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Kinerja Membran Mikrofiltrasi Untuk Menjadikan Air Olahan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Rumah Sakit Menjadi Air Bersih
No full textProblems arise when there are tax fees on groundwater use by hospitals. This will, of course, burden the hospital's operational costs. The solution to reducing groundwater use is the use of microfiltration membranes. Microfiltration membranes can be used to recycle wastewater into clean water so that it can be collected and used for cleaning, washing, and watering gardens. They can reduce groundwater taxes and hospital groundwater use. The research objectives are to know the efficiency of reducing wastewater recycling equipment from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) outlet using a microfiltration membrane. The research methodology used was a quasi-experiment in laboratories and workshops, with a pre-test (before treatment) and post-test (after treatment) design. Stage one Microfiltration Membrane is a medium for processing wastewater into clean water in the first stage. Stage two, Microfiltration Membrane, is a medium for processing wastewater into clean water. In the second stage, it ensures that clean water quality is met. The results that the efficiency of reducing the wastewater recycling equipment from the WWTP outlet using Microfiltration Membrane for pH 7%, Temperature 6%, Turbidity 64%, Colour 85%, Dissolved Solids (TDS) 40%, Nitrate 70%, Nitrite 94%, dissolved Iron (Fe) 33%, Manganese 60%, Cadmium 50%, Lead 43%, Fluoride 46%, Cyanide 96%, Hardness (CaCO3) 11%. In conclusion, all the parameters studied experienced a decrease in concentration. This research suggests conducting further research to reduce the current research discharge so that the parameter reduction can be more significant.Permasalahan timbul ketika ada biaya pajak pada penggunan air tanah oleh rumah sakit. Hal ini tentu saja akan membebani biaya operasional dari rumah sakit, karena dewasa ini Surat Izin Pengusahaan Air Tanah (SIPA) diwajibkan kepada pihak yang memanfaatkan air tanah.Mempunyai konsekuensi membayar pajak air tanah tiap tahunnya.
Solusi mengurangi penggunaan air tanah adalah pemanfaatan membran mikrofiltrasi. Membran mikrofiltasi dapat digunakan untuk daur ulang air limbah menjadi air bersih sehingga dapat ditampung dan digunakan untuk keperluan kebersihan, pencucian dan penyiraman taman sehingga dapat mengurangi pajak air tanah dan mengurangi penggunaan air tanah oleh rumah sakit.
Tujuan penelitian : 1) Mengetahui kualitas awal parameter fsik, kimia air bersih 2) Mengetahui kinerja filter pasir silika dalam menurunkan parameter fsik, kimia air bersih 3) Mengetahui kinerja membran mikrofiltasi tahap 1 dalam mengolah air limbah menjadi air bersih pada parameter fisik, kimia 4) Mengetahui kinerja membran mikrofiltasi tahap 2 dalam mengolah air limbah menjadi air bersih pada parameter fisik, kimia.
Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen semu yang dilakukan di laboratorium dan bengkel kerja, dengan rancangan pre test (sebelum perlakuan) dan pos test (setelah perlakuan).
Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut : 1) Rata-rata kualitas Air Outlet IPAL parameter fisik, kimia dan mikrobiologi tidak memenuhi syarat sebagai air bersih, 2) Rata-rata kualitas air
kimia dan mikrobiologi tidak memenuhi syarat sebagai air bersih 3) Rata-rata kualitas air olahan Membran Mikrofiltrasi Tahap 1sudah memenuhi syarat air bersih 4) Rata-rata kualitas air olahan Membran Mikrofiltrasi Tahap 2 sudah memenuhi syarat air bersih.
Saran dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut dilaksanakan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menurunkan debit penelitian yang di pakai sekarang agar penurunan Parameter Fisik dapat lebih signifikan
Health Belief Model Theory Approach to Analyze Pregnant Women's Ability to Prevent Anemia
Get PDFOne of the nutritional problems that often occurs in pregnant women is anemia. The inability of pregnant women to prevent anemia needs to be predicted based on various factors using the Health Belief Model theory. The research aims to analyze the mother's ability to prevent pregnancy anemia using the theoretical approach of the Health Belief Model. The quantitative research method, with a cross-sectional approach, was carried out at the Arosbaya Bangkalan Community Health Center from May to August 2023. The sampling technique was determined using simple random sampling with a sample size of 101 respondents. Data analysis used the Chi-Square Test. Statistical test results perceived susceptibility (ρ=0.000), perceived severity (ρ=0.007), perceived benefits (ρ=0.000), perceived barrier (ρ=1.000) and self-efficacy (ρ=0.028). The research conclusion is that perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy influence the ability of pregnant women to prevent anemia. In contrast, perceived barriers do not affect the ability of pregnant women to prevent anemia.One of the nutritional problems that often occurs in pregnant women is anemia. The inability of pregnant women to prevent anemia needs to be predicted based on various factors using the Health Belief Model theory. The research aims to analyze the mother's ability to prevent pregnancy anemia using the theoretical approach of the Health Belief Model. The quantitative research method, with a cross-sectional approach, was carried out at the Arosbaya Bangkalan Community Health Center from May to August 2023. The sampling technique was determined using simple random sampling with a sample size of 101 respondents. Data analysis used the Chi-Square Test. Statistical test results perceived susceptibility (Ï=0.000), perceived severity (Ï=0.007), perceived benefits (Ï =0.000), perceived barrier (Ï=1.000) and self-efficacy (Ï=0.028). The research conclusion is that perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy influence the ability of pregnant women to prevent anemia. In contrast, perceived barriers do not affect the ability of pregnant women to prevent anemia
The Application of Al-Qahtani Method for Dental Age Estimation of Down Syndrome Children
Get PDFDental age estimation is one of the methods in the forensic dental examination. Dental age estimates are often carried out to complete the victim's identity using methods from experts such as Al-Qahtani. There have been many studies related to estimating tooth age using the Al-Qahtani method in normal humans but not in human subjects with special needs, such as children with down syndrome. This study aims to determine the estimated dental age using the Al-Qahtani method in children with down syndrome and to differentiate between chronological age and dental age in children with down syndrome. This research is a cross-sectional study. The research subjects were 13 children with down syndrome who attended special schools in the Jember Regency and met the sample criteria. Tooth age estimation is done by matching the results of panoramic radiographs with the Al-Qahtani Atlas. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, Levene's Test, and paired sample T-Test. Estimating dental age using the Al-Qahtani method shows varying dental age values, and there is a delay in the dental age of boys compared to girls with down syndrome. The dental age of all research subjects was delayed from their chronological age. The dental age of children with Down syndrome estimated using the Al-Qahtani method shows an average value of 1 year 2.5 months, and there is a difference between dental age and chronological age with a difference of 1 year seven months. Therefore, adjustments need to be made if the Al-Qahtani method is applied to children with down syndrome
The Efficacy of Fan Therapy to Alleviate Breathlessness among Lung Cancer Patients
Get PDFBreathlessness is a commonly reported symptom among patients with advanced-stage lung cancer and significantly affects their quality of life. Nowadays, treating breathlessness using standard pharmacological therapies is considered not very effective. Fan therapy, as one of the non-pharmacological approaches, emerges as a way to treat breathlessness. This study aims to examine fan therapy's impact on alleviating breathlessness in lung cancer patients. The research employs a literature review methodology, searching for relevant articles from 2017 to 2022 in databases such as Science Direct, EBSCOhost, Clinical Key Nursing, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Five eligible articles are analyzed descriptively. The findings reveal that 80% of the articles assert the effectiveness of fan therapy in reducing breathlessness in lung cancer patients. Meanwhile, 20% of the articles suggest that fan therapy may have clinical benefits in managing breathlessness. Additionally, it was found that fan therapy can decrease respiratory rates in 60% of the articles and enhance peripheral oxygen saturation in 20% of the articles. Notably, no adverse side effects on patients were reported across all analyzed articles. In conclusion, fan therapy emerges as an economical and safe non-pharmacological intervention for mitigating breathlessness in patients with advanced-stage lung cancer
Aktivitas Antioksidan Jantung dan Bonggol Pisang Kepok serta sebagai Peluruh Batu Ginjal secara In Vitro
Get PDFAntioksidan berperan mencegah dari berbagai macam penyakit. Senyawa metabolit sekunder dari tanaman umumnya mengandung antioksidan. Jantung pisang mengandung saponin, flavonoid mineral dan vitamin, sedangkan bonggol pisang mengandung flavonoid, saponin, tannin dan kalium yang merupakan senyawa aktif sebagai antioksidan alami. Selain berperan sebagai antioksidan, beberapa senyawa tersebut juga memiliki aktifitas sebagai peluruh batu ginjal. Flavonoid dan kalium yang ada dalam tanaman pisang akan membantu dalam peluruhan batu ginjal dari dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan kemampuan ekstrak jantung dan bonggol pisang kepok dalam meluruhkan kalsium batu ginjal. Metode uji kandungan senyawa aktif seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin diidentifikasi secara skrining fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) dengan standar asam askorbat. Serbuk batu ginjal direndam dalam ekstrak etanol jantung pisang (4, 8, 12, 16 dan 24 ppm) selama 48 jam. Kadar kalsium terlarut dianalisis dengan spektrofotometer visible pada ?=507,5 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol jantung dan bonggol pisang kepok memiliki nilai aktivitas antioksidan 7,072 dan 7,555 mgAAE/g ekstrak. Kadar kalsium terlarut dalam ekstrak etanol jantung dan bonggol pisang kepok meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi. Diperoleh hasil optimum kalsium batu ginjal yang terlarut sebesar 285,17 µg/mL dan 326,83 µg/mL.
The Hypnobirth Relaxation Influences Anxiety, Labor Pain, and APGAR Score in Newborns
No full textIntroduction: Hypnotherapy has been developed to improve labor outcomes. However, research on the effects of anxiety, pain and APGAR measured simultaneously is still rarely carried out. This study evaluated the effect of hypnobirthing relaxation techniques on anxiety, labor pain, and APGAR scores of newborn babies. Methods: This study used a Quasy experiment. This study used two groups: control and treatment. The control group received no intervention, while the treatment group was given hypnobirthing. Anxiety and pain levels were measured with standard scales, and APGAR scores were assessed within the first minute. Results: The results showed that the control group experienced an increase in anxiety from 33.4 (SD=4.1) to 34.5 (SD=3.5) and pain of 5.83 (SD=1.7). The treatment group experienced a decrease in anxiety from 28.0 (SD=3.8) to 26.7 (SD=3.7), pain decreased to 3.57 (SD=1.7), and the APGAR score increased to 8.3 (SD=0.5). Statistical analysis showed significant differences (ρ < 0.0001).). Conclusion: Hypnobirthing effectively reduces anxiety, labor pain and improves APGAR scores. Therefore, midwifery care for mothers can include hypnobirthing techniques that can be integrated by health supervisors in preparation for childbirth.
Latar Belakang: Hypnotherapy telah dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan luaran persalinan. Namun demikian, efek penelitian pada kecemasan, nyeri dan APGAR yang diukur bersamaan masih jarang dlakukan. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi efek teknik relaksasi hypnobirthing terhadap kecemasan, nyeri persalinan, dan skor APGAR bayi baru lahir. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan Quasy experiment Studi ini menggunakan dua kelompok: kontrol dan perlakuan. Kelompok kontrol tidak menerima intervensi, sementara kelompok perlakuan diberikan hypnobirthing. Tingkat kecemasan dan nyeri diukur dengan skala standar, dan skor APGAR dinilai pada satu menit pertama. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan kelompok kontrol mengalami peningkatan kecemasan dari 33,4 (SD=4,1) menjadi 34,5 (SD=3,5) dan nyeri sebesar 5,83 (SD=1,7). Kelompok perlakuan mengalami penurunan kecemasan dari 28,0 (SD=3,8) menjadi 26,7 (SD=3,7), nyeri berkurang menjadi 3,57 (SD=1,7), dan skor APGAR meningkat menjadi 8,3 (SD=0,5). Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (ρ < 0,0001). Simpulan: Hypnobirthing efektif mengurangi kecemasan, nyeri persalinan dan meningkatkan skor APGAR. Oleh karena itu, Asuhan kebidanan pada ibu dapat memasukkan teknik hypnobirthing dapat diintegrasikan oleh Penyelia kesehatan dalam persiapan persalinan
Kajian Transkultural: Naturalistik Dan Personalistik Terhadap Sehat Sakit Pada Masyarakat Jember
No full textThe community that adheres to the naturalistic concept assumes that a person suffers from illness due to the influence of the environment, food, lifestyle, and imbalance in the body. Meanwhile, the community that adheres to the personalistic concept assumes that the emergence of illness is caused by the intervention of an active agent that can be a non-human creature (ghost, spirit, ancestor, or evil spirit). This research aims to identify the perception of health and illness of the Jember community based on the theory of transcultural nursing in the scope of personalistic and naturalistic. This research is a descriptive study with a case study and a qualitative type of research. Data were obtained by conducting interviews with in-depth interview guide instruments. There were four main participants in this study and two additional participants. The steps in conducting research are preliminary studies, data collection, and conclusions. This research uses the Colaizzi method analysis technique. The study results show that the community believes that illness is caused by a person's biological condition, which is influenced by environmental conditions, adequate nutrition, lifestyle, body imbalance, and congenital diseases (naturalistic). The treatment method based on the naturalistic concept allows the community to get a cure for their illness by seeking treatment from modern medical health services, such as going to a doctor or buying medicine at a shop. People who understand and comprehend the meaning of illness and the causes of illness will determine their choice of treatment, whether naturalistic or personalistic.Masyarakat yang memegang konsep naturalistik percaya bahwa penyakit disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan, pola makan, gaya hidup, dan ketidakseimbangan dalam tubuh. Di sisi lain, masyarakat yang berpegang pada konsep personalistik berpendapat bahwa penyakit muncul karena adanya campur tangan agen aktif yang bisa berupa makhluk bukan manusia seperti hantu, roh, leluhur, atau roh jahat. Tujuan riset ini adalah mengidentifkasi persepsi sehat sakit masyarakat Jember berdasarkan teori transkultural nursing dalam ruang lingkup personalistik dan naturalistik. Riset ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan case study dengan penelitian jenis kualitatif. Data didapatkan dengan melakukan interview dengan instrumen panduan wawancara mendalam. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 4 partisipan utama dan 2 partisipan tambahan. Langkah-langkah dalam melakukan riset adalah studi pendahuluan, pengambilan data dan melakukan kesimpulan akhir. Riset ini menggunakan teknik analisa metode colaizzi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat meyakini penyakit disebabkan oleh kondisi biologis seseorang yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan, kecukupan gizi, kebiasaan hidup, ketidakseimbangan tubuh, serta penyakit bawaan (naturalistik). Metode pengobatan berdasarkan konsep naturalistik merupakan cara yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat untuk mendapatkan kesembuhan atas penyakitnya dengan cara berobat ke pelayanan kesehatan medis modern, seperti berobat ke dokter atau membeli obat di warung. Masyarakat yang paham dan mengerti tentang makna sakit dan penyebab sakit akan menentukan pilihan mereka terhadap pengobatan, baik itu naturalistik maupun personalistik
The Impact of Health Worker Assistance on the Skills of Posyandu Cadres in Measuring the Height of Toddlers
Get PDFWeight and height measurements are crucial for monitoring toddler growth and enabling early detection of developmental disorders. Cadres at posyandu (integrated health service posts) play an essential role in this monitoring; however, many lack adequate skills. This study employed a pre-experimental design with pre-test and post-test assessments conducted in the Kedondong Health Center area of Pesawaran Regency. The study involved 47 randomly selected active posyandu cadres, focusing on their skills in measuring toddler height. The treatment variable was the support provided by health workers to these cadres. Skill measurements were taken twice: before (pre-test) and after (post-test) assistance. A checklist outlining the steps for measuring children's height was utilized as the assessment tool. Data analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and the Wilcoxon test to evaluate differences in skills pre- and post-mentoring. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in average skill scores, with the infant meter increasing from 6.44 to 8.92 and the stadiometer from 6.06 to 9.11. Statistically significant differences were found before and after mentoring for both instruments (p-value=0.012 for the infant meter; p-value=0.000 for the stadiometer). The study recommends that health workers effectively mentor cadres using these measurement tools, aligning with existing standard operating procedures (SOPs).Weight and height measurements are crucial for monitoring toddler growth and enabling early detection of developmental disorders. Cadres at posyandu (integrated health service posts) play an essential role in this monitoring; however, many lack adequate skills. This study employed a pre-experimental design with pre-test and post-test assessments conducted in the Kedondong Health Center area of Pesawaran Regency. The study involved 47 randomly selected active posyandu cadres, focusing on their skills in measuring toddler height. The treatment variable was the support provided by health workers to these cadres. Skill measurements were taken twice: before (pre-test) and after (post-test) assistance. A checklist outlining the steps for measuring children's height was utilized as the assessment tool. Data analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and the Wilcoxon test to evaluate differences in skills pre- and post-mentoring. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in average skill scores, with the infant meter increasing from 6.44 to 8.92 and the stadiometer from 6.06 to 9.11. Statistically significant differences were found before and after mentoring for both instruments (p-value=0.012 for the infant meter; p-value=0.000 for the stadiometer). The study recommends that health workers effectively mentor cadres using these measurement tools, aligning with existing standard operating procedures (SOPs)
The Effect of Health Education on Low Fat Diets through Video Media on Knowledge Level in Cholesterol Sufferers
Get PDFHypercholesterolemia is still a health problem that can lead to complications such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and stroke, but it can be controlled by modifying lifestyle. Health education in the form of video media counseling can be done to increase knowledge and awareness to change one's behavior. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on a low-fat diet through video media on the level of knowledge. This study used a quasi-experiment with a one-group pre and post-test design. The sample used was 33 respondents using the purposive sampling technique. The research was conducted from June to July 2024. Using the Dyslipidemia Dietary Knowledge Questionnaire (DDKQ), which was developed, the results of corrected item-total correction >0.632 with Cronbach's alpha >0.60, namely 0.941. Inclusion criteria are the results of checking cholesterol levels before giving intervention (200mg/dl), willingness to be a respondent, the category of knowledge is less and enough, can do activities independently, and has a cellphone. Exclusion criteria have comorbidities and do not follow the flow of research until the end. Data analysis using univariate analysis and the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Based on the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test results, the p-value is 0.001, which is <0.05. There is an effect of health education on a low-fat diet through videos on the level of knowledge in cholesterol sufferers
Jumlah Sel PMN, MN, Fibroblas, Dan Angiogenesis Pada Proses Wound healing Mencit Yang Diinduksi Alloxan Dengan Treatment Hydrogel hAM Komersial
Get PDFLuka kronis pada penderita Diabetes Mellitus (DM) dapat menghambat proses penyembuhan luka. Salah satu wound dressing yang digunakan yaitu dengan pemberian hydrogel yang bersifat fleksibilitas dan biokompatibilitas agar mampu mencapai lapisan luka yang paling dalam. Hydrogel Human Amnion Membran (hAM) komersial mengandung extracelluler matrix serta memiliki sifat anti-inflamasi dan anti- mikroba. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis jumlah sel PMN, MN, fibroblas, dan angiogenesis pada proses penyembuhan luka mencit DM dengan treatment hydrogel hAM komersial. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. Mencit dibagi 3 kelompok yaitu sehat tanpa treatment, DM tanpa treatment, dan DM treatment hAM komersial. Pada hari ke 3, 7, 14, dan 21 dilakukan pengukuran luas luka (makroskopis), prosessing histologi (pewarnaan Hematoxylin Eosin), menghitung jumlah sel (mikroskopis), dan dilakukan analisis uji Two-way ANOVA (Graphpad Prism 10). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok DM hAM komersial mengalami penutupan luka lebih cepat dibandingkan kelompok sehat dan DM tanpa treatment karena jumlah sel PMN dan MN meningkat pada fase inflamasi, sel fibroblas meningkat pada fase proliferasi, dan angiogenesis meningkat pada fase remodelling dengan ditandai nilai signifikan <0.001. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan hydrogel hAM komersial dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka dan memberikan hasil yang signifikan terhadap jumlah sel PMN, MN, fibroblas, dan angiogenesis