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Zeytinlik mikrobiyomunda fenolik madde indirgenmesinde rol alan genlerin değerlendirilmesi
No full textThesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 46-55)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and EnglishThe olive tree (Olea Europea L.) is one of the most important fruit trees in Mediterranean countries. Its products, olive oil and table olives, are important components of the Mediterranean diet and widely consumed all around the World. Olives and virgin oil provide a rich source for phenolic compounds. The plant phenolics are secondary metabolites, and possesses several common biological and chemical properties. In this study, microorganisms were collected from soil, olive leaves, fruits, and Olive fruit fly larva and Olive mill wastewater (OMWW). They were characterized by 16S rRNA analysis. The microorganisms that were tolerant to phenolic compounds were selected in order to seek which genes were associated with the phenolic compound degradation. The genes related to the degradation of the selected organisms were identified by Sanger Sequencing and the level of phenol-degrading gene expression were aimed to be compared by using qPCR and Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR). Microorganisms which degrade phenolic compounds can be harnessed for the purpose of bioremediation. However, the number of defined phenolic compound degrading microorganisms is still low in the literature. For this reason, many different microorganisms were used at the same time for bioremediation. Investigation of olive orchard microorganisms and phenolic-degrading genes might benefit bioremediation in the future. In this study, 8 different bacterial strains were identified and characterized from olive orchards. After that, their phenol hydroxylase and catechol 1,2 dioxygenase genes tried to be sequenced with primers designed by using of reference strains in NCBI database.Zeytin ağacı (Olea Europea L.) Akdeniz ülkelerindeki en önemli meyve
ağaçlarından biridir. Bu ağaçların ürünleri, zeytin yağı ve sofralık zeytin Akdeniz
beslenme biçimin en önemli bileşenleri oluşturur ve dünya çapında tüketilir. Zeytin ve
zeytin yağı fenolik bileşikler adına zengin bir kaynak sunar. Bitkisel fenolik bileşikler
ikincil metabolitler olarak birtakım ortak biyolojik ve kimyasal özellikle barındırırlar.
Topraktan, zeytin yapraklarından, zeytinlerden, Akdeniz meyve sineğinin larvasından ve
zeytin fabrikası atık suyundan toplanan mikroorganizmalar, 16S rRNA analizi ile
karakterize edilmiştir. Fenolik bileşiklerin yıkımıyla ilgili genlerin izolasyonu için fenolik
bileşiklere toleransı olanlar seçilmiştir. Seçilen organizmaların yıkımla ilgili genleri
sekanslanarak saptanmıştır ve gen ekspresyonu seviyesi qPCR ve Droplet Digital PCR
(ddPCR) ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Fenolik bileşikleri yıkabilen mikroorganizmalar çevresel iyileştirme sürecine
kullanılabilir. Ancak, farklı çeşitlilikte fenolik bileşikleri yıkan mikroorganizmaların
sayısı hala az oldiğu için birden fazla mikroorganizma çevresel iyileştirme çalışmalarında
aynı anda kullanılmaktadır. Zeytinliklerdeki mikroorganizmaların araştırılması çevresel
iyileştirme için potansiyel vaat etmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, zeytin bahçelerinden izole edilen 8 farklı bakteri suşu tanımlanmış
ve karakterize edilmiştir. Fenol hidroksilaz ve katekol 1,2 dioksijenaz genleri NCBI veri
tabanında referans suşlar kullanılarak tasarlanan primerler kullanılarak sekanslanmaya
çalışıldı
Yapay ve doğrudan güneş ışığı altında boya ile duyarlaştırılmış ve duyarlaştırılmamış grafen oksit-TiO2 kompozitlerinin fotokatalitik aktivitesinin karşılaştırmalı bir çalışması
No full textThesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Photonics, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 44-57)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and English.Amine modified graphene oxide (mGO) and TiO2 composite was synthesized by low temperature hydrothermal method. Characterization of the synthesized material was carried out by using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and BET analysis techniques. The films of mGO:TiO2 and formerly synthesized TiO2, N-TiO2, GO-TiO2 and GO:N-TiO2 were fabricated by doctor blade method and employed as photocatalysts for the photodegradation of Rhodamine-B (RhB) dye under simulated (Xe lamb) and direct sun-light. P25 was also used as reference photocatalyst for all of the synthesized ones. Photodegradation of RhB was monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Among all the catalysts, GO:N-TiO2, the composite of GO and N-doped TiO2, presented the best photocatalytic activity and although the activity of mGO:TiO2 was better than the activities of P25 and TiO2, it presented lower degradation rate constant even than that of the N-TiO2. It is proposed that increased abundance of C-C bonds and decreased number of oxygenated functional groups on mGO:TiO2, in addition to the morphological difference between GO (sheet like) and mGO (dot like) has great influence on their photocatalytic activities. Among the GO containing photocatalysts including mGO:TiO2, specific surface area (SSA) and number of RhB molecules per film volume were the lowest and particle size was the highest for mGO:TiO2. Although the number of RhB molecules per film volume was higher in mGO:TiO2 than that of the N-TiO2, it is thought that approximately 2 folds higher SSA of N-TiO2 allowed better photocatalytic performance. Additionally, the films were sensitized with PTE dye to obtain effective catalysts in visible region and reusability of the films were also tested. Degradation rate constants of all fabricated films have increased under both of the irradiation media and no significant change in rate constants were detected after the reusability tests.Amin modifiye grafen oksit (mGO) ve TiO2 kompoziti, düşük sıcaklık
hidrotermal yöntemi ile sentezlendi. Sentezlenen malzemenin karakterizasyonu, X-ışını
kırınımı, X-ışını fotoelektron spektroskopisi ve BET analiz teknikleri kullanılarak
gerçekleştirildi. mGO: TiO2 filmleri ve daha önce sentezlenen TiO2, N-TiO2, GO-TiO2
ve GO: N-TiO2 filmleri, bıçak sıyırma yöntemiyle üretildi ve simüle edilmiş (Xe lamba)
ve doğrudan güneş ışığı altında, Rhodamine-B (RhB) boyasının fotodegradasyonu için
fotokatalizör olarak kullanıldı. P25, sentetik fotokatalizörlerin tümü için referans olarak
kullanılmıştır. RhB'nin fotodegradasyon süreci UV-Vis spektroskopisi ile izlenmiştir.
Tüm katalizörler arasında GO ve N katkılı TiO2 kompoziti olan GO: N-TiO2, en
iyi fotokatalitik aktiviteyi sergilemiştir ve mGO: TiO2'nin aktivitesi, P25 ve TiO2'nin
aktivitelerinden daha iyi olmasına rağmen, N-TiO2'den dahi düşük bozunma hız sabiti
sunmuştur. GO (tabaka benzeri) ve mGO (nokta benzeri) arasındaki morfolojik
farklılığa ek olarak, mGO: TiO2 üzerinde C-C bağlarının bolluğunun artması ve oksijen
içeren fonksiyonel grupların sayısının azalması, fotokatalitik aktiviteleri üzerinde büyük
etkisi olduğu önerilmiştir. mGO:TiO2 dahil GO içeren fotokatalizörler arasında,
spesifik yüzey alanı (SSA) ve birim film hacmi başına RhB molekül sayısı mGO: TiO2
için en düşük ve partikül büyüklüğü en yüksektir. Birim film hacmi başına RhB
molekül sayısı mGO: TiO2'de, N-TiO2'den daha yüksek olmasına rağmen, yaklaşık 2 kat
daha yüksek N-TiO2 SSA' sının daha iyi fotokatalitik performansa izin verdiği
düşünülmektedir.
Ek olarak, görünür bölgede etkili katalizörler elde etmek için, filmler PTE
boyası ile duyarlaştırıldı ve filmlerin tekrar kullanılabilirliği de test edildi. Üretilen tüm
filmlerin bozunma hızı sabitleri her iki ışık ortamı altında da artmıştır ve yeniden
kullanılabilirlik testlerinden sonra hız sabitlerinde önemli bir değişiklik saptanmamıştır
Çift simetri eksenli I-enkesitli çelik elemanların doğrusal değişen momentler altındaki yanal burulmalı burkulma davranışı
No full textDue to technical developments and wider range of applications in the steel structures, significance of the research on structural stability problems become forward. Lateral torsional buckling is a major problem especially for doubly symmetric I-shaped steel members subjected to flexure about their strong axis. If these members are not appropriately braced against lateral deflection and twisting, they are under the risk of failure by lateral torsional buckling prior to the reach their load carrying capacity. In this study, elastic lateral torsional buckling behavior of doubly symmetric I-shaped steel members under linear moment gradient is investigated considering a proposed method, several design standards and codes, approaches from the literature and finite element analysis. Proposed method herein is based on finite difference solution of lateral torsional buckling differential equation considering linear moment gradient. Different unbraced member lengths and various end moment values are considered in order to compare and evaluate these approaches in terms of critical moment and moment modification factor. Analysis results show that lateral torsional buckling is a key issue for doubly symmetric I-shaped steel members that are under flexure and it is reflected satisfactorily with the proposed method considering the design codes and standards, approaches from the literature and finite element analysis results
Search for long-lived particles using nonprompt jets and missing transverse momentum with proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV
No full textA search for long-lived particles decaying to displaced, nonprompt jets and missing transverse momentum is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016-2018. Candidate signal events containing nonprompt jets are identified using the timing capabilities of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter. The results of the search are consistent with the background prediction and are interpreted using a gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking reference model with a gluino next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle. In this model, gluino masses up to 2100, 2500, and 1900 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for proper decay lengths of 0.3, 1, and 100 m, respectively. These are the best limits to date for such massive gluinos with proper decay lengths greater than similar to 0.5 m. (C) 2019 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V
Experimental and numerical investigation of forced convection in a double skin facade by using nodal network approach for Istanbul
No full textIn this study, temperature distribution and heat transfer through the cavity of a double skin facade (DSF) was investigated in the laboratory environment and analyzed numerically by using nodal network approach. The verification of the nodal network method was conducted by using data from the steady-state experiments and the same method was applied for the climate of Istanbul, Turkey under unsteady outside boundary conditions. Furthermore, heat gain and loss values in DSF for January and July were calculated and compared with single skin facade (SSF) application for different directions of the facades. The results were given for a day and a working time period of the office buildings by using monthly average daily climate data. Distinction working hours were more convenient to investigate the energy performance of DSF because of solar radiation effect. Using DSF in all directions, the cooling loads decreased up to 26% comparing to the SSF. DSF system was disadvantageous comparing to the SSF for January. However, it was shown that the heated air in the cavity could be used for preheating process of air in a HVAC system for winter period
Measurements of differential Z boson production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV
No full textMeasurements are presented of the differential cross sections for Z bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV and decaying to muons and electrons. The data analyzed were collected in 2016 with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb?1. The measured fiducial inclusive product of cross section and branching fraction agrees with next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics calculations. Differential cross sections of the transverse momentum pT, the optimized angular variable ???, and the rapidity of lepton pairs are measured. The data are corrected for detector effects and compared to theoretical predictions using fixed order, resummed, and parton shower calculations. The uncertainties of the measured normalized cross sections are smaller than 0.5% for ???< 0.5 and for pTZ< 50 GeV. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2019, The Author(s)
Combination of searches for Higgs boson pair production in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV
No full textPubMed: 30978057This Letter describes a search for Higgs boson pair production using the combined results from four final states: bb gamma gamma, bb tau tau, bbbb, and bbVV, where V represents a W or Z boson. The search is performed using data collected in 2016 by the CMS experiment from LHC proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). Limits are set on the Higgs boson pair production cross section. A 95% confidence level observed (expected) upper limit on the non-resonant production cross section is set at 22.2 (12.8) times the standard model value. A search for narrow resonances decaying to Higgs boson pairs is also performed in the mass range 250-3000 GeV. No evidence for a signal is observed, and upper limits are set on the resonance production cross section
Search for supersymmetry with a compressed mass spectrum in the vector boson fusion topology with 1-lepton and 0-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV
No full textA search for supersymmetric particles produced in the vector boson fusion topology in proton-proton collisions is presented. The search targets final states with one or zero leptons, large missing transverse momentum, and two jets with a large separation in rapidity. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13TeV collected in 2016 with the CMS detector at the LHC. The observed dijet invariant mass and lepton-neutrino transverse mass spectra are found to be consistent with the standard model predictions. Upper limits are set on the cross sections for chargino ((chi) over tilde (+/-)(1)) and neutralino ((chi) over tilde (0)(2)) production with two associated jets. For a compressed mass spectrum scenario in which the (chi) over tilde (+/-)(1) and (chi) over tilde (0)(2) decays proceed via a light slepton and the mass difference between the lightest neutralino chi(0)(1) and the mass-degenerate particles (chi) over tilde (+/-)(1) and (chi) over tilde (0)(2) is 1 (30) GeV, the most stringent lower limit to date of 112 (215) GeV is set on the mass of these latter two particles
Rule-based automatic question generation using semantic role labeling
No full textThis paper proposes a new rule-based approach to automatic question generation. The proposed approach focuses on analysis of both syntactic and semantic structure of a sentence. Although the primary objective of the designed system is question generation from sentences, automatic evaluation results shows that, it also achieves great performance on reading comprehension datasets, which focus on question generation from paragraphs. Especially, with respect to METEOR metric, the designed system significantly outperforms all other systems in automatic evaluation. As for human evaluation, the designed system exhibits similar performance by generating the most natural (human-like) questions
Hücre-altı organel hedefli floresan silika nanotaneciklerin geliştirilmesi
No full textThesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 54-60)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and EnglishSilica nanoparticles have been studied extensively in cellular applications due to their physicochemical properties. The surface of silica nanoparticles represent the key parameter in biological studies. Owing to their versatile surface chemistry, have ability to increase bioavailability and selectivity. Therefore, it is significant to understand how biomolecules interact with the surface of silica nanoparticles. The study reviews how synthesized both negative and positive potential silica nanoparticles and can transfer their properties to the cells. In the second part, our synthesized silica nanoparticles were characterized physicochemically using some instrumental devices. To answer the role of silica nanoparticles in the cells, some outcomes such as viability test, image analysis, colocalization analysis and mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated. A549 (adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells) and BEAS-2B (human bronchial epithelial cells) cell lines were selected in our studies. Our results showed the cytotoxicity was dose and time dependent in direct proportion. Mitochondrial accumulation were observed in cells treated with the silica nanoparticles according to Pearson’s Coefficient Correlation and Image J analysis. The study concluded that the silica nanoparticles can be used in the field of targeted delivery and bioimaging in cellular studies.Nanotanecikler fizikokimyasal özellikleri sebebiyle hücresel çalışmalarda çok
tercih edilmektedir. Silika nanotaneciklerin yüzey kimyası değiştirilerek biyolojik
çalışmalarda uygulanabilir hale getirilebilir. Çok yönlü yüzey kimya platformuna sahip
olmaları nedeniyle, biyoyararlanımı ve seçiciliği arttırma yeteneğine sahiptir. Bu
nedenle, biyomoleküllerin silika nanoparçacıkların yüzeyi ile nasıl etkileşime girdiğini
anlamak önemlidir.
Bu çalışma hem negatif yüklü hem de pozitif yüklü silica nanoparçacıkların
nasıl sentezlendiğini ve özelliklerini hücrelere nasıl aktardıklarını inceler. İkinci
kısımda, sentezlenen iki farklı silika nanotaneciğin karakterizasyonu enstrümental
analiz cihazlar yardımıyla tayin edilmiştir. Silica nanotaneciklerin hücredeki davranışını
öğrenmek için canlılık testi, görüntü analizi, kolokalizasyon analizi ve mitokondri
potansiyel ölçümü gibi deneyler yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmalarımızda A549 ve
BEAS-2B hücre hatları seçilmiştir.
Çalışmalarımız göstermektedir ki, sentezlenilen silika nanotanecikler doz ve
zamana doğrudan bağlı olarak sitotoksisiteye etki etmektedir. Pearson Korelasyon
Katsayısı ve Image J analiz sonuçlarına göre, sentezlenilen silika nanotaneciklerin
hücrede mitokondri içerisinde biriktiği gözlemlenmiştir.
Sonuç olarak, silica nanotaneciklerin hedefe yönelik taşıyıcı uygulamalarda
veya biyogörüntülemede kullanılmaları beklenmektedir