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Comparative production of flood inundation maps of Pona Creek and Örtülü Creek in Ardanuç (Artvin) district with FLO-2D and HEC-RAS software
Full text linkİklim değişikliğinin etkisiyle dünya genelinde meteorolojik karakterli doğal afetlerin sayısı
her geçen yıl artmaktadır. Ülkemizde de son yıllarda şiddetli yağışlar nedeniyle taşkın
afetlerinde büyük bir artış olduğu gözlenmektedir. Çoruh Havzası, gerek topoğrafik, beşeri
ve hidrometeorolojik özellikleri gerekse havza üzerinde yer alan derelerde sıklıkla
taşkınların yaşanması nedeniyle taşkın afeti yönünden önemli havzalardan biri
sayılmaktadır. Bu sebeple taşkın afetlerine dayalı muhtemel can ve mal kayıplarının
önlenebilmesi ve zararların minimuma indirilebilmesi için havzadaki derelerin hidrolojik
açıdan değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada bir hidrolik model kullanılarak
taşkın yayılım haritalarının üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada
Çoruh havzası üzerinde yer alan, Artvin ili Ardanuç ilçesinde bulunan, Pona Deresi ve Örtülü
Deresi çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmada arazi modelleme işlemleri için ArcGIS
yazılımı, sonuçlara ait konumsal sorgulamalar ve haritalama işlemleri için ArcGIS yazılımı,
hidrolik analizler için ise FLO-2D ve HEC-RAS yazılımları kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda
ilgili derelere ait hidrolik modelleme gerçekleştirilmiş, maksimum su derinlikleri bilgilerine
ulaşılmış, taşkın yayılım alanları belirlenmiş ve taşkın yayılım haritaları üretilmiştir.With the effect of climate change, the number of meteorological disasters is increasing
year after year around the world. In our country, it has been observed that there has been
a great increase in flood disasters due to heavy rains in recent years. Çoruh Basin is
considered as one of the important basins in terms of either its topographic, human and
hydrometeorological features or flood disasters based on frequently flooding in the
streams of the basin. For this reason, it is necessary to evaluate the streams in the basin
hydrologically in order to prevent possible loss of life and property and to minimize the
damages due to flood disasters. In this study, it is aimed to produce flood inundation maps
using a hydraulic model. For this purpose, Pona and Örtülü Creeks located in the Çoruh
basin and within the borders of Ardanuç district of Artvin province, were selected as the
study area. Several software were used in the study, ArcGIS for terrain modeling, spatial
analysis and mapping, FLO-2D and HEC-RAS for hydraulic analysis. As the results of the
study, hydraulic modeling of the relevant creeks was performed, maximum water depths
were obtained, flood inundation areas were determined and flood inundation maps were
produced
Korzul klinik uygulama tutum ölçeği geçerlik ve güvenilirlik çalışması
Full text linkPurpose: In this study, it was aimed to develop the “Korzul clinical practice attitude scale” in order to determine the
attitudes of students in health branch, who perform clinical practices such as nursing, midwifery and elderly care program,
etc., towards clinical practice.
Methods and Materials: An experiment form consisting of 44 expressions validated in terms of language and
psychometry was applied to a sample of 1203 participants, of which 68% were female and whose age range was 18-34
years. In order to test the reliability of the scale, the Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient and test-retest consistency
were calculated.
Results: The developed “Korzul clinical practice attitude scale” consists of 4 sub-dimensions and 25 items, and it can
explain 52.9 of the total variance for clinical practice attitudes. The total score of the scale ranges from 25 to 125, and the
increase in score means a positive attitude towards clinical practice. The general Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of
the scale was calculated as .90, which indicates high reliability.
Conclusions: According to the results, it is observed that the “Korzul clinical practice attitude scale,”of which validity
and reliability study was performed for the purpose of measuring attitudes towards clinical practice, can perform
measurements in a valid and reliable wayAmaç: Bu çalışmada, hemşirelik, ebelik ve yaşlı bakımı gibi klinik uygulamaları gerçekleştiren sağlık alanındaki
öğrencilerin klinik uygulamaya yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla “Korzul klinik uygulama tutum ölçeği” nin
geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Dil ve psikometri açısından doğrulanmış 44 ifadelik deneme formu; % 68’i kadın, yaş aralığı 18-34 olan 1203
katılımcıdan oluşan bir örnekleme uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini test etmek için Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı
ve test- tekrar test tutarlılığı hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Geliştirilen “Korzul klinik uygulama tutum ölçeği” 4 alt boyut ve 25 maddeden oluşmakta olup, klinik uygulama
tutumları için toplam varyansın 52.9’unu açıklayabilmektedir. Ölçeğin toplam puanı 25 ile 125 arasında değişmekte olup,
puanın artması klinik uygulamaya yönelik olumlu bir tutum anlamına gelmektedir. Ölçeğin genel Cronbach alfa güvenirlik
katsayısı .90 olarak hesaplanmıştır ve bu yüksek güvenilirliği gösterir.
Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, klinik uygulamaya yönelik tutumları ölçmek amacıyla geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
yapılan “Korzul klinik uygulama tutum ölçeğinin” ölçümleri geçerli ve güvenilir bir şekilde yapabildiği görülmektedir
Impact of school closure due to COVID-19 on phonemic awareness of first-grade primary school children
Full text linkThe purpose of the present research was to disclose the impact of school closures due COVID-19 on phonemic awareness of first-grade primary school students. The research sample comprised two cohorts. Cohort-1 consisted of 59 first-grade primary school students, while there were 193 students in Cohort-2. A total of 252 first-grade primary school students were recruited into the research sample. Data were collected with the Phonemic Awareness Test which was specifically designed for the research. Mediation analysis was used for data analysis. Results of the mediation analysis indicated that school closures due to COVID-19 led to significant decreases in phonemic awareness of first-grade primary school students. Results are also discussed along with student-teacher interactions
Sleep quality and factors affecting sleep in individuals with an intestinal ostomy: a descriptive cross-sectional study
No full textBACKGROUND: Multiple factors affect the sleep quality of individuals with intestinal stomas. PURPOSE: This study sought to determine sleep quality and factors affecting sleep in individuals with intestinal ostomies. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sec-tional design was used. This study followed 68 individuals with intestinal stomas at the stoma therapy unit of a university hos-pital. A form was used to gather information about patient demographic and stoma-related data (age, sex, work status, stoma duration, cause and type of stoma, stoma care provider, sleep status during the day, daily coffee consumption, and stoma-re-lated factors affecting sleep), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to score patient sleep patterns. Descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The patients’ mean age was 53.7 ± 13.8 years; 51.5% were male, and 66.2% were married. Of the 68 patients, 41.2% had a diagnosis of rectal cancer, and 55.9% had ileostomies. Mean stoma duration was 24.1 ± 5.8 months, and 57.4% of participants performed their own stoma care. On a scale of 0 to 21, the participants’ mean sleep score was 9.08 ± 5.03, and 66.2% of patients were found to have poor sleep quality. High sleep quality was significantly positively associated with colostomy (odds ra-tio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–2.69; P = .006) and self-performed stoma care (odds ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–2.30; P = .036). CONCLUSION: The results of the current study can provide reference data for future studies and highlight the importance of assessing sleep quality in persons with intestinal stomas
Development of visual-spatial ability test (VSAT) for primary school children: ıts reliability and validity
No full textThe purpose of the present research is to develop a visual-spatial ability test (VSAT) for primary school children. Visual-spatial abilities allow processing of information about an object in terms of shape, colour, texture, perspective, and rotation. The visual-spatial test includes items-tasks for the participants to process information about texture, colour, shape and perspective. A total of 196 primary school children participated in the research. The data were analysed through Rasch analysis and item-response theory. Findings proved that VSAT yields reliable and valid results for assessing the visual-spatial ability of primary school children
Investigating the attitudes and behaviors of households towards green marketing in forest products industry: A case study of Kastamonu
Full text linkŞiddeti gitgide artan çevre problemleri ve azalan doğal kaynaklar, günümüzde gerek tüketicileri gerekse
üreticileri çevreye karşı daha duyarlı olmaya mecbur bırakmaktadır. Yeşil pazarlama kavramı da bu
durumun bir yansıması olarak literatürde kendine yer bulmuştur. Bu çalışma kapsamında Türkiye orman
ürünleri sektöründe çok önemli bir yer tutan Kastamonu ilinin, hane halkının yeşil pazarlamaya dair
bilgileri, bakış açıları ve tüketici olarak tepkilerinin ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu maksatla, il
merkezi hane halkıyla anket çalışması yapılmış olup sonuçlar istatistiksel metotlarla analiz edilmiştir.
Anket kapsamında literatürde doğruluğu kanıtlanmış olan bir yeşil pazarlama ölçeğinden
faydalanılmıştır. Analizler neticesinde, yeşil pazarlama ve tüketici davranışları anketinin genel
ortalamasının 3.65 olduğu ve anket sorularının 3.50-3.79 arasında değerler aldığı belirlenmiştir. Genel
olarak tüketicilerin çevreye önem verdikleri ve bu doğrultuda ekonomik güçleri kapsamında çevre için
yeşil pazarlama faaliyetlerini destekledikleri ve çevreci ürünleri satın alma niyetinde oldukları tespit
edilmiştir. Ayrıca, orman ürünleri işletmelerine de yeşil pazarlama faaliyetlerinde bulunmaları ve bu
faaliyetleri ile ilgili olarak tüketicilerde bir farkındalık oluşturmaları önerilmektedir.Severely increasing environmental problems and decreasing natural resources force both consumers
and manufacturers to be more sensitive to the environment. The concept of green marketing has also
found its place in the literature as a reflection of this situation. Regarding green marketing, to reveal
the knowledge, perspectives, and consumer behaviors of the households of Kastamonu province
which holds an important place in the Turkish forest products industry were aimed within the scope
of this study. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with the households in the city center and the
results were analyzed with statistical methods. In the survey, a green marketing scale, whose accuracy
has been proven in the literature, was used. As a result of the analyses, the mean of the green
marketing and consumer behavior survey was found as 3.65 and the survey questions took values
between 3.50-3.79. The results of the study revealed that the consumers value the environment in
general and support green marketing activities as much as their buying power, and they intend to buy
environmental products. In addition, forest products manufacturers are recommended to engage in
green marketing activities and create awareness among consumers about these activities
Does ecological footprint in ECCAS and ECOWAS converge? Empirical evidence from a panel unit root test with sharp and smooth breaks
No full textThe costs due to climate change have been increasing day by day. In addition to the risk of losing our planet's natural assets due to the increasing destructiveness of climate-related natural disasters and extreme climate events, we are also faced with grave economic risks. For this reason, researchers have recently focused on environmental issues. Nevertheless, they generally have investigated developed countries and ignored developing and least developed countries such as African countries. The United Nations (2015) report highlights that African countries should be specially investigated. Hence, the paper analyzes whether the ecological footprint in the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) and Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) converges for the period from 1961 to 2017. We employ Bahmani-Oskooee et al.'s (2014) panel unit root test with sharp and smooth breaks. The empirical findings demonstrate that the ecological footprint is stationary in ECCAS and ECOWAS. Stated in other words, the ecological footprint in these countries converges. Therefore, policymakers could implement similar policies to reduce the ecological footprint in these countries. This policy framework paves the way for an effective sustainable development
Contribution of the Root Component to Soil Respiration in Oriental Beech Stands in Artvin, Turkey
No full textAutotrophic (root) and heterotrophic respiration components respond differently to environmental variables, and each component behaves differently at different time scales, so it is necessary to partition total soil respiration into its components. The aims of this study were determine soil respiration and its root and heterotrophic components in beech stands, examine the relationship between respiration and biogeochemical factors, and assess seasonal variation in soil respiration. Trenching was applied to separate soil respiration components 6 months before measurements. Monthly soil respiration, temperature and moisture measurements, and seasonal soil and root sampling were carried out in Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) stands located in Artvin Sacinka, Turkey from April 2018 to November 2018 and also (except soil sampling) from May 2019 to November 2019. The average contribution of root respiration and heterotrophic respiration to total soil respiration were 58.8% and 41.2%, respectively. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics explained variations of soil respiration with significant models. This study indicates that soil respiration and its components are associated with biogeochemical factors as well as environmental climatic conditions, and each component of respiration responds differently to changes in them. Study Implications In this study, the trenching application in the beech stand considerably reduced carbon dioxide release. According to corrected soil respiration data by considering increased soil moisture and root decomposition, the dominant respiratory component was root respiration, whereas the contribution from root and microorganism respiratory components varied depending on the season. The mean contribution of root respiration was 58.8% and the mean contribution of heterotrophic respiration was 41.2%. Total soil respiration and its components were affected by changes in soil temperature across seasons. Species-specific biotic factors might also affect the variability in root respiration. In addition, seasonal changes in carbon and nitrogen dynamics affected respiratory components. This study showed that soil respiration and its components were affected by biogeochemical factors as well as climatic conditions, and each component of respiration responds differently to changes in these factors. Therefore, to better understand the dynamics of the carbon cycle in oriental beech stands and other forested ecosystems, similar studies need to be done
Complete mitogenomes of Turkish tree squirrels, sciurus anomalus and S. Vulgaris, (sciuridae: rodentia: mammalia) and their phylogenetic status within the tribe sciurini
Full text linkThe genus Sciurus, a member of the family Sciuridae, is widely distributed in the Holarctic region. To better understand mitogenomic characteristics and to reveal internal phylogenetic relationships of the genus, 20 complete mitogenomes of Turkish tree squirrels were successfully sequenced for the first time, including 19 for S. anomalus (from 16,505 bp to 16,510 bp) and one for S. vulgaris (16,511 bp). The mitogenomes of two species were AT-biased. All tRNAs for two species displayed a typical clover-leaf structure, except for tRNASer(AGY). The tRNA Serine1 (S1)-GCT structure lacked the dihydrouridine (DHU) loop and stem. Based on mitogenomic dataset for phylogeny of Sciurinae, phylogenetic analyses (Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood) did not support monophyly of Sciurus and proposed that S. anomalus, the most basal taxa in the Sciurini tribe, had at least five mitogenome lineages, which were also supported by network analysis. The dissimilarities among the five lineages of S. anomalus ranged from 0.0042 (0.42%) to 0.0062 (0.62%) using K2P sequence pairwise distances. In addition to this mitogenomic analysis result, phylogenetic analyses using the CYTB + D-loop dataset proposed the existence of at least nine lineages for S. anomalus, which was different than those of the previous studies. The current study proposed that the use of mitogenomic data for reconstructing the phylogeny of Turkey's Sciurus holds an important value for revealing evolutionary relationships
Determination of PCB levels indoor and outdoor dust samples of primary schools in Düzce
Full text linkSanayi, trafik ve konut bölgelerinin iç içe geçtiği Düzce ili hızla gelişmekte ve bu nedenle bölgede çevresel kirlilik yoğun olarak hissedilmektedir. Emisyon kaynaklarından çıkan hava kirleticileri ilin coğrafi konumu sebebi dağılamamakta ve önemli sağlık riskleri oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bölgesel kirlilik dağılımı ve çeşitli emisyon kaynaklarını açıklayabilmek için farklı konumlarda toz örnekleri toplanmıştır. Çocuklar hava kirleticileri açısından daha hassas risk grubunda yer alması nedeniyle örneklemeler için ilkokulların iç ve dış ortamları seçilmiştir. Toplanan toz örneklerinde PCB düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Mekanik süpürme tekniği kullanılarak toplanan örneklerde PCB analizleri Gaz Kromatografisi/Kütle Spektrometresi (GC/MS) cihazı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlarda dış ortam ΣPCB konsantrasyonları 0,737-22,307 ng/gr arasında olup, ortalama 3,626 ng/gr olarak bulunmuştur. İç ortam ΣPCB konsantrasyonları ise 17,17–294,22 ng/gr arasında olup, ortalama 66,89 ng/gr olarak bulunmuştur. İç ortam örneklerinde yüksek ∑PCB konsantrasyonları, iç ortam kaynaklarının katkısının ve dış ortamdan taşınım yolu ile iç ortamlarda gerçekleşen birikimin etkisinin daha fazla olduğunu göstermektedir. Dış ortam kaynaklarına göre yapılan değerlendirmede en yüksek konsantrasyonlar daha çok endüstriye yakın noktalarda elde edilmiştir. En düşük konsantrasyonlar ise kırsal örnekleme noktalarında ölçülmüştür.Düzce province, where industry, traffic and residential areas are intertwined, is developing rapidly and therefore environmental pollution is intensely felt in the region. Air pollutants from emission sources cannot be dispersed due to the geographical location of the province and pose important health risks. In this study, dust samples were collected at different locations in order to explain the regional pollution distribution and various emission sources. Because children are more sensitive to air pollutants, indoor and outdoor environments of primary schools were selected for sampling. PCB levels were determined in dust samples collected from indoor and outdoor environments of the primary schools in Düzce. PCB analyses were performed by using the Gas chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) instrument. In the obtained results, outdoor ΣPCB concentrations were between 0.737 and 22.307 ng/gr, with an average of 3,626 ng/gr. Indoor ΣPCB concentrations were between 17.17 and 294.22 ng/gr, with an average of 66.89 ng/gr. High ∑PCB concentrations in indoor samples show that the contribution of indoor sources and the effect of accumulation in indoor environments by transport from the outdoor environments is greater. In the evaluation made according to outdoor sources, the highest concentrations were obtained mostly at points close to the industrial area. The lowest concentrations were measured at rural sampling points