Izmir Institute of Technology

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    Kapalı kamusal mekanlarda akustik konfor değerlendirmesi için bir model

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    Thesis (Doctoral)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Architecture, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 91-97)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and EnglishAcoustic comfort is one of the important topics in terms of user satisfaction. In order to determine and control acoustic comfort, measurable parameters are needed to be able to compare and improve soundscapes. Parameters for architectural acoustics, like reverberation time and sound pressure level are widely used for this purpose. Psychoacoustic parameters like loudness, sharpness, roughness and fluctuation strength are mostly used for determining the sound quality of mechanical sounds. They have also started to be used for evaluating soundscapes of open areas and enclosed spaces. This research aims to find out the relationship between the psychoacoustic parameters and acoustic comfort in non-acoustic enclosed public spaces, specifically in eating establishments. To reach this aim, both on-site measurements and in laboratory listening tests were conducted in five eating establishments. During on-site measurements, a simultaneous questionnaire study was also conducted. Subjective and objective data were comparatively evaluated. Listening tests were based on auralizations with calibrated simulation models. This provided a research model, that allows control over the acoustic environment without having to make real changes in the physical elements of the eating establishments. The auralization sound files were presented to listening test participants with headphones and they evaluated soundscapes with different psychoacoustic properties. The last chapter provides a summary of results and suggestions for future studies. Better acoustic comfort was found to be related with higher sharpness, lower reverberation time, lower loudness and lower roughness values for the examined parameter ranges.Mekanların değerlendirilmesinde kullanıcı memnuniyeti göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, akustik konfor önemli konu başlıklarından biridir. Akustik konforu değerlendirebilmek ve iyileştirmek adına değerlendirebilmek için, ölçülebilir parametrelere ihtiyaç vardır. Reverberasyon süresi ve ses basınç düzeyi gibi mimari akustik parametreler, bu amaç için sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Gürlük, keskinlik, kabalık ve dalgalanım kuvveti gibi psikoakustik parametreler ise genellikle mekanik cihazların ses kalitelerinin değerlendirilmelerinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu parametreler aynı zamanda kapalı ve açık mekanların akustik konfor değerlendirmelerinde de kullanılmaya başlamışlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yemek mekanları özelinde, akustik amaçlı kullanılmayan kapalı kamusal alanlarda akustik konfor değerlendirmeleri ile psikoakustik parametrelerin ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaca ulaşmak için, beş yemek mekanında yerinde ölçümler ve laboratuvarda işitme testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yemek mekanlarında ölçümlerle eş zamanlı olarak anketler yapılmıştır. Ortaya konan nesnel ve öznel veriler karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bunun yanında, bilgisayarda benzetim yoluyla mekanların modelleri oluşturulmuş ve gerçek mekan verileri ile kalibre edilmiştir. Mekanları temsil edecek işitselleştirmeler, bu modeler aracılığıyla hazırlanmıştır. Böylece mekanı akustik açıdan kontrol edebilmek için, gerçek mekanı fiziksel olarak değiştirmeye gerek bırakmayacak bir araştırma modeli ortaya konmuştur. Mekanlara ait işitselleştirme ses dosyaları, dinleme testi katılımcılarına kulaklıklarla dinletilmiş ve farklı psikoakustik değerlere sahip sesler hakkında değerlendirmeleri alınmıştır. Son kısımda ise sonuçlar özetlenerek, sonraki çalışmalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Mekanlarda iyi akustik konfor, incelenmiş olan değer aralıklarında yüksek keskinlik, düşük reverberasyon süresi, düşük gürlük ve düşük kabalık değerleri ile ilişkili bulunmuştur

    Endüstriyel tasarım pratiğinde gösterge bilimsel yaklaşım: Gösterge bilimin Türk endüstriyel tasarımcılar tarafından kullanımı

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    Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Industrial Design, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 69-75)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and EnglishIndustrial design has become a well-known and important discipline today. Industrial design is a truly interdisciplinary field, encompassing engineering, social sciences, economics and basic sciences. Overtime, the dynamics that affect the design discipline have become more oriented towards user and product. As the technology and the market develop, it has become ever increasingly difficult to impress the user with the designed product. It is necessary to give correct signals to the user with the designed product in order to attract their attention. It is a difficult but important step to bring the user and designer together at the same point. Accordingly this study thrives to explore whether semiotics have been integrated into the industrial design profession and to what extent. To this end, a survey with professional industrial designers in Izmir has been conducted to understand their use of semiotics in their practice.Endüstriyel tasarım günümüzde iyi bilinen ve önemli bir disiplin haline gelmiştir. Endüstriyel tasarım, mühendislik, sosyal bilimler, ekonomi ve temel bilimler içeren, gerçek bir disiplinler arası alandır. Gün geçtikçe tasarım disiplinini etkileyen dinamikler kullanıcı ve ürün odaklı olmaya başlamıştır. Teknoloji ve market geliştikçe tasarlanan ürün ile kullanıcıyı etkilemek zorlaşmaya başlamıştır. Tasarlanan ürün ile kullanıcıya doğru sinyaller vermek ve ilk görüşte etkileyerek ürün üzerine dikkat çekmesi gerekmedir. Kullanıcı ve tasarımcıyı aynı noktada buluşturmak zor ama önemli bir adımdır. Bu amaçla, bu adımın gösterge bilim ile sağlanabilir düşüncesini kanıtlamak için, bu tezde ürün tasarımına gösterge bilimsel bir bakış açısı sağlanmaya çalışılmış ve İzmir'deki profesyonel endüstriyel tasarımcıların semiyotik bilgisi üzerine bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, göstergebilimin endüstriyel tasarım mesleğine entegre edilip edilmediğini ve hangi ölçüde olduğunu araştırmaktadır

    Kemik iliği kök hücre hücre farklılaşmasının manyetik kaldırma ile tespiti

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    Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Bioengineering, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 36-48)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and EnglishAdipocytes are the major energy depots which primarily compose adipose tissue in the body. They are mainly responsible for energy balance and also play a crucial role as endocrine and paracrine cells. Hypertrophy (cell size increase) and hyperplasia (cell number increase) are two mechanisms for adipose tissue growing, relating to some diseases such as obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes and anorexia nervosa. In this context, to detect and identify adipocytes has become critical to determine increase in cell size and cell number, thereby, it facilitates to understand mechanisms and process of adipocyte differentiation and provide to develop therapeutic strategies for the treatment and prevention of obesity and obesity-related diseases. Traditional or advanced techniques used for adipocyte detection and examination are available with their accomplished applications. However, they have some restrictions on adipocyte detection, such as being complicated and expensive operations or causing cell defects. Magnetic levitation is a novel technique with the capability of label-free, density-based detection using the principle of movement of the cells to lower magnetic field region in a paramagnetic medium. In this study, we used magnetic levitation system for detection of adipogenic-differentiated cells in heterogeneous cell populations. Results showed that levitation platform could detect the changes in lipid content of mesenchymal stem cells during adipogenic differentiation. This microfluidic system has a promising future with modification to sort adipogenic cells.Adipositler vücuttaki adipoz dokuyu oluşturan ana hücrelerdir. Temel görevleri enerji dengesini sağlamak olan bu hücreler, aynı zamanda önemli endokrin ve parakrin fonksiyon gösterirler. Adipoz doku, hiperplazi (hücre sayısında artış) ve hipertropi (hücre boyutunda artış) olmak üzere iki farklı mekanizma ile büyümektedir. Bu iki mekanizma adipojenez sırasındaki anormallikleri tanımlamada önemli parametrelerdir. Adipositlerin tespiti ve mekanizmalarının tanımlanması başta obezite, osteoporoz, diyabet olmak üzere pek çok ilişkili hastalıkların tedavisi için terapötik stratejilerin gelişiminde önemli bir basamaktır. Adiposit tespiti için kullanılan geleneksel veya gelişmiş teknikler başarılı uygulamalarına rağmen pahalı ve zor yöntemler olmaları veya çalışma sırasında hassas adiposit hücrelerinde hasara sebep olmaları gibi bazı kısıtlamalara sahiptirler. Hücrelerin paramanyetik bir ortamda düşük manyetik alana yönelmesi prensibine dayanan manyetik levitasyon sistemi, hücreleri etiketlemeden, yoğunluklarına bağlı olarak ayırt etme olanağı sağlayan yeni bir tekniktir. Bu çalışmada, heterojen bir popülasyondaki adipojenik hücrelerin tespiti için manyetik levitasyon sistemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, kök hücrelerin adipojenik farklılaşma sürecinde değişen lipit içeriği aracılığıyla adipojenik hücrelerin tespitinin manyetik levitasyon yöntemi ile münkün olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, mikroakışkan özellliği ile bu sistem, tespiti yapılan adipositlerin ileri çalışmalarda kullanılmak üzere ayrımına da olanak sağlama potansiyeline sahiptir.TUBITAK (SBAG/215S862

    Kusurlardan tek-foton üretimi ve nanoyapılarla manipülasyonu

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    Thesis (Doctoral)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 146-159)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and EnglishSingle-photon sources are essential components for several applications in the field of quantum information technologies, such as quantum cryptology and quantum computation. To this aim, efficient generation and detection of single-photons are the crucial to be achieved. Among single-photon sources that are extensively studied in the literature, defect centers in solid are very promising due to their room temperature operation and their stability. The aim of this thesis is to generate single photons at room temperature and control their optical properties by nanostructures. Single-photon emission from TMDCs originates from localized weakly bound excitons at cryogenic temperatures due to their small exciton binding energies. However, room temperature SP emission from WS2 can be obtained by creatingWO3 defects. In our study, room temperature emission from defects in WO3 was investigated. Density functional theory calculations showed that the source of the emission can be oxygen defects. Additionally, the emission was brightened by plasmonic gold nanoparticles. Furthermore, defects in two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is offered as an efficient room temperature SPS. HBN is a wide bandgap 2D material, in which defect centers create discrete energy level to generate single photons. In our study, reversible single-photon emission control from defects in hBN was demonstrated by Förster-like resonance energy transfer between the single-photon emitter and a graphene layer. To this aim an ionic liquid based device structure was used.Tek-foton kaynakları, kuantum kriptolojisi ve kuantum hesaplama gibi kuantum bilgi teknolojileri alanındaki çeşitli uygulamalar için temel bileşendir. Bu amaçla, tekfotonların verimli bir şekilde üretilmesi ve tespit edilmesi çok önemlidir. Literatürde yoğun olarak incelenen tek-foton kaynakları arasında, katı ortamlardaki kusur merkezleri, oda sıcaklığındaki çalışmaları ve stabiliteleri nedeniyle oldukça ümit vericidir. Bu tezin amacı oda sıcaklığında tek-foton üretmek ve optik özelliklerini nanoyapılarla kontrol etmektir. TMDC’lerden lokalize zayıf bağlanmış eksitonlardan kaynaklanan tek-foton emisyonu düşük eksiton bağlanma enerjileri nedeniyle krayojenik sıcaklıklarda gözlenir. Bununla birlikte, WS2’den oda sıcaklığında tek-foton emisyonu, WO3 kusurları yaratılarak elde edilebilir. Çalışmamızda, WO3’teki kusurlardan oda sıcaklığı emisyonu incelenmiştir. Yoğunluk fonksiyonel teorisi hesaplamaları, emisyon kaynağının oksijen kusuru olabileceğini göstermiştir. Ek olarak, emisyon şiddeti plazmonik altın nanoparçacıkları ile arttırıldığı gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca, iki boyutlu altıgen bor nitrürdeki (hBN) kusurlar, verimli bir oda sıcaklığı tek-foton kaynağıdır. HBN, kusur merkezlerinin tek-foton üretmek için kesikli enerji seviyesi oluşturduğu geniş bir bant aralığına sahip bir malzemedir. Çalışmamızda, hBN’deki kusurlardan tersinir olarak tek-foton ışıması kontrolü, kaynak ile bir grafen katmanı arasındaki Förster benzeri rezonans enerji transferi ile gösterilmiştir. Bu amaçla iyonik sıvı bazlı bir cihaz yapısı kullanılmıştır

    Search for rare decays of Z and Higgs bosons to J / ψ and a photon in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

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    PubMed: 30872972A search is presented for decays of Z and Higgs bosons to a J/ meson and a photon, with the subsequent decay of the J/ to +-. The analysis uses data from proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb-1 at =13collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The observed limit on the ZJ/ decay branching fraction, assuming that the J/ meson is produced unpolarized, is 1.4x10-6 at 95% confidence level, which corresponds to a rate higher than expected in the standard model by a factor of 15. For extreme-polarization scenarios, the observed limit changes from -13.6 to +8.6% with respect to the unpolarized scenario. The observed upper limit on the branching fraction for HJ/ where the J/ meson is assumed to be transversely polarized is 7.6x10-4, a factor of 260 larger than the standard model prediction. The results for the Higgs boson are combined with previous data from proton-proton collisions at =8TeV to produce an observed upper limit on the branching fraction for HJ/ that is a factor of 220 larger than the standard model value

    The initial-boundary value problem for the biharmonic Schrödinger equation on the half-line

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    We study the local and global wellposedness of the initial-boundary value problem for the biharmonic Schrodinger equation on the half-line with inhomogeneous Dirichlet-Neumann boundary data. First, we obtain a representation formula for the solution of the linear nonhomogenenous problem by using the Fokas method (also known as the unified transform method). We use this representation formula to prove space and time estimates on the solutions of the linear model in fractional Sobolev spaces by using Fourier analysis. Secondly, we consider the nonlinear model with a power type nonlinearity and prove the local wellposedness by means of a classical contraction argument. We obtain Strichartz estimates to treat the low regularity case by using the oscillatory integral theory directly on the representation formula provided by the Fokas method. Global wellposedness of the defocusing model is established up to cubic nonlinearities by using the multiplier technique and proving hidden trace regularities

    Beyond nPDFs effects: Prompt J/ψ and ψ(2S) production in pPb and pp collisions

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    A multi-dimensional analysis of prompt charmonia in pp and pPb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector is presented. The pPb differential cross-sections of prompt J/psi are shown in a wide kinematic region, for transverse momentum p(T) spanning from 2 to 30 GeV/c and a rapidity interval between -2.4 to 1.93 in the center of mass of the collision. The final results on prompt psi/(2S) meson production cross section in pp and pPb collisions at 5.02 TeV are also reported as a function of p(T) and rapidity, for p(T) from 4 to 30 GeV/c. The nuclear modification factor is found to be smaller than that of prompt J/psi in all measured bins, especially at low p(T) and at backward rapidity. Such a different behaviour between the ground and excited states cannot be reproduced considering nPDF effects alone

    Measurements of the pp → WZ inclusive and differential production cross sections and constraints on charged anomalous triple gauge couplings at s√ = 13 TeV

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    The WZ production cross section is measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy = 13 TeV using data collected with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The inclusive cross section is measured to be sigma(tot)(ppWZ)=48.0) pb, resulting in a total uncertainty of -2.78/+2.98 pb. Fiducial cross section and ratios of charge-dependent cross section measurements are provided. Differential cross section measurements are also presented with respect to three variables: the Z boson transverse momentum p(T), the leading jet p(T), and the M(WZ) variable, defined as the invariant mass of the system composed of the three leptons and the missing transverse momentum. Differential measurements with respect to the W boson p(T), separated by charge, are also shown. Results are consistent with standard model predictions, favouring next-to-next-to-leading-order predictions over those at next-to-leading order. Constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings are derived via a binned maximum likelihood fit to the M(WZ) variable

    Search for invisible decays of a Higgs boson produced through vector boson fusion in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV

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    A search for invisible decays of a Higgs boson is performed using proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb(-1). The search targets the production of a Higgs boson via vector boson fusion. The data are found to be in agreement with the background contributions from standard model processes. An observed (expected) upper limit of 0.33(0.25), at 95% confidence level, is placed on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson decay to invisible particles, assuming standard model production rates and a Higgs boson mass of 125.09GeV. Results from a combination of this analysis and other direct searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson, performed using data collected at root s = 7, 8, and 13 TeV, are presented. An observed (expected) upper limit of 0.19(0.15), at 95% confidence level, is set on the branching fraction of invisible decays of the Higgs boson. The combined limit represents the most stringent bound on the invisible branching fraction of the Higgs boson reported to date. This result is also interpreted in the context of Higgs-portal dark matter models, in which upper bounds are placed on the spin-independent dark-matter-nucleon scattering cross section. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V

    Search for supersymmetry using Higgs boson to diphoton decays at √s=13 TeV

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    A search for supersymmetry (SUSY) is presented where at least one Higgs boson is produced and decays to two photons in the decay chains of pair-produced SUSY particles. Two analysis strategies are pursued: one focused on strong SUSY production and the other focused on electroweak SUSY production. The presence of charged leptons, additional Higgs boson candidates, and various kinematic variables are used to categorize events into search regions that are sensitive to different SUSY scenarios. The results are based on data from proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 77.5 fb(-1). No statistically significant excess of events is observed relative to the standard model expectations. We exclude bottom squark pair production for bottom squark masses below 530 GeV and a lightest neutralino mass of 1 GeV; wino-like chargino-neutralino production in gauge-mediated SUSY breaking (GMSB) for chargino and neutralino masses below 235 GeV with a gravitino mass of 1 GeV; and higgsino-like chargino-neutralino production in GMSB, where the neutralino decays exclusively to a Higgs boson and a gravitino for neutralino masses below 290 GeV

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