e-Jurnal Poltekkes Tanjungkarang
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Mikroplastik sebagai Kontaminan Anyar dan Efek Toksiknya terhadap Kesehatan
Get PDFMicroplastics are synthetic polymers that are unable to be completely degraded and will stay as an environmental contaminant for a long period of time. Due to their microscopic size, microplastics are able to enter the human body, either directly or indirectly via the food chain, where both processes will induce pathological changes in-vivo. So far, clinically, there has been no direct evidence yet about any microplastic-related disease in humans. However, since Indonesia is a maritime country and has been producing microplastics on a large scale, it is critical for our healthcare personnel to have the knowledge about microplastic toxicokinetics and the possible pathological responses elicited by humans when exposed to microplastics. This review article aims to discuss the definition, genesis, accumulation process, toxicokinetics, and pathological responses due to microplastic exposure, emphasizing the biomolecular aspects and implying the possible effects on public health. An internet search in Google Scholar and Pubmed was performed using keywords "microplastics" and "health", as well as their Indonesian language counterparts. Full-text English or Indonesian text from the year 2018 to 2020 were gathered and used as the primary references for this literature review. Microplastics are a novel emerging contaminant that is currently accumulating in the earth's biomass with the potency to induce pathological changes in the human body. Health practitioners are expected to have knowledge about the harm of microplastic to humans. Eventually, follow-up acts should be taken to prevent and manage the microplastic-related pathologies as discussed further in this review
PENDIDIKAN BERKELANJUTAN NONFORMAL BAGI KEPALA RUANGAN DI RUMAH SAKIT
Get PDFData tentang leadership kepala ruangan yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya persepsi yang kurang terhadap kemampuan leadership dan quality control, hal tersebut merupakan bagian dari standar kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh kepala ruangan. Pelaksanaan pendidikan bagi kepala ruangan belum optimal dan belum berkesinambungan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan penelitian survei. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan Survei dalam bentuk kuesioner. Data penelitian dianalisis untuk mendiagnosis masalah dan merumuskan metode pemecahannya. Rumusan masalah yang didapat adalah belum optimalnya program pendidikan berkelanjutan bagi kepala ruangan. Penyelesaian masalah berupa Kegiatan dengan metode pendekatan action research yaitu dengan menerapkan metode pelatihan berbasis kurikulum yang disusun sesuai dengan standar kompetensi kepala ruangan dengan jumlah peserta pelatihan sebanyak 112 peserta. Hasil dari action research ini menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dari kepala ruangan. Evaluasi melalui pre dan post test tentang materi pelatihan yang sudah diberikan. Nilai rata-rata pre dan post test peserta meningkat dari rata-rata 53.88 menjadi 80.36, meningkat 26.48 poin
PENILAIAN SARANA PRODUKSI PANGAN DI INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA DAPUR ENY KOTA DEPOK TAHUN 2021
Get PDFMakanan dan minuman yang diproduksi dengan cara yang tidak memenuhi ketentuan dapat membahayakan kesehatan. Untuk menjamin keamanan pangan yang beredar, diperlukan penilaian dan pengawasan terhadap seluruh industri pangan, termasuk industri pangan rumah tangga. Penelitian bertujuan melakukan penilaian sarana produksi pangan rumah tangga berdasarkan Peraturan Kepala BPOM nomor HK.03.1.23.04.12.2207 tahun 2012. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2021, dengan observasi dan wawancara untuk menilai sarana produksi pangan di industri rumah tangga pangan (IRTP) Dapur Eny. Penilaian dilakukan terhadap 14 komponen, dan pemeriksaan kualitas mikrobiologi air. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian, selanjutnya dilakukan penentuan level IRTP. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan tiga kategori ketidak sesuaian, yaitu minor pada komponen pencatatan dan dokumentasi; mayor pada kesehatan dan higiene karyawan, dan pemeliharaan dan program higiene dan sanitasi; serta kategori serius adalah bangunan dan fasilitas, peralatan produksi, dan pengendalian proses. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian, maka IRTP Dapur Eny masuk dalam level III, sehingga harus dilakukan audit internal setiap dua minggu. Penilaian IRTP pada dasarnya untuk menjamin keamanan pangan yang beredar di masyarakat, serta meningkatkan kualitas produksi dan perusahaan
Pengaruh Media Irene’s Donut terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Ibu dalam Mencegah Karies Gigi pada Anak Prasekolah
Get PDFCaries are a common dental health problem in children. There are four causes of caries, namely host (host), agent (microflora), environment (substrate), and time. Individual counseling methods such as Irene's Donut method can lead parents to educate their children in maintaining dental health habits from an early age. This method aims to make parents aware of the risk factors for caries and provide a menu on how to deal with caries disease, in hope that it can empower the community to be independent. Dental health behavior includes knowledge, attitudes, and actions related to the concept of healthy and the prevention efforts for toothache. This type of research uses a quasi-experimental with a one-group pre-test post-test research design. The population and sample in this study were kindergarten students in the District of Ilir Barat I Palembang City. The number of samples was 68 pairs of students and mothers with a total of 136 with the random sampling technique. The data obtained were tested using the T-test analysis, used when the data is normally distributed. The results showed that there were differences in maternal knowledge and behavior before and after counseling with Irene's Donuts media. Irene's Donuts media is effective in increasing the knowledge and behavior of mothers in preventing dental caries in children in Kindergarten, Ilir Barat I District, Palembang City
Efektifitas Metode Simulasi terhadap Pengetahuan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Santri
Get PDFThe causes of dental and oral health problems in the community include the behavior of ignoring dental and oral hygiene. This is due to a lack of knowledge about the importance of maintaining oral and dental hygiene. Dental health promotion needs to be done to change behavior so that it can reduce the number of people with dental and oral diseases. Aims this study is to know the effect of dental health promotion with the simulation method on the level of knowledge of students at the Darul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in 2021. The type of research used was quasi-experimental. This research method uses a pre-experimental approach with a one-group pre and post-test design approach. This design attempts to reveal a causal relationship by involving the experimental group. The sample in this study were students of SMP Pondok Pesantren Darul Hidayah with a total sample of 50 people. Research Results Before the simulation was given, there were 4 students (8%), students who had sufficient knowledge were 12 people (24%), and students who had good knowledge were 34 people (68%), After being given the simulation there was less knowledge 1 person (2%), students who have sufficient knowledge are 7 people (14%), and students who have good knowledge are 42 people (84%). Correlation test results obtained a p-value=0.012 which means there is a significant effect between dental health promotion with the simulation method on the level of knowledge of students.Â
Perilaku Petani Hortikultura terhadap Paparan Pestisida
Get PDFHorticultural crop farmers are a population at risk for pesticide poisoning, which in the long run will cause anemia. The purpose of the study was to determine the behavior of horticultural farmers in Gisting District, Tanggamus Regency in spraying pesticides. This research design uses a qualitative descriptive method with a phenomenological approach. Informants in this study were horticultural agricultural workers who were taken purposively in the production of horticultural crops, community leaders as well as agricultural and health officers, namely Pekon Campang, Gisting District, Tanggamus Regency. The interview technique used is Focus Group Discussion (FGD) or Terarah Group Discussion (DKT) for agricultural workers and in-depth. In principle, the behavior of farmers using pesticides is still not good, such as how to spray pesticides, including the management of used pesticide containers and not using proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). However, with the support of community leaders, including the head of the village (village), they made efforts to prevent poisoning. The health office should pay special attention to this area (Pekon Campang) for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and toddlers who are at risk of being affected by pesticide poisoning, either directly or indirectly
Beban Kerja Psikologis Perawat Pasien Covid-19: Metode NASA-TLX
Get PDFCovid-19 with a very fast transmission rate and requires serious treatment from medical personnel, especially nurses in hospitals, which results in long-term psychological disorders. This research analyzes the psychological workload of nurses for Covid-19 patients at Polewali Mandar District Hospital. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach in which data is collected using the NASA-TLX questionnaire through interviews. The sample in this study was nurses for Covid-19 patients at the Polewali Mandar District Hospital by purposive sampling, totaling 45 people. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis to analyze the psychological workload of nurses for Covid-19 patients through WWL calculations. The calculation of the NASA-TLX score, overall the nurses of Covid-19 patients at Polewali Mandar Hospital was in the category with a moderate level of psychological workload with an average WWL (weighted workload) of 63.32. Based on the graph, the six elements in the final score that affect the NASA-TLX calculation are Mental Demand (MD) with an average score of 239, and Temporal Demand (TD) with an average score of 164. It is concluded that psychological workload plays an important role in a very large role in carrying out work, especially for Covid-19 nurses at Polewali Hospital
Hubungan Usia dan Status Gizi dengan Enzim Cholinesterase pada Pekerja Industri Pembuatan Bahan Baku Cat di Surabaya
Get PDFThe additive is one component of paint that inhibits the growth of bio-organisms in the finished paint product with pesticide-like properties. Workers in the manufacture of paints are one of the populations that are at risk of being exposed to heavy metals and pesticides, which enter the workers through inhalation for a long time continuously. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between the age of workers and the nutritional status of the Cholinesterase enzyme in workers in one of the paint raw material industries in Surabaya. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a sample of 89 workers. The variables in this study were age, nutritional status values as measured by BMI values, and cholinesterase enzyme activity. The correlation test results using a nonparametric test, namely the Spearman correlation test. The correlation results show no significance between age and CHE levels (p-value=0.376) and that there is a relationship between BMI and CHE levels (p-value=0.003). It is recommended for future researchers to add research variables including the influence of the length of work, work habits including smoking habits and exercise as well as the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) while working
Evaluasi Waktu Layanan dan Kepuasan Pengguna Terhadap Penggunaan Orange Sistem Informasi laboratorium di Puskesmas Sukaraja
Get PDFPenggunaan sistem informasi pada pelayanan kesehatan khususnya laboratorium sangat diperlukan untuk menyajikan data yang tepat, akurat dan jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan waktu layananan laboratorium (pra analitik, analitik dan pasca analitik) dan kepuasan pengguna terhadap penggunaan Orange Sistem Informasi laboratorium (OSIL) yang telah dibuat pada penelitian sebelumnya pada tahun 2021 untuk meningkatkan pelayanan laboratorium di Puskesmas Sukaraja Kota Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini bersifat deskripsi analitik dengan responden sebanyak 50 responden sebelum digunakan OSIL dan 50 responden setelah digunakan OSIL dan penilaian dilakukan oleh ATLM sebagai pengguna OSIL. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuisoner dan observasi sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji T. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pemakaian aplikasi OSIL memiliki dampak baik pada parameter waktu akses riwayat hasil laboratorium (
Studi Fenomenologi: Pengalaman Psikologis Pasien Diabetes Melitus dengan DFU (Diabetic Foot Ulcer) Pasca Amputasi
Get PDFLatar Belakang: Pasien DFU sering menghadapi masalah psikologis akibat kehilangan anggota tubuh pasca menjalani amputasi, pasien melaporkan merasa depresi, frustrasi, dan merasa tidak berdaya saat mereka berusaha untuk sembuh pasca amputasi yang berdampak pada kesejahteraan hidup pasien. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah tujuh orang yang merupakan pasien DFU yang telah menjalani amputasi di 3 rumah sakit di Kota Padang yaitu RSUP M. Djamil Padang, RSI Ibnu Sina, dan RST Reksodiwiryo, dan salah satu Pusat Perawatan Luka dan Stoma Padang. Hasil: Hasil analisis data menghasilkan tiga tema, yaitu dampak emosional, gangguan citra tubuh dan harga diri rendah, dan adaptasi diri terhadap kehilangan. Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa amputasi ekstremitas bawah memberikan dampak psikologis yang berkaitan dengan perubahan yang terjadi setelah amputasi. Partisipan menggambarkan hal tersebut dengan mengungkapkan kesedihan, perasaan cemas, takut, marah, penyesalan, harga diri rendah, gangguan citra tubuh dan kaget dengan kondisi mereka pasca amputasi, sehingga berdampak pada penurunan kesejahteraan hidup partisipan.
Abstract: Phenomenology Study: Psychological Experiences of DFU (Diabetic Foot Ulcer) Patients Following Amputation
Background: DFU patients often face problems due to the loss of limbs after treatment, patients report experiencing depression, and feeling helpless when they try to recover after amputation which has an impact on the patient's well-being. Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The participants in this study were seven people who were DFU patients who had undergone amputation at 3 hospitals in the city of Padang, namely M. Djamil Hospital Padang, Ibnu Sina Hospital, and Reksodiwiryo RST, and one of the Padang Wound and Stoma Treatment Centers. Results: The results of data analysis produced three themes, namely emotional impact, impaired body image, low self-esteem, and self-defeat to loss. Conclusion: This study shows that lower extremity amputation has a psychological impact related to changes that occur after amputation. Participants described this by expressing anxiety, fear, anger, regret, body image disturbance, and surprise with their condition after living well-being so that it impacted their welfare