Artvin Coruh University

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    3161 research outputs found

    Utilization of olive mill solid waste in the manufacturing of cement-bonded particleboard

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    This article investigated the effect of using olive mill solid waste (OSW) residue and cement types on some properties of cement-bonded particleboard (CBPB). Therefore, OSW as the wood replacement at four different rates (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) based on wood weight, and two cement types [32,5R Portland Cement (PC) and 52,5R Super White Cement (SWC)] were used in the production of CBPB. 1% NaOH extraction was applied to all OSW materials prior to CBPB production. The experimental boards were subjected to moisture content, density, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond strength tests according to the relevant EN standards. In addition, thermogravimetric and scanning electron microscope analyses were performed to determine boards' thermal and morphological properties. According to the results, the density values of the boards (SWC-boards) produced by using the SWC were found to be higher. With the increase in the amount of OSW, density values were generally increased. The water resistance was higher in the boards used in the SWC. With the increase in OSW, it was observed that water absorption and thickness swelling increased in both cement types. When the effect of the cement types on the mechanical properties were examined, higher values were obtained from the SWC-boards than PC-boards. In addition, as the use of OSW increased, the resistance properties decreased likewise. In thermal properties, intimate results were obtained in weight loss of the boards, and weight loss was higher in the SWC-boards without adding OSW. In morphological features, the increase in OSW ratio caused the boards to have a more hollow structure. In addition, it was observed that the OSW added boards had fewer hydration products [Ca(OH)2 and C–S–H] compared to the other boards

    Lise öğrencilerinin istatistik okuryazarlık düzeyleri ile istatistik okuryazarlık öz yeterlik algıları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

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    The purpose of this study was to examine the existence of a relationship between statistical literacy levels and statistical literacy self-efficacy of high school students. A total of 163 high school students studying at two different high schools in the 10th, 11th and 12th grades constituted the study sample. The "Statistical Literacy Self-Efficacy Instrument" and selected questions from the "Levels of Conceptual Understanding in Statistics (LOCUS)" project, adapted into Turkish, were utilized for data collection. The data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods according to a correlational research design. It was determined from the results that the statistical literacy of high school students was at a "Low" level and their statistical literacy self-efficacy was at an "Intermediate" level. Importantly, the statistical literacy self-efficacy of students was found to be a significant predictor of statistical literacy. It was determined that the strongest predictor of statistical literacy were factors regarding efficacy related to basic statistical concepts and confidence related to the statistical process that follows, while the weakest predictor was a factor regarding the belief related to statistical reasoning. Thus, it was important that this research emphasized the affective aspect of statistical literacy in particular and portrayed that this aspect was of great importance for students statistical literacy. As a result, as part of the statistical teaching and learning process, activities aimed at developing the statistical literacy self-efficacy of students parallel to the target of students statistical literacy is proposed. © 2022 Turkish Education Association. All rights reserved.Bu çalışmanın amacı, lise öğrencilerinin istatistik okuryazarlık düzeyleri ile istatistik okuryazarlık öz yeterlik algıları arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini iki farklı lisede öğrenim gören ve 10., 11. ve 12. sınıfta okuyan toplamda 163 lise öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak “İstatistiksel Okuryazarlık Öz yeterlik Ölçeği” ve Türkçe uyarlaması yapılan “The Levels of Conceptual Understanding in Statistics (LOCUS)” projesinden seçilmiş sorular kullanılmıştır. Korelasyonel araştırma deseninin benimsendiği çalışmada veriler nitel ve nicel yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, lise öğrencilerinin istatistik okuryazarlıklarının “Düşük” düzeyde ve istatistik okuryazarlık öz yeterlik algılarının ise “Orta” düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, öğrencilerin istatistik okuryazarlık öz yeterlik algılarının istatistik okuryazarlıklarının anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İstatistik okuryazarlığının en güçlü yordayıcısının temel istatistiksel kavramlarla ilgili yeterlik ve onu izleyen istatistiksel süreçle ilgili güven duygusu faktörlerinin, en zayıf yordayıcısının ise istatistiksel muhakeme ile ilgili inanç faktörünün olduğu görülmüştür. Böylece bu araştırmanın özellikle istatistik okuryazarlığının duyuşsal yönüne vurgu yapması ve bu yönün öğrencilerin istatistik okuryazarlığı açısından büyük bir öneme sahip olduğunu resmetmesi bakımından önemli olduğu düşülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda istatistik öğretme ve öğrenme sürecinde, öğrencilerin istatistik okuryazarlığının hedef alınmasına paralel olarak istatistik okuryazarlık öz yeterlik algılarının da geliştirilmesine yönelik etkinliklere yer verilmesi önerilmektedir

    Estimating stand top height using freely distributed ICESat-2 LiDAR Data: a case study from multi-species forests in Artvin

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    Forest inventories require up-to-date data on dominant tree height and stand top height from forest sample plots. These data are used to characterize the vertical structure of forests, providing a baseline for volume and yield tables as well as many other biomass studies. Obtaining height information through ground measurement is laborious, costly, and time-consuming. The aim of this study is to estimate stand top heights of the Artvin-Hatila Valley’s forests using freely available laser scanning (LiDAR) data from the ICESat-2 satellite for the first time in Turkey. For this purpose, the dominant tree heights, traditionally measured by digital hypsometer in 52 sample plots, were evaluated by stand types and compared with the ICESat-2 canopy data. Then, two data sets were modeled using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and simple regression methods. The model accuracies were evaluated with correlation (Pearson’s R), coefficient of determination (R2 ), and root mean squared error (RMSE) using ground-based data. The results showed that the CNN-based model performed better than the linear regression model in height estimation. Its R, R2 , and RMSE values were .82, .68, and 4.2 m, respectively. As for stand types, broadleaves-dominated, mature, and fully covered stands seem more appropriate for top height modeling with spaceborne LiDAR data. Degraded, coniferous, and young stands, as well as non-forest areas, barely allow accurate top height estimations due to their complex canopy surfaces and small openings among trees. Given the promising results, we conclude that satellite-based LiDAR systems provide opportunities to forest professionals as a free auxiliary data source for operational forest management in Turkey

    Effects of sustainable governance to sustainable development

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    Sustainable development advocates effective and efficient planning of both present and future use of resources. Governance, on the other hand, is based on the joint and coordinated management of multidimensional variables, which is the basis of the sustainability approach. This study aims to determine how much sustainable governance influences the fulfillment of multidimensional sustainable development. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the variables that reveal the impact of governance on development in terms of sustainability while the gray relational analysis method was used to rank the countries. The results reveal that increases in the number of people using the internet in society, as well as in the levels of developments in e-government and human development, environmental performance, and political reform, all assist countries achieve their SDGs. Furthermore, it was found that governance has a positive and significant impact on SDGs. In addition, an MCDM model consisting of BWM and gray relational analysis was used to evaluate countries based on their performance in sustainable development, the economic, governance and environment. The gray relational analysis results, on the other hand, revealed that developed and wealthy countries ranked first, while underdeveloped countries experiencing instability, such as war and conflict, ranked last. The Nordic countries outperform other countries in terms of governance and sustainability, depending on the strength of their democracy and executive capacity. © 2022 by the authors

    Implementation of the ogc standard 3d tiles with hierarchical data structures in web based management of 3d spatial data

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    3B Kent Modelleri (3BKM) pek çok kent objesinden oluşan yüksek veri hacmine sahip verilerdir. Bu durum 3BKM’lerinin web tabanlı olarak yönetilmesi ve görüntülenmesinde performans sorunları yaratmaktadır. Bu nedenle 3BKM’lerinin bölümlenerek (tiling) daha küçük bölümlere ayrılmaları gerekmektedir. 3D Tiles büyük boyutlardaki 3B veri kümelerinin web üzerinden transferi için tasarlanmış bir spesifikasyon ve OGC standardıdır. 3D Tiles’ın temeli, yalnızca görüntüde görünecek olan bölümlerin web üzerinden transfer edilmesini sağlayan hiyerarşik detay seviyelerine dayanmaktadır. 3BKM’lerinin 3D Tiles spesifikasyonuna göre bölümlenmesini sağlayan herhangi bir açık kaynak kodlu (AKK) web tabanlı yazılım bileşeni bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada 3D Tiles spesifikasyonuna uygun olarak 3B bölümleme yapan web tabanlı açık kaynak kodlu (AKK) yazılım bileşeni geliştirilmiştir. Bölümleme için R-Tree ve Adaptive QuadTree hiyerarşik veri yapıları kullanılmıştır. Üretilen 3B bölümler Cesium.js AKK JavaScript kütüphanesi kullanılarak görselleştirilmiştir. Adaptive Quadtree ve R-Tree veri yapıları 3B bölümleme açısından irdelenmiş, oluşturulma süreleri, veri güncelleme süreleri ve konumsal sorgu performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Böylelikle geliştirilecek uygulamanın genel özelliklerine göre hangi veri yapısının seçilmesi gerektiği belirlenmiştir.3D City Models (3DCMs) consisting of many city objects are huge in size. This situation causes performance problems in web-based management and displaying of 3DCMs. 3DCMs must be decomposed to smaller data chunks called ”tiles”. 3D Tiles is a specification and OGC standard designed for transferring large 3D datasets over the web. 3D Tiles is based on hierarchical detail levels that allow only the parts that will appear in the image to be transferred over the web. There is no open-source web-based component for tiling 3DCMs according to 3D Tiles. In this study, a web-based 3D Tiling component that tiles 3DCMs according to 3D Tiles has been developed. R-Tree and Adaptive QuadTree hierarchical data structures have been used to decompose 3DCM. Generated 3D tiles have been rendered using open source Cesium.js JavaScript library. Adaptive QuadTree and RTree data structures have been investigated in the context of tiling and their performance have been compared in terms of construction times, data update times and spatial query performances. Thus, which data structure should be selected has been determined according to the general characteristics of the application to be developed

    Hydrological evaluation of streamflow drought ındex method for different time scales: a case study of arsuz plain, Turkey

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    Kuraklıkların süreleri ve şiddetlerine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan etkileri nedeni ile kuraklık uzun süredir öncelikli konular arasında yer almaktadır. Hidrolojik kuraklık iklim değişikliği sonucu ortaya çıkan doğada faydalanabileceğimiz temiz su kaynaklarının azalması şeklinde ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Asi Nehri Havzası'nda tarımsal sit alanlarından biri olan Arsuz Ovası hidrolojik kuraklık analizi için uygulama alanı olarak tercih edilmiştir. Öncelikle birbirine yakın konumda bulunan D19A021, D19A022 ve D19A023 numaralı üç farklı Akım Gözlem İstasyonundan (AGİ) elde edilen 1990-2015 yılları arası aylık ortalama akım verileri kullanılarak debi-zaman ve debi süreklilik eğrileri (DSE) oluşturulmuştur. Yine aynı veriler yardımı ile 3, 6 ve 12 ay gibi farklı zaman ölçekleri için Akım Kuraklık İndeksi (AKİ) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, üç istasyonda da pik debi değerlerinin birkaç dönem haricinde birbirine oldukça yakın olduğu görülmüştür. Tüm istasyonlar için 2000 yılı itibariyle havzada Aşırı Kurak ve Aşırı Nemli dönemlerin gerçekleşmeye başladığı gözlemlenmiştir. En nemli dönem 2009 ile 2010 yılları arasında gerçekleşirken, en kurak dönem ise 2014 olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Kuraklığın farklı zaman ölçeklerindeki seyri değerlendirildiğinde son yıllarda kurak dönem sayısında artış gerçekleşmektedir.Drought has been among the priority issues for a long time because of its effects that vary depending on duration and severity. Hydrological drought can be explained as the decrease in clean water resources caused by climate change. In this paper, Arsuz Plain, one of the agricultural protected area in the Asi River Basin, was selected as the case study for the hydrological drought analysis. Firstly, discharge-time and flow duration curves (FDC) were created by using monthly average discharge data between the years of 1990 and 2015 which were obtained from three different Flow Observation Stations (FOSs) (numbered D19A021, D19A022 and D19A023), located close to each other. With the help of these data, Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) values were calculated for different time scales such as 3, 6 and 12 months. Consequently, it has been seen that all three stations have similar results in terms of the peak flow rate values excluding a few periods. As of 2000, it has been observed that Extreme Drought and Extremely Wet periods have started to occur in the basin for these stations. While the most wet period began between the years 2009 and 2010, the driest period was 2014. Considering the course of the drought event in different time scales, it can be concluded that the number of dry periods has increased in recent years

    The problem of definition of knowledge in Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī

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    Bilginin tanımı problemi kelâm ve felsefe geleneklerinde tartışılmış, özellikle mantık tanım teorisinin kelâm disiplinine dâhil olması ile birlikte mütekaddimûn döneminde ortaya konan tarifler sonraki dönem düşünürler tarafından tenkit edilmiştir. Temelde bilginin zarûrî mi yoksa kesbî mi olduğu sorunu etrafında şekillenen bu tartışmaya dâhil olan Şemseddin esSemerkandî (ö. 722/1322), gerek İbn Sînâ’nın el-İşârât ve’t-tenbîhât’ına yazdığı şerhte gerekse kelâm disiplini ile ilgili kaleme aldığı el-Meârif adlı eserinde tanımın çeşitleri ve özellikleri hakkında bilgi vermiştir. Ayrıca bilginin tanımlanıp tanımlanamayacağı sorununu da inceleyen Semerkandî, Fahreddin erRâzî (ö. 606/1210) gibi bilginin anlamının çok açık olduğunu öne sürmüştür. Bu çerçevede İbn Sînâ (ö. 428/1037) özelinde Meşşâî geleneğin ortaya koyduğu bilgi tanımını eleştiren Semerkandî, bilginin varlıksal ve yokluksal tanımlarını belirleyip bunları tenkit etmiştir. Bu çalışma İbn Sînâ’nın temellerini kurduğu ideal tanım nazariyesinin Semerkandî tarafından nasıl ele alındığını ve bunun üzerinden Semerkandî’ye göre bilginin tanımı problemini konu edinmektedir. Ayrıca bu makale ile Semerkandî’nin bilgiyi tanımlamadığı öne sürülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda makalenin girişinde Semerkandî öncesi kelâm geleneğinde bilginin tanımı tartışmalarına ve konunun taraflarına yer verilmiştir. Ardından Semerkandî’ye göre ideal tanımın özelliklerinin belirlendiği bu makalede onun bilgiyi tanımlayıp tanımlamadığı da incelenmiştir.The problem of definition of knowledge has been discussed in the tradition of kalām and philosophy. Especially with the inclusion of logic definition theory in the discipline of kalām, the definitions put forward were criticized by later thinkers. Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī (d. 722/1322), who was included in this discussion, which was mainly shaped around the question of whether knowledge is necessary (ḍarūrī) or acquired (kasbī), wrote the ideal definition and features in al-Meārif and commentary of Avicenna’s al-Ishārāt wa altanbīhāt. In addition, Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī examined the problem of whether knowledge can be defined and -like Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d.606/1210)- argued that the meaning of knowledge is very clear. In this context, Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī, who criticizes the definition of knowledge put forward by the Peripatetic tradition in particular Avicenna (d. 428/1037), determined the ont and non-existent definitions of knowledge and criticized them. This study deals with how the ideal definition theory, which Avicenna founded, was handled by Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī and the problem of definition of knowledge according to Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī. In addition, with this article, it has been argued that Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī did not define knowledge. In this direction, at the beginning of the article, the discussions on the definition of knowledge in the pre-Shams al-Dīn alSamarqandī kalām tradition and the sides of the issue were examined. Then, in this article, in which the characteristics of the ideal definition according to Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī are determined, it is also examined whether he defines knowledge or not

    Medicinal and aromatic plants in Artvin regional gastronomy

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    Geleneksel kültürün önemli bir parçasını oluşturan tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler hem doğadan toplanarak hem de kültürü yapılarak elde edilebilmektedir. Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler ilaç, gıda, baharat, çay, meşrubat, boya, kozmetik, reçine gibi çok çeşitli amaçlarla kullanılmakta olup gıda, baharat, çay, meşrubat vb. özellikleriyle gastronomi biliminin konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Artvin, sahip olduğu bitki sayısı ve çeşitliliği yönünden Türkiye’nin en zengin illerinden birisi olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Dolayısıyla Artvin’de tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler önemli bir gastronomi değeri taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacını Artvin yöresine özgü tıbbi ve aromatik özelliği taşıyan bitkilerin gastronomi bilimi açısından incelenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Tıbbi Aromatik Bitkiler İhtisaslaşma Koordinatörlüğü’nden elde edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında gıda, baharat, içecek, gıda takviyesi, gıda katkı maddesi gibi özellikleri bulunan tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler ile ilgili temel bilgilere yer verilerek Artvin yöresine özgü tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler gastronomi bilimi açısından incelenerek değerlendirilmektedir.Medicinal and aromatic plants, which form an important part of traditional culture, can be obtained both by collecting from nature and by culturing. Medicinal and aromatic plants are used for a wide variety of purposes such as medicine, food, spice, tea, soft drink, paint, cosmetics, resin, and constitute the subject of gastronomy science with their food, spice, tea, and soft drink properties. Artvin is one of the richest provinces of Turkey in terms of the number and diversity of plants it has. Therefore, medicinal and aromatic plants have an important gastronomic value in Artvin. The aim of this research is to examine the plants with medicinal and aromatic properties unique to the Artvin region in terms of gastronomy science. Research data were obtained from Artvin Coruh University Medicinal Aromatic Plants Specialization Coordinator. Within the scope of the research, basic information about medicinal and aromatic plants with features such as food, spice, beverage, food supplement, food additive is given. Then, medicinal and aromatic plants unique to the Artvin region are evaluated in terms of gastronomy science

    Susceptibility assessment and mapping of Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in oriental spruce forests in Artvin, Turkey

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    Ips typographus, which was first identified in 1984 in the oriental spruce forests of Artvin, Turkey, has killed millions of cubic metres of trees. Severe outbreaks of I. typographus following storms resulting in fallen trees and salvage logging done as a part of control activities have caused gaps in the stand canopy of oriental spruce forests. These forests, which have many important functions, such as supplying water, soil conservation and preventing natural disasters in the area they spread, have a fragmented structure because of beetle damages and various traditional utilization practices of the local community. In this study, the local spread of I. typographus in the forests of Hatila Valley National Park and the neighbouring Taşlıca Forest Sub-District was evaluated, and the areas susceptible to the beetle were determined using the frequency ratio method. A total of 120 pheromone traps were employed in the study. A beetle density map of the study area was produced using the inverse distance weighting interpolation method based on the total number of beetles caught by the traps. Then, the correlation between the regions with high I. typographus density and environmental factors that contributed to this situation were determined using the frequency ratio method. An average 6528.70 beetles were caught by the pheromone traps as a result of this study. The density of the beetles was high in 60.64% of the study area, and an average 10,844.25 beetles were caught by the pheromone traps in these areas. The difference in the total number of beetles between areas with high beetle density and those with low or medium beetle density was significant. It was determined that 32.53% of the study area had very high or high susceptibility to I. typographus. Different parameters such as altitude, slope, aspect, distance to forest roads, stand type, topographic wetness index and area solar radiation were found to be associated with the susceptibility of an area to I. typographus

    Beden imajının boyutları: beden imajı ölçeği

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    This study aims at developing a measuring instrument of which validity and reliability for measuring the body images of individuals during adolescence and young adulthood are proven. The study group consists of 384 high school students. The content validity of the study was tested by seeking an expert opinion and the construct validity was tested by applying explanatory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analysis. In the scope of analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics v20.0 and Lisrel 8.80 programs were used. As a result of EFA, a four-factor structure, which explains 62% of the total variance and is composed of 21 items, was obtained. The factors were called “Negative Perception of the Body”, “Evaluation Sensitivity”, “Positive Perception of the Body”, and “Body Change”. As a result of CFA, it was determined that the four-factor structure consisting of 21 items had an adequate fit index. As a consequence of reliability analysis, it was found that the Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficients, calculated for EFA and CFA samples, being .92 and .88 fell within acceptable values. The findings obtained following the item analysis demonstrated that the total score of items listed in the Body Image Scale presented a high level of predictive power and distinctiveness. The Body Image Scale can be defined as a valid and reliable measuring instrument to be used to measure the body image of adolescents and young adults.Bu çalışmanın amacı, ergenlik ve genç yetişkinlik dönemlerindeki bireylerin beden imajını ölçmeye ilişkin geçerliği ve güvenirliği kanıtlanmış bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırma grubunu 384 lise öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada uzman görüşüne başvurularak kapsam geçerliği; açımlayıcı (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) uygulanarak yapı geçerliği test edilmiştir. Analizler kapsamında IBM SPSS Statistics v20.0 ve Lisrel 8.80 programlarından faydalanılmıştır. AFA sonucunda, toplam varyansın %62’sini açıklayan ve 21 maddeden oluşan 4 faktörlü bir yapıya ulaşılmıştır. Faktörler “Bedeni Olumsuz Algılama”, “Değerlendirme Duyarlılığı”, “Bedeni Olumlu Algılama” ve “Bedeni Değiştirme” olarak isimlendirilmiştir. DFA sonucunda, 21 madde ve 4 faktörlü yapının yeterli uyum indekslerine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Güvenirlik analizlerinde AFA ve DFA örneklemleri için hesaplanan Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayılarının .92 ile .88 olarak kabul edilebilir değerler arasında yer aldığı görülmüştür. Madde analizi sonucunda ulaşılan bulgular, Beden İmajı Ölçeği’ndeki maddelerin toplam puanı yordama gücünün ve ayırt edicilik düzeylerinin yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Beden İmajı Ölçeği’nin ergenler ve genç yetişkinlerin beden imajını ölçmek amacıyla kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu belirtilebili

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