI KELURAHAN PERUMNAS WAY KANDIS KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Get PDFPenyakit Demam Berdarah (DBD) disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus. Hasil pemeriksaan jentik di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Way Kandis tahun 2014 dan 2015, diketahui House Index (HI) sebesar 17% dan 11%, menunjukkan kepadatan jentik yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran bionomik nyamuk Ae. aegypti.Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Perumnas Way Kandis pada bulan Juni-Juli 2016. Populasi adalah seluruh rumah sebanyak 1.527 rumah. Sampel dipilih secara acak proporsional, sebanyak 94. Variabel yang diteliti adalah perilaku mencari tempat perindukan (jenis kontainer, bahan kontainer, letak kontainer, warna kontainer, suhu ruangan, kelembaban udara, intensitas cahaya), dan perilaku nyamuk dalam mencari tempat peristirahatan (letak atau tempat, suhu ruangan, kelembaban udara dan intensitas cahaya).Hasil penelitian mendapatkan indeks kepadatan jentik secara berurutan HI=31,9%, CI=44,4 % dan BI=59,6%. Tempat yang paling disukai nyamuk Ae. aegypti untuk berkembang biak adalah kontainer jenis bak mandi/wc, berbahan dasar plastik, berwarna gelap, berada di dalam rumah, suhu ruangan sekitar 29,54°C, kelembaban udara sekitar 76,29%, dan intensitas cahaya sekitar 46,50 lux. Sedangkan tempat peristirahatan yang paling disukai berada di dalam rumah, suhu ruangan sekitar 29,46°C, kelembaban udara sekitar 76%, intensitas cahaya sekitar 62,30 lux.Perlu peningkatan kegiatan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) melalui gerakan 3M (Menguras- Menutup-Mengubur). Peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat dalam pengelolaan lingkungan menjadi perhatian utama dalam keberhasilan program pengendalian penyakit DBD
Optimasi Penggunaan Faktor Eksposi Pemeriksaan Ossa Manus dengan Kualitas Citra Objektif dan Subjektif
Get PDFIn producing a good radiographic image, an optimization method is needed. This study was conducted to seek optimization of the radiographic examination of the manus ossa with objective and subjective image quality analysis. The research method is quantitative experimental, using a variety of exposure factors: 40kV 4 mAs, 40kV 10 mAs, 46 kV 5 mAs, 53 kV 2,5 mAs, 61kV 1,25 mAs. Then an objective quality analysis is carried out by measuring the pixels value, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), and the Exposure Index (EI) value as an indicator of exposure. For subjective image analysis with the assessment of image anatomy criteria using the method Visual Grading Analysis (VGA), then the test was carried out Wilcoxon to determine the relationship of respondents to VGA assessment. The results of the study obtained that the optimization method of the examination manus ossa at the exposure factor of 46 kV 5 mAs with the results of an objective image quality analysis of the range of pixel value 183,7 - 3, the SNR range of 12,2-1,77 while the subjective image quality analysis of the results VGA all images on a variety of exposure factors can be used in establishing a diagnosis. For the exposure indicator with the lowest EI at an exposure factor of 46 kV 5 mAs. The results of the Wilcoxon p-value>0,05 so that there was no difference in the VGA value by 2 radiographers, therefore all image results on variations in exposure factors could be used in the radiographic examination of the ossa manus
Literature Review: Rencana Perawatan pada Gigi Anomali Anatomi Microdontia
Get PDFMicrodontia is a tooth size abnormality that indicates a smaller than normal tooth size, it can also be accompanied by deformities, namely with a cone or cone shape. The role of restoration in dentistry must fulfill various aspects, namely aesthetic needs and functions. This literature aims to provide information and an overview of the selection of the right treatment for patients with microdontia anatomical anomalies. Denture crown treatment is expected to meet consumer satisfaction in terms of aesthetics, phonation and mastication. Denture crowns or crowns can be made of several materials, namely metal, composite, acrylic and porcelain, besides a combination of the two materials such as metal-porcelain or what is often called porcelain fused to metal (PFM). PFM is used to restore severe tooth decay to protect the remaining tooth tissue structure, maintain occlusion and provide aesthetic value
Efek Samping Terapi Antiretroviral dan Kepatuhan Berobat Penderita HIV/AIDS
Get PDFAntiretroviral treatment side-effects and patient compliance with medical instructions continue to be a growing challenge for HIV/AIDS patients. Arv therapy has resulted in a substantial intervention that has been successful in preventing transmission and opportunistic infection. The main objective of this study was to analyze the association between side-effects of ARV therapy and medication adherence as well as another potential confounding such as opportunistic infection, family support, stress level, knowledge of ARV, marital status, and occupation. This study is a quantitative approach by using cross-sectional methods. A total of 244 respondents from 1.180 patients with confirmed HIV registered in the Care Support and Treatment (CST) service and Sriwijaya Community in the City of Palembang to respond to the survey. Non-random sampling was used to collect the samples. As the result, the majority of the respondents were male (84,43 %), ≥30 years old (57,4%), and secondary school graduates (52%). After adjusting with stress and opportunistic infection variable, a Multivariate regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between side effects and medication adherence (p-value of 0,041; 0,05), OR Adj 2,131 (1,190-4,988). PLHV who had adverse effects had a 2.131 times worse adherence rate than those who did not. In conclusion, medication adherence must be greatly improved in light of therapeutic side effects, stress levels, and opportunistic infection
Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Kulit dan Kayu Sakit Ranting Sengon Terhadap Bakteri dan Jamur
Get PDFPenyakit infeksi masih banyak diderita oleh masyarakat di negara berkembang dan resistensi antimikroba tidak dapat dihindari. Maka, diperlukan alternatif antimikroba yang diharapkan dapat menekan angka resistensi antimikroba. Bahan-bahan alami seperti tumbuhan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif antimikroba, salah satunya adalah tanaman sengon (Falcataria moluccana). Penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa ekstrak kulit dan kayu sakit ranting sengon dengan pelarut etil asetat dan ekstrak kulit sehat ranting sengon dengan pelarut n-heksana mengandung senyawa fitokimia (metabolit sekunder) yang berpotensi sebagai antimikroba. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak tersebut terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentriae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Candida albicans. Konsentrasi yang digunakan masing-masing ekstrak adalah 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, dan 11%. Metode pengujian aktivitas antimikroba yang digunakan adalah metode difusi dengan kertas cakram (kirby-baueur). Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak uji dapat menghambat hampir semua pertumbuhan mikroba uji, kecuali K. pneumoniae dan E. coli. Aktivitas antimikroba tertinggi diperoleh dari ekstrak kulit sakit ranting sengon dengan pelarut etil asetat pada konsentrasi 11% terhadap P. mirabilis dengan diameter zona hambat 10.3 m
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang “Isi Piringku†dengan Kejadian Stunting Anak Balita Usia 12-59 Bulan
Get PDFA toddler is an age group that is prone to nutrition and disease. The handling of stunting in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province is a priority in Bangka Regency. Mendo Village has the highest percentage of stunting, which is 17,7%. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship mother's knowledge about Isi Piringku with the nutritional status of children aged 12-59 months in Mendo Village, Mendo Barat Subdistrict. The design of this study was a cross-sectional study which was conducted in Mendo Village, Mendo Barat Subdistrict. The number of samples used was 96 mothers and toddlers aged 12-59 months Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with chi-square statistical tests. The results of this study are More toddler mothers have good knowledge about Isi Piringku is 64,6% (62 people), while the nutritional status of stunting toddlers is 6% (6 people). There is no correlation between mother's knowledge about Isi Piringku with the nutritional status of children age 12-59 months in Mendo Village, Mendo Barat Subdistrict with a p-value=0,125 (p-value>0,05). This happens because the respondent has toddlers with normal nutritional status but the respondent has less knowledge about Isi Piringku, and vice versa being influenced by economic factors/work, education, age, and environment