e-Jurnal Poltekkes Tanjungkarang
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Efek Kombinasi Tanaman Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Culexsp. (Diptera: Culicidae)
Full text linkInsektisida nabati menjadi pilihan terbaik untuk mengendalikan nyamuk vektor penyakit, setelah pemahaman dampak negatif dari penggunaan insektisida kimia sintetis jangka panjang. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi efek larvasida dari kombinasi empat jenis tanaman terhadap Culex sp. Penelitian menggunakan rancang acak lengkap faktorial (dengan dua ulangan), dilakukan selama bulan Maret – Juli 2023. Empat jenis tanaman (Catharanthus roseus, Annona muricata, Psidium guajava, dan Averrhoa bilimbi) dikombinasikan berpasangan dengan variasi konsentrasi campuran bertingkat, dan diamati selama 24 jam. Ekstraksi tanaman dengan maserasi menggunakan Ethanol (24jam), dievaporasi hingga pekat, dan diencerkan dengan akuades untuk konsentrasi diinginkan. Larva Culex sp. dipelihara dari fase telur hingga turunan pertama (F1). Dua puluh larva instar-III digunakan pada setiap pengujian, dengan kontrol. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA two-way (Confidence Level= 95%). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa tiga dari empat tanaman memberikan efek mortalitas (5-20%) sejak satu jam setelah paparan, yaitu A. muricata, P. guajava, dan C. roseus. Setelah enam jam paparan, A. muricata dan P. guajava memberikan efek mortalitas tertinggi (70%). Setelah 24 jam paparan, seluruh larva mengalami kematian pada semua perlakuan. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan mortalitas larva berdasarkan waktu paparan (P = 0,0001), namun tidak signifikan berdasarkan jenis tanaman (P = 0,084) dan konsentrasi campuran (P = 0,858). Dari empat yang diperiksa, dua jenis tumbuhan menunjukkan efek larvasida terbaik terhadap Culex sp., yaitu A. muricata dan P. guajava. Walaupun menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan, penggunaan konsentrasi tinggi masih menjadi kendala untuk diaplikasikan secara luas. Rekayasa senyawa bioaktif disarankan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan menurunkan konsentrasi larvasida.Insektisida nabati menjadi pilihan terbaik untuk mengendalikan nyamuk vektor penyakit, setelah pemahaman dampak negatif dari penggunaan insektisida kimia sintetis jangka panjang. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi efek larvasida dari kombinasi empat jenis tanaman terhadap Culex sp. Penelitian menggunakan rancang acak lengkap faktorial (dengan dua ulangan), dilakukan selama bulan Maret – Juli 2023. Empat jenis tanaman (Catharanthus roseus, Annona muricata, Psidium guajava, dan Averrhoa bilimbi) dikombinasikan berpasangan dengan variasi konsentrasi campuran bertingkat, dan diamati selama 24 jam. Ekstraksi tanaman dengan maserasi menggunakan Ethanol (24jam), dievaporasi hingga pekat, dan diencerkan dengan akuades untuk konsentrasi diinginkan. Larva Culex sp. dipelihara dari fase telur hingga turunan pertama (F1). Dua puluh larva instar-III digunakan pada setiap pengujian, dengan kontrol. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA two-way (Confidence Level= 95%). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa tiga dari empat tanaman memberikan efek mortalitas (5-20%) sejak satu jam setelah paparan, yaitu A. muricata, P. guajava, dan C. roseus. Setelah enam jam paparan, A. muricata dan P. guajava memberikan efek mortalitas tertinggi (70%). Setelah 24 jam paparan, seluruh larva mengalami kematian pada semua perlakuan. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan mortalitas larva berdasarkan waktu paparan (P = 0,0001), namun tidak signifikan berdasarkan jenis tanaman (P = 0,084) dan konsentrasi campuran (P = 0,858). Dari empat yang diperiksa, dua jenis tumbuhan menunjukkan efek larvasida terbaik terhadap Culex sp., yaitu A. muricata dan P. guajava. Walaupun menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan, penggunaan konsentrasi tinggi masih menjadi kendala untuk diaplikasikan secara luas. Rekayasa senyawa bioaktif disarankan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan menurunkan konsentrasi larvasida
Development of an Anti-Acne Facial Wash Gel With Cassia alata L. Leaf Extract
Full text linkAcne is a skin disease that is often encountered. Acne can be caused by various factors, including bacterial infection. To prevent acne, keep facial skin clean using facial wash. Using facial wash made from synthetic substances can cause more significant side effects than natural ingredients, so research is needed on natural ingredients that can be used as anti-acne agents. One natural ingredient that has antibacterial activity is ketepeng leaf (Cassia alata L.). This research aims to formulate a facial wash gel preparation from ketepeng leaf extract and test its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research is experimental research starting from making extracts, dosage formulation, evaluating the physical properties of the dosage (stability test, organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, spreadability test, and foamability test), skin irritation test, hedonic test and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The research results showed that the inhibition zone produced by formula 1 was 9.73mm, formula 2 was 10.33mm, and formula 3 was 13.18mm. This research concludes that Ketepeng leaf can be used as an active ingredient in anti-acne facial wash gel preparations because the Ketepeng leaf extract facial wash gel preparation meets the requirements for evaluating good physical properties and has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in each formula.Acne is a skin disease that is often encountered. Acne can be caused by various factors, including bacterial infection. To prevent acne, keep facial skin clean using facial wash. Using facial wash made from synthetic substances can cause more significant side effects than natural ingredients, so research is needed on natural ingredients that can be used as anti-acne agents. One natural ingredient that has antibacterial activity is ketepeng leaf (Cassia alata L.). This research aims to formulate a facial wash gel preparation from ketepeng leaf extract and test its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research is experimental research starting from making extracts, dosage formulation, evaluating the physical properties of the dosage (stability test, organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, spreadability test, and foamability test), skin irritation test, hedonic test and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The research results showed that the inhibition zone produced by formula 1 was 9,73mm, formula 2 was 10,33mm, and formula 3 was 13,18mm. This research concludes that Ketepeng leaf can be used as an active ingredient in anti-acne facial wash gel preparations because the Ketepeng leaf extract facial wash gel preparation meets the requirements for evaluating good physical properties and has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in each formula.Â
Autogenic Relaxation with Audiomusic Instrumental Media on Pain Scale in Post Sectio Caesarea Patients
Full text linkPain on the first day of cesarean section creates psychological anxiety and fear of pain after the drug reaction ends. One method of pain management is autogenic relaxation therapy using instrumental audiomusic media. This study aims to determine the effect of autogenic relaxation using instrumental audio music on the pain scale in post-cesarean section patients at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province. This research uses a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted from February to March 2023. The population in this study consisted of patients after the cesarean section. The sampling method in this research used the Accidental Sampling technique and obtained a sample of 32 respondents. The instrument used to measure the pain scale is the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), an observation sheet that records the pain scale before and after the procedure. Statistical tests use the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The research results showed that the average pain scale decreased from 7.28 to 6.21 before and after the intervention. Thus, a p-value of 0.000 was obtained (p-value<0.05), which means that there was an effect of autogenic relaxation using instrumental audio music on the pain scale in post-cesarean section patients at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek, Lampung Province in 2023. Researchers suggest that nurses or midwives treat pain not only with pharmacological therapy but also with non-pharmacological therapy, namely autogenic relaxation with instrumental audio-music media.Injuries to the abdominal wall and uterus cause pain by severing nerve fibers and also by pressure on the joints. One method of pain management is autogenic relaxation therapy with instrumental audiomusic media. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of autogenic relaxation with instrumental audiomusic media on pain scales in postcesarean section patients at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province This study used a quantitative approach with a one group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The time of the study was February-March 2023. The population in this study were post sectio caesarea patients. The sampling method in this study was to use accidental sampling technique and obtained a sample of 32 respondents. The instrument used to measure the pain scale uses a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and an observation sheet that records the pain scale before and after the procedure. Statistical tests used the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results of the study obtained an average decrease in pain scale from 7.28 to 6.21 before and after the intervention. So that a p value of 0.000 (p valu
Overview of Delivery Complications Using IKAlin Instruments in Bandar Lampung
Full text linkThe maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Lampung Province in 2020 has increased compared to 2019, namely from 110 cases to 115 cases. Bandar Lampung City is one of the regions in Lampung Province with the third highest MMR, 10 cases (8.69%). This research aims to determine the description of childbirth complications experienced by postpartum mothers using the IKAlin instrument (Labour Complications Instrument) in Bandar Lampung in 2023. This type of research uses a descriptive survey method with random sampling. A sample of 222 postpartum mothers with labor complications. This research method involves interviews with postpartum mothers using the IKAlin instrument. The average results of mothers' answers show that the complication of preeclampsia that is felt is high blood pressure, the bleeding complication that is most often felt during labor is experiencing heavy bleeding, and the complication of dystocia that is most often felt is undergoing a prolonged second stage. The advice given is to encourage education about early detection in the community so that people, especially pregnant women, are aware of the importance of monthly pregnancy checks at health facilities to detect birth complications as early as possible
The Qualitative Study: Evaluation of Tuberculosis Control Program in Bandar Lampung City
Full text linkIntroduction: Indonesia has committed to implementing a TB control programme that is directed at accelerating the achievement of TB elimination by 2030, including Lampung Province and Bandar Lampung city is an area with a high prevalence of TB. Implementation of the TB control programme has been carried out. However, the cause of the high prevalence of TB remains unknown. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the TB control programme in Bandar Lampung City. Thus, it can contribute to planning efforts to reduce TB prevalence. Methods: This study is a qualitative research with a system approach based on input, process and output components. Data were collected at the Health Office of Bandar Lampung City and at three Community Health Centres in Bandar Lampung City. Data were collected using in-depth interviews, observation, and document review. Informants included policy makers, managers, cadres and TB patients. Data were analysed by collaborating the research data using triangulation methods, both source triangulation, method triangulation and data triangulation to draw conclusions. Results: The findings of this study showed that the TB control program in Bandar Lampung City has been running well and is in line with the achievement of the TB elimination acceleration program target in the input, process and output components, but TB prevention health promotion efforts are still not optimally implemented and coverage figures that describe TB prevention behaviour are not yet available. Conclusion: In general, the TB control programme in Bandar Lampung City is good and in line with the targets of the TB elimination acceleration programme. However, there is no evaluation of TB prevention health promotion efforts related to the attitudes and behaviour of TB prevention by vulnerable communities.
Latar Belakang: Indonesia telah berkomitmen melaksanakan program penanggulangan TB yang diarahkan untuk mempercepat pencapaian eliminasi TB tahun 2030, termasuk Provinsi Lampung dan kota Bandar Lampung yang merupakan wilayah dengan prevalensi TB yang tinggi. Implementasi program penanggulangan TB telah dilakukan. Namun belum diketahui penyebab prevalensi TB masih tinggi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi program pelaksanaan penanggulangan TB di Kota Bandar Lampung. Sehingga, dapat memberikan kontribusi untuk upaya perencaan penurunan prevalensi TB. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan sistem berdasarkan komponen input, proses dan output. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandar Lampung dan di tiga Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat di kota Bandar Lampung. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Informan terdiri dari para pengambil kebijakan, pengelola, kader dan pasien TB. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mengkolaborasikan data hasil penelitian menggunakan metode triangulasi, baik triangulasi sumber, triangulasi metode maupun triangulasi data untuk diambil kesimpulan. Hasil: Temuan pada penelitian ini diketahui bahwa program penanggulangan TB di Kota Bandar Lampung sudah berjalan baik dan sejalan dengan pencapaian target program percepatan eliminasi TB baik pada komponen input, proses dan output, namun upaya promosi kesehatan pencegahan TB masih belum terlaksana secara optimal dan angka cakupan yang menggambarkan perilaku pencegahan TB belum tersedia. Simpulan: Secara umum program penanggulangan TB di Kota Bandar Lampung sudah baik dan sejalan dengan pencapaian target program percepatan eliminasi TB. Namun, upaya promkes pencegahan TB tidak ada hasil evaluasi terkait sikap dan prilaku pencegahan TB oleh masyarakat yang rentan
Pengukuran Kebisingan dan Tingkat Stres Pada Pekerja Fabrikasi Logam di PT. Arung Samboja
Full text linkKebisingan merupakan salah satu faktor bahaya fisik yang sering di jumpai di lingkungan kerja. Satuan dari kebisingan adalah decibell (dB). Stres kerja merupakan bentuk respon psikologis dari tubuh terhadap tekanan- tekanan,tuntutan-tuntutan pekerjaan yang melebihi kemampuan yang dimiliki, baik berupa tuntutaan fisik atau lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur kebisingan di tempat kerja yaitu di fabrikasi logam dan mengetahui tingkat stres kerja yang dialami para pekerja. Pengukuran kebisingan dilakukan di tiga area fabrikasi dengan menggunakan alat pengukuran kebisingan sound level meter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif meliputi pengumpulan data atau menjawab pertanyaan mengenai status terakhir dari subjek penelitian. Data hasil penelitian pengukuran kebisingan dari tiga area fabrikasi di PT. ARUNG, didapatkan hasil 81 dBA, 82 dBA, 81 dBA. Hasil dari kuesioner stres kerja didapatkan hasil dari 15 responden dengan presentase 6,67% Stres Ringan PK, 6,67% Stres Sedang TP, 6,67% Stres Sedang KP, 6,67% Stres Sedang BBkuant, 60% Stres Sedang TJO, dan 13,33% Stres Berat TJO. Kebisingan yang dihasilkan di ke 3 area fabrikasi tersebut adalah kebisingan Impulsif yaitu kebisingan yang datang tidak terus-menerus atau terpotong-potong. Kebisingan mencapai 90-95 dBA setiap saat, tingkat stres kerja berdasarkan dari wawancara dengan karyawan menunjukkan bahwa tidak hanya faktor kerja yang menyebabkan stres, tetapi juga masalah di luar pekerjaan, seperti masalah dengan teman, keluarga, dan gaji. Hal itulah yang membuat para pekerja sering mengalami stres ketika sedang bekerja
Studi Kualitas Air Minum dan Pengolahannya di Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang Kota Bandar Lampung (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Tanjung Karang Timur, Bumi Waras, dan Way Halim)
Full text linkPengolahan air yang tidak efektif berdampak pada kualitas air minum dan membahayakan kesehatan konsumen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas dan pengolahan air minum pada depot air minum isi ulang di Kota Bandar Lampung. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi kasus yang dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2023 hingga Januari 2024 di tiga kecamatan. Empat depot dipilih secara acak dari setiap kecamatan (N = 23 depo). Observasi dilakukan di setiap depot untuk mengetahui cara pengolahan air minum. Pemeriksaan kualitas air dilakukan terhadap empat parameter yaitu Fe (spectrophotometry), TDS (gravimetry), DHL (ISTA), dan pH. Seluruh data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dibandingkan dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Hasil pemeriksaan kualitas air menunjukkan nilai TDS berkisar antara 5,0-525,0 mg/L (air minum) dan 90,0-265,0 mg/L (air baku); DHL berkisar antara 10,1- 370,2 ?S/cm dan 171,8- 390,1 ?S/cm; pH pada kisaran 5,4-7,1 dan 5,3-7,2; sedangkan Fe tertinggi sebesar 0,06 mg/L dan 0,03 mg/L. Satu sampel air minum tidak memenuhi persyaratan parameter TDS, dan 18 sampel bersifat asam (pH < 6,5). Mayoritas (82,6%) depot telah beroperasi lebih dari tiga tahun, mengolah air sumur bor dalam (78,3%), dan mencuci tempat penampungan air baku lebih dari sebulan (69,7%). Semua depot tidak melakukan backwash setiap hari. Sebagian besar mengganti media filter setiap lebih dari enam bulan (82,6%), sedangkan membran filter setiap bulan (87,0%). Terdapat satu sampel air minum yang tidak memenuhi syarat TDS (525 mg/L), dan 18 sampel bersifat asam (pH < 6,5). Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh rutinitas pencucian dan penggantian filter, serta penggunaan air tanah dalam
Observation of the Reconstitution Process and Factors that Influence the Final Condition of Chemotherapy Patients in Private Hospitals
Full text linkHandling of cytostatic preparations is the aseptic handling of cancer drugs in ready-to-use packaging according to patient needs by trained pharmacists with control of environmental safety, officers, and drug preparations from toxic effects and contamination, using personal protective equipment. Resistant to handling cytostatics preparations, including preparation, mixing, handling of spills, and cytostatics waste management. This study aimed to determine the suitability of the handling of cytostatic preparations and the description of the use of chemotherapy drugs in cancer patients. This research was conducted by descriptive analytic observation, data on the handling of cytostatics preparations was obtained by observing directly in the chemotherapy drug mixing room, and data on the use of chemotherapy drugs were obtained retrospectively by looking at medical records and service sheets of mixing cytostatics preparations The population and sample of cytostatic preparation handling are all cytostatic preparation reconstitution processes that can be directly observed during the research period, while the sample for evaluating the use of chemotherapy drugs is the medical records of patients undergoing chemotherapy in 2018. The results obtained in handling cytostatic preparations in the preparation, mixing, and labeling stages are 100% to the guidelines, while the labeling stage is 86% appropriate. Evaluation of the type of use of chemotherapy drugs is known that the taxane drug class is the most widely used by 91.7%. The proper assessment of chemotherapy drugs in breast cancer patients is 92%, lung cancer is 100%, and uterine cancer is 0%. Evaluation of the correct dose of chemotherapy drugs obtained results of 0%. The conclusion of the chi-square statistical test analysis of the chemical cycle affects the patient's condition. Handling of cytostatic preparations is the aseptic handling of cancer drugs in ready-to-use packaging according to patient needs by trained pharmacists with control of environmental safety, officers, and drug preparations from toxic effects and contamination, using personal protective equipment. Resistant to handling cytostatics preparations, including preparation, mixing, handling of spills, and cytostatics waste management. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of the handling of cytostatic preparations and the description of the use of chemotherapy drugs in cancer patients. This research was conducted by descriptive analytic observation, data on the handling of cytostatics preparations was obtained by observing directly in the chemotherapy drug mixing room and data on the use of chemotherapy drugs were obtained retrospectively by looking at medical records and service sheets of mixing cytostatics preparations. The results obtained in the process of handling cytostatic preparations in the preparation, mixing and labeling stages are 100% to the guidelines, while the labeling stage is 86% appropriate. Evaluation of the type of use of chemotherapy drugs is known that the taxane drug class is the most widely used by 91,7%. The appropriate evaluation of chemotherapy drugs in breast cancer patients is 92%, lung cancer is 100% and uterine cancer is 0%. Evaluation of the correct dose of chemotherapy drugs obtained results of 0%. The results of the Chi Square statistical test found that there was a relationship between the last cycle of chemotherapy and the patient's final condition p = <0.00
Correlation Mineral Water Consumption and Hemoglobin Levels in Adolescent Girls
Full text linkAnemia is a global health issue that affects people of all ages, particularly adolescent girls. Adolescent girls require nutritional intake, both from food and water. According to the balanced nutrition guidelines, people (particularly adolescents and adults) require 2000 liters (or eight glasses) of water daily. Most adolescent girls barely consider their water consumption. A lack of water in the body affects the balance of minerals (salt and sugar), disrupting regular metabolic processes such as hemoglobin (Hb) level regulation. This study investigates the correlation between adolescent girls' water consumption and hemoglobin levels. This quantitative study uses a cross-sectional design to collect variable data at a certain time. The study used blood with anti-coagulants EDTA from 30 adolescent girls from Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. The primary data for this study are water consumption and hemoglobin levels. Results of the research show that adolescent girls' water consumption was adequate (66.7%) and low (33.3%). The average Hb level among adolescent girls was 12.4 g/dL. Adequate water consumption resulted in 3 respondents with low Hb levels and 7 with normal Hb levels. In contrast, low water consumption resulted in 2 respondents with low Hb levels and 18 with normal Hb levels. The Rank-Spearman correlation test showed sig 0.177 (p>0.05). The study concluded that there was no correlation between adolescent girl water consumption and hemoglobin levels. Food fluid intake can compensate for a lack of water consumption
Sunscreen Effect of Andaliman Methanol Extract Nano Gel on The Amount of Melanin in Wistar Rats Exposed to UV-B Light
Full text linkExcessive exposure to UV-B rays can increase melanin production, potentially causing skin damage, making it necessary to prevent this through the use of natural-based sunscreens, such as nano gel from methanol extract of andaliman, to protect the skin from the harmful effects of UV-B radiation. This study aims to evaluate the sunscreen effect of andaliman methanol extract nanogel on the amount of melanin in Wistar rats exposed to UV-B light. The method used was a laboratory experimental study with a randomized posttest only with a control group design using mice as the research subjects. The results of the study showed that the SPF values of andaliman extract at concentrations of 2%, 3.5%, and 5% were 2.11, 2.49, and 2.45, respectively, which are considered low for sunscreen protection standards. Additionally, the amount of melanin obtained from each treatment group was also categorized as small, indicating that the andaliman extract in nano gel form did not significantly reduce melanin production in Wistar rats exposed to UV-B rays. In conclusion, there is no sunscreen effect of andaliman methanol extract nanogel on the amount of melanin in Wistar rats exposed to UV-B light. This could be due to factors such as the low SPF value, the lack of stability of the active ingredients in the nano gel, or the need for an increased dosage. The implications of these findings suggest the need for further research to optimize the formulation or explore other more effective ingredients in preventing melanin production caused by UV-B exposure