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A comparative analysis on healthcare spending efficiency among the g-8 countries and Turkey
No full textRecently, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of people coming to Turkey from high-income countries to benefit from the healthcare system. This increasing demand for Turkish healthcare-related services has led us to compare the efficiency of the country's healthcare spending to highly industrialized countries. Specifically, COVID-19 has indicated the important of every country reaching healthcare efficiency. The efficiency of healthcare expenditure facilitates reaching maximum healthcare outcomes with minimum healthcare inputs. This paper evaluates the cross-country healthcare spending efficiency ranking across the countries of the Group of Eight (G8) and Turkey between 2000 and 2018. We measured the efficiency values of healthcare spending using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). We also evaluated the fluctuations in healthcare spending of the studied countries on a yearly basis via the Malmquist Index. The findings indicate that Turkey has been the most technically efficient across all years. Turkey managed the optimal use of its inputs by an average increase of 1.7% on the Technical Efficiency Exchange (TEC) value. Furthermore, the results reveal that Turkey follows Italy in total productivity growth in healthcare expenditures. Turkey has managed to increase its success in reaching an efficient production line much more than other countries during the research period. The sustainability of these improvements depends on Turkey's development of the capacity and realization to benefit from healthcare technolog
Expectations of Syrian refugee and Turkish parents living in Gaziantep from preschool teachers in the context of ınclusive education
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to comparatively reveal what parents of both Syrian refugee and Turkish children in a multicultural educational environment expect from preschool teachers in the context of inclusive education. This study was designed as a phenomenology study from qualitative research designs. In this study, conducted using the interview technique, the views of Syrian refugee and Turkish parents with preschool-age children on their expectations from teachers in the context of inclusive education were examined. The study group consisted of 20 parents, 10 Turkish parents and 10 Syrian refugee parents living in Gaziantep city centre, selected by snowball sampling method. According to the results, it was determined that the expectations of Turkish and Syrian parents overlapped in some points, while in some cases they diverged. When the parents' expectations from the teachers were analyzed, it was concluded that Syrian refugee parents had expectations mainly related to language. In contrast, Turkish parents had expectations mostly related to the affective characteristics of the teacher
Teknoloji kabul modeli kapsamında e-öğrenme platformlarının kullanım algısı ölçeğinin uyarlanması ve farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi
Get PDFTeknolojinin hızla ilerlemesiyle birlikte öğrenme ortamları da dijital dünyada önemli bir konum kazanmıştır. E-öğrenme platformlarının yaygınlaşması, yükseköğretimde önemli değişikliklere yol açmış ve bu platformların öğrenciler tarafından benimsenmesini etkileyen faktörlerin anlaşılmasını gerektirmiştir. Bu çalışma, yükseköğretim öğrencilerinin e-öğrenme platformlarına yönelik algılarını farklı değişkenler temelinde araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, yapı geçerliliği açısından verilere iyi uyum sağlayan, 46 maddeden oluşan Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM) kapsamında E-Öğrenme Platformlarının Kullanım Algısı Ölçeği Türkçeye uyarlanmıştır. Daha sonra uyarlanan ölçek kullanılarak katılımcıların e-öğrenme platformlarını kullanım algıları ve ölçeğin alt boyutlarından aldıkları puanlar, farklı değişkenler göz önünde bulundurularak incelenmiştir. Toplanan verilerle yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, ölçeğin orijinalinde geçerli olan beş faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca hesaplanan Cronbach alfa ve McDonald’s Omega değerleri, ölçeğin güvenilir olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Katılımcıların e-öğrenme platformlarını kullanım algıları ve ölçeğin alt boyutlarından aldıkları puanlar, cinsiyet ve bölüme göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermezken, sınıf düzeyine göre yapılan incelemede anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, ilgili alanyazın bağlamında tartışılmıştır
Depresyon tanısı almış kişilerde denge eğitiminin denge, fiziksel aktivite ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisi
Get PDFDepresif semptomlar; düşme riskinin artmasına ve fiziksel fonksiyonlarda azalmaya neden olur. Bu araştırma depresyon tanısı almış kişilerde denge eğitiminin; denge, fiziksel aktivite ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla planlandı. Çalışmaya yaşları 18-60 yıl arasında değişen 39'u kadın, 9'u erkek olmak üzere 48 katılımcı dahil edildi. Katılımcılar alınma kriterlerine uygun denge eğitimi grubu (n=24), kontrol grubu (n=24) olmak üzere basit rastgele yöntemle 2 gruba ayrıldı. Denge eğitimi grubuna (DEG) psikiyatrik tedavilerine ek olarak haftada 3 gün 6 hafta boyunca 30-45 dakika süreyle denge egzersizleri uygulandı. Kontrol grubundaki (KG) katılımcılara psikiyatrik tedavileri dışında herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. Katılımcılar tedavilerinin başında ve 6 hafta sonunda olmak üzere 2 kere değerlendirildi. Depresyon için; Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), yaşam kalitesi için; Kısa Form 36 (SF-36), statik denge için; Romberg Test ve Flamingo Denge Testi (FDT), dinamik denge için; Y Denge Testi (YDT), Fonksiyonel Uzanma Testi (FUT), Fullerton Gelişmiş Denge Ölçeği (FAB-T), fiziksel aktivite için; Ipaq Short Form, Pedometre ve 6 Dakika Yürüme Testi kullanıldı. Denge eğitimi sonunda; DEG'in FDT'sinde artış tespit edilirken (p<0,05), KG'de fark yoktu (p>0,05). DEG'de YDT ölçümünde hem sağ hem sol bacak için anterior, posteromedial ve posterolateral uzanmalarda artış tespit edilirken (p<0,05), KG'de hiçbir uzanma için farklılık tespit edilmedi (p>0,05). FUT DEG'de artarken (p<0,05), KG'de fark yoktu (p>0,05). DEG'de FAB-T için büyük etkiye sahip (d=1,12) artış tespit edilirken (p<0,05), KG'de zayıf etkiye sahip (d=0,34) artış tespit edildi (p<0,05). Fiziksel aktivite ortalamasında DEG'de artış tespit edilirken (p<0,05), KG'de değişiklik olmadı (p<0,05). Yaşam kalitesinde DEG'de bütün alt parametrelerde iyileşme varken (p<0,05), KG'de de ağrı parametresi hariç (p>0,05) diğer parametrelerde iyileşme vardı (p<0,05). Yaşam kalitesi açısından DEG ile KG karşılaştırıldığında ise DEG'in iyileşmesi KG'ye göre daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Çalışmamız, depresyon tanısı almış kişilerde denge eğitiminin; denge, fiziksel aktivite ve yaşam kalitesi açısından olumlu etkilere sahip olduğunu gösterdi. Depresyon tedavisinde fiziksel bir yaklaşım olarak uygulanan denge eğitimi; bireyin denge fonksiyonunu geliştiren, fiziksel aktivite düzeyini artıran, yaşam kalitesini iyileştiren ve kolay ulaşılabilen bir seçenek olarak değerlendirilebilir.Depressive symptoms; It causes an increased risk of falling and a decrease in physical functions. This research shows that balance training in people diagnosed with depression; It was planned to determine its effect on balance, physical activity and quality of life. 48 participants, 39 women and 9 men, aged between 18 and 60 years, were included in the study. Participants were divided into two groups by simple random method; balance training group (n=24) and control group (n=24), which met the inclusion criteria. In addition to their psychiatric treatment, balance exercises were applied to the balance training group (BTG) for 30-45 minutes, 3 days a week for 6 weeks. Participants in the control group (CG) did not receive any treatment other than psychiatric treatment. Participants were evaluated twice, at the beginning of their treatment and at the end of 6 weeks. For depression; Beck Depression Scale (BDI), for quality of life; Short Form 36 (SF-36), for static balance; Romberg Test and Flamingo Balance Test (FBT), for dynamic balance; Y Balance Test (YBT), Functional Reach Test (FRT), Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (FAB-T), for physical activity; Ipaq Short Form, Pedometer and 6 Minute Walk Test were used. At the end of balance training; While an increase was detected in the FBT of BTG (p<0,05), there was no difference in CG (p>0,05). While an increase was detected in anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral reaches for both the right and left legs in the YBT measurement on BTG (p<0,05), no difference was detected for any reach on CG (p>0,05). While FRT increased in BTG (p<0,05), there was no difference in CG (p>0,05). While an increase with a large effect (d=1.12) was detected for FAB-T in BTG (p<0,05), an increase with a weak effect (d=0.34) was detected in CG (p<0,05). While an increase in physical activity average BTG was detected (p<0,05), there was no change in CG (p<0,05). While there was an improvement in all sub-parameters in the quality of life on BTG (p<0,05), there was an improvement in all parameters on CG except the pain parameter (p>0,05). When BTG and CG were compared in terms of quality of life, the improvement in BTG was higher than in CG (p<0,05). Our study shows that balance training in people diagnosed with depression; It showed that it has positive effects in terms of balance, physical activity and quality of life. Balance training applied as a physical approach in the treatment of depression; It can be considered as an easily accessible option that improves the balance function of the individual, increases the level of physical activity, improves the quality of life
Hybrid optimization based harmonic minimization in three phase multilevel ınverter with reduced switch topology
Get PDFThis study presents an innovative hybrid optimization approach that combines teaching-learning based optimization (TLBO) with the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for selective harmonic elimination (SHE) technique in a modified reduced switch topology three phase multilevel inverter (MLI). The proposed topology requires fewer switches than a conventional cascaded H-bridge MLI and another reduced switch topology in a single phase MLI. Once applied to an 11-level inverter, this hybrid strategy effectively tackles the issues of harmonic reduction and total harmonic distortion (THD) on the line-to-line voltage, significantly improving the quality of the output power through the optimal determination of switching angles. The study leverages the TLBO and WOA to solve the non-linear set of equations associated with the SHE controls technique, aiming to overcome the limitations of classical methods prone to local optimal solutions and dependent on initial controlling parameters. This method has been performed in two steps, during the first step TLBO has been executed and in the next step the solutions derived from TLBO has been used as an initial guess for WOA which ensures the attainment of the precisely converged solution. By using MATLAB®/Simulink software environment, the performance of the hybrid TLBO with WOA method has been simulated and benchmarked against traditional standalone metaheuristic techniques. The simulation results reveal that proposed hybrid approach becomes advantageous in terms of SHE and output voltage quality across various modulation indices. The experimental results verified that the proposed algorithm has been validated through the implementation of a three-phase 11-level inverter. This study highlights the significant potential of the hybrid optimization method in progressing harmonic minimization techniques within the multilevel inverters. © 2013 IEEE
Rare coagulation factor deficiencies: Multicenter experience with 188 cases
No full textObjective: Rare factor deficiencies are a group of autosomal recessive bleeding disorders (with the exception of dysfibrinogenemia), which are characterized by the deficiency or dysfunction of one or more coagulation factors (F)I, FII, FV, FV+FVIII, FVII, FX, FXI, FXII, and FXIII. Materials and Methods: 188 patients with a rare factor deficiency from seven distinct pediatric hematology centers in Turkey were obtained for the study. Results: 60 (31.9%) patients had a family history of bleeding. Consanguinity was detected in 85 patients (45.2%). 128 patients (68.1%) were symptomatic; the most common bleeding symptom was epistaxis (34.6%) and followed by the bleeding of skin (19.1%), oral cavity (16.1%), soft tissue (8%), central nervous system (CNS) (6.2%), uterine (4.9%), joint (3.7%), gastrointestinal system (GIS) (3.7%), and urinary system (US) (3.7%). The first bleeding sites consist of nose (39%), CNS (10.9%), oral cavity (10.9%), skin (10.9%), umbilical cord (10.2%), GIS (5.5%), US (5.5%), heel (4.7%), and musculoskeletal system (2.3%). CNS hemorrhage was the most common in fibrinogen (n:4), FVII (n:6), and FX (n:2) deficiency, umbilical cord bleeding was the most common in fibrinogen (n:3) and FXIII (n:7) deficiency, heel bleeding was frequently seen in fibrinogen (n:6) deficiency. The life-threatening bleedings were CNS (n:27, 77.1%), GIS (n:7, 20%), and iliopsoas (n:1, 2.9%), respectively. The reasons leading to the diagnosis were bleeding (57.4%), preoperative screening (15.4%), incidental (15.4%), family history (6.4%), and postoperative bleeding (5.3%). 2/5 FXII deficiency patients had mild bleeding symptoms. Conclusion: As bleeding disorders are somehow a rare group of disorder, early diagnosis and treatment are critical to reduce the high morbidity and mortality
Effect of three different exercise trainings on functional capacity in early stage severe burn patients: A randomized controlled trial
No full textBACKGROUND: This study investigated the effects of three different exercise protocols on functional capacity in early-stage burn patients. METHODS: A total of 25 patients hospitalized in the Burn Center (wards and intensive care unit) were included in the study. The individuals were divided into three groups by covariate adaptive randomization according to burn percentage and type: 1-standard treatment, 2-standard treatment + aerobic exercise training, 3-standard treatment + combined exercise (aerobic and resistance) determined by metabolic status. Individuals were evaluated weekly for six weeks from the first day of hospitalization using the 6-min-ute walk test, physiological cost index, and Medical Research Council muscle-strength measurements to assess functional capacity. A portable metabolism tracker device measured the metabolic status of all patients. RESULTS: Aerobic exercises and combined exercise (aerobic and resistance), when added to standard treatment and determined by metabolic status, were more effective in enhancing functional capacity than standard treatment alone (p<0.05). Patients performing the combined exercise (aerobic and resistance) showed faster improvement in functional capacity determined according to metabolic status than those in the other two groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Aerobic exercises, when added to standard treatment and combined with aerobic and resistance exercises based on metabolic status, are more effective at improving functional capacity than standard treatment alone. Further controlled studies are required to explore the potential long-term benefits of this approach. © 2024, Turkish Association of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. All rights reserved
Grafen kuantum noktaları ile birleştirilmiş NiAl2O4nanokompozit bazlı moleküler baskılı elektrokimyasalsensör içeren kahve örneklerinde 5-hidroksimetil furfuraltespiti
Get PDF5-Hidroksimetil furfural (HMF), fruktoz, sükroz ve glikoz gibi şekerlerin asidik bir ortamda veya Maillard reaksiyonu sırasında dehidre edilmesiyle üretilen bir ara maddedir. Şekerli gıdaların uygun olmayan sıcaklıklarda saklanması nedeniyle de oluşur. Ayrıca HMF, ürünlerde kalite kriteri olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kahve örneklerinde HMF'nin seçici olarak belirlenmesi için NiAl2O4 (GQDs–NiAl2O4) nanokompozit içeren grafen kuantum noktalarına dayalı yeni bir moleküler baskılı elektrokimyasal sensör geliştirilmiştir. GQDs–NiAl2O4 nanokompozitinin yapısal karakterizasyonları için çeşitli mikroskobik, spektroskopik ve elektrokimyasal yöntemler gerçekleştirilmiştir . Moleküler olarak basılmış sensör, 100.0 mM pirol monomer ve 25.0 mM HMF varlığında döngüsel voltametri (CV) kullanılarak çoklu tarama yoluyla hazırlandı. Yöntem optimizasyonundan sonra sensör, 0,30 ng L−1 tespit limiti (LOD) ile 1,0–10,0 ng L−1 aralığında HMF'ye doğru doğrusallık ortaya çıkardı. Geliştirilen MIP sensörünün yüksek tekrarlanabilirliği, seçiciliği, kararlılığı ve hızlı tepki yeteneği, kahve gibi yoğun tüketilen içeceklerde güvenilir HMF tespiti sağlayabilmektedir. Böylece bu yöntem, HMF'nin başta insan olmak üzere canlı organizmaların sağlığı üzerindeki olası olumsuz etkilerini tespit edip ortadan kaldırarak sağlık ve beslenme alanında önemli katkılar sağlayabilir. Bu çalışmada geliştirilen sensör ile HMF kaynaklı hastalıkların erken teşhisi daha mümkün olacaktır ve daha sağlıklı toplumların oluşması, toplumun sağlık düzeyinin yükseltilmesi de önemli bir geri dönüş olabilir.5-Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) is an intermediate produced by dehydrating sugars, such as fructose, sucrose, and glucose, in an acidic medium or during the Maillard reaction. It also occurs due to the storage of sugary foods at inappropriate temperatures. In addition, HMF is seen as a quality criterion in products. In this study, a novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on graphene quantum dots incorporated NiAl2O4 (GQDs–NiAl2O4) nanocomposite was presented for the selective determination of HMF in coffee samples. Various microscopic, spectroscopic, and electrochemical methods were carried out for the structural characterizations of GQDs–NiAl2O4 nanocomposite. The molecularly imprinted sensor was prepared by multi-scanning using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in the presence of 100.0 mM pyrrole monomer and 25.0 mM HMF. After method optimization, the sensor revealed linearity towards HMF in the range of 1.0–10.0 ng L−1 with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.30 ng L−1 . The developed MIP sensor's high repeatability, selectivity, stability, and fast response ability can provide reliable HMF detection in beverages, such as coffee, which is heavily consumed. Therefore, this method can make important contributions in the field of health and nutrition by detecting and eliminating the possible negative effects of hmf on the health of living organisms, especially humans. With the sensor developed in this study, early diagnosis of HMF-related diseases will be more possible, and the formation of healthier societies and raising the health level of society may also be an important return
6 Şubat depremlerinin genel seçimlerde seçmenin siyasi tercihine etkileri: "Kahramanmaraş örneği"
Get PDF6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde saat 04.17'de meydana gelen çifte depremler 6 Şubat depremleri olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Türkiye'nin 11 ilini etkileyen depremler bölgede yaşayan insanlar başta olmak üzere ülke genelinde derin bir travmaya neden olarak insanları psiko-sosyal açıdan olumsuz olarak etkilemiştir. Afet ve sonrası yapılan arama kurtarma ve bölgeye yardım ulaştırma çabalarının seçmende ne derece etkili olduğu, 14 Mayıs 2023'te yapılan genel seçim sonuçları ile 24 Haziran 2018'de yapılan genel seçim sonuçları karşılaştırılarak ortaya konmuştur. Bu tezin araştırma problemi 6 Şubat depremlerinin Kahramanmaraş ilinde seçmenin siyasi tercihi üzerindeki etkisini saptamaktır. Kavramsal çerçevede öncelikle afet ve afet çeşitleri konuları ikincil kaynaklardan elde edilen verilerle açıklanmış, Türkiye'nin deprem gerçeği konusunda yazılan makalelerden faydalanılarak literatürde konu ilgili alan yazın taraması yapılmış, sonrasında seçmen ve seçmen davranışını etkileyen faktörler ele alınarak 6 Şubat depremleri sonrasında yapılan 2023 genel seçimlerinde seçmenin 6 Şubat depremleriyle ilintili olarak siyasi tercihinde herhangi bir değişikliğe gidip gitmediği konusunda anket çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Şehrin siyasi temsilcileriyle gerçekleştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat neticesinde elde edilen sonuçlar ile 24 Haziran 2018 tarihinde yapılan genel seçim sonuçları ve 14 Mayıs 2023 tarihinde yapılan genel seçim sonuçlarının analizi karşılaştırılarak araştırma ölçüsünde depremlerin seçmenin siyasi tercihine önemli etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. Gerek felaketin merkez üssü olması gerek seçim sonuçları nedeniyle gündeme gelen Kahramanmaraş ili, on bir ili etkileyen deprem bölgesinde çalışmada özellikle seçilmiş olup çalışma Kahramanmaraş il merkezi ve diğer tüm ilçelerinde yapılan anket çalışması ve en çok oy alan dört siyasal partinin il ya da merkez ilçedeki temsilcilikleri ile görüşülerek çıkan sonuçlardan elde edilen verilerin raporlaştırılması ile tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmanın, alanında ilk olması nedeniyle 6 Şubat depremleri olarak nitelendirilen büyük afetin ve afet sonrası yürütülen faaliyetlerin seçmenlerin siyasi tercihlerinde etkisi olup olmadığının saptanmasının ve bundan sonra seçmen davranışını belirleyen sosyo-psikolojik faktörler konusunda yapılacak olan araştırmalarda afetin seçmen davranışını ne denli etkilediği hususunda literatüre alanında katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.The double earthquakes that occurred at 04:17 on February 6, 2023 are called the February 6 earthquakes. The earthquakes that affected 11 provinces of Turkey caused a deep trauma throughout the country, especially the people living in the region, and negatively affected people psycho-socially. The effectiveness of the search and rescue and aid delivery efforts to the region during and after the disaster was revealed by comparing the results of the general election held on May 14, 2023 with the results of the general election held on June 24, 2018. The research problem of this thesis is to determine the effect of the February 6 earthquakes on the political preference of the voters in Kahramanmaraş province. In the conceptual framework, first of all, the issues of disaster and types of disasters were explained with the data obtained from secondary sources, a literature review was made in the literature by using the articles written on the earthquake reality of Turkey, and then the factors affecting the voter and voter behavior were discussed and in the 2023 general elections held after the February 6 earthquakes, whether the voters made any changes in their political preferences in relation to the February 6 earthquakes Survey studies were conducted. By comparing the results obtained as a result of the semi-structured interview with the political representatives of the city with the analysis of the general election results held on 24 June 2018 and the general election results held on 14 May 2023, it was seen that earthquakes did not have a significant effect on the political preference of the voters in the research measure. The province of Kahramanmaraş, which came to the fore due to the fact that it was the epicenter of the disaster and the election results, was specially selected in the study in the earthquake zone affecting eleven provinces, and the study was completed with the survey conducted in the city center of Kahramanmaraş and all other districts and the reporting of the data obtained from the results obtained by interviewing the representatives of the four political parties with the most votes in the province or central district. Since the study is the first in its field, it is expected to contribute to the literature on how much the disaster affects voter behavior in the researches to be carried out on the socio-psychological factors that determine voter behavior, and to determine whether the major disaster, which is described as the February 6 earthquakes, and the activities carried out after the disaster have an effect on the political preferences of the voters
Attitudes of sport parents towards children's eating habits
Get PDFToday, parents have assumed important roles in shaping their children's eating habits in social and daily life. Especially the tendency of parents who do sports to transfer their healthy lifestyles to their children has positive effects on children's eating habits. This study examines the attitudes of parents on this issue and the effects of these attitudes on children's eating habits. In line with the aim of the study, the attitudes of parents who do sports towards their children's eating habits were investigated. The rationale of the study is to focus on how parents' attitudes towards nutrition affect their children's eating habits and the contribution of these attitudes to children's general health and sports performance. The findings of the study show that parents' nutrition attitudes are critical for children to develop a healthy lifestyle. This study was conducted between 2023-2024 and 860 parents and their children participated in the study. The data obtained from the study were collected using a 5-point Likert-type scale form with validity and reliability and analysed with SPSS 22.0 software. Various statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test, ANOVA, factor and regression analyses were used in the study. The findings obtained at the end of the research show that parents' nutritional attitudes have significant effects on children's eating habits. Parents' attitudes towards healthy eating and physical activity positively affect children's eating habits. Children of parents who do sports develop healthier eating habits, are more active and take part in physical activities. The study reveals that parents' nutritional attitudes contribute to children's general health and sports performance. © 2024, Campus EDUCA SPORTIS S.L.. All rights reserved