Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (JKK)
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Determinants of Interprofessional Collaboration Among Nurses: The Role of Demographics, Work Experience, and Workplace Culture
No full textBackground: Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) enhances the quality and safety of healthcare by integrating the expertise of multiple health professionals; however, its implementation in hospital settings is often hindered by barriers such as ineffective communication, unclear professional roles, hierarchical dominance, and unsupportive workplace culture.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between demographic characteristics, work experience, and workplace culture and the implementation of IPC among nurses.
Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed to examine the association between demographic factors, work experience, and work culture with IPC implementation among nurses at a general hospital in Banten Province, Indonesia. Eighty nurses were recruited using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS version 27.0.
Results: IPC implementation was significantly associated with age (p = 0.048), education level (p = 0.047), work experience (p < 0.001), and work culture (p < 0.001). Work culture emerged as the most influential factor, with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.429 (95% CI: 2.703–20.419).
Conclusion: Both individual demographic factors and organizational context influence nurses’ IPC implementation, with workplace culture being the most influential factor, highlighting the need to foster a collaborative work environment through interprofessional communication training, inclusive decision-making, and supportive institutional policies
Effectiveness of Board Game–Based Education in Enhancing Knowledge and Intention Toward HPV Vaccination Among Adolescent Girls
No full textBackground: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination is recommended for girls aged 11–12 years. However, HPV vaccination coverage in Indonesia remains low, partly due to limited knowledge and low intention to receive vaccination among preadolescent girls. Innovative educational strategies are needed to improve HPV vaccine acceptance.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of board game–based HPV vaccine education in improving knowledge and intention to receive HPV vaccination among adolescent girls.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted involving 144 girls aged 11–12 years, with 72 participants in the intervention group and 72 in the control group. The intervention group received HPV vaccine education through a board game–based approach, while the control group received conventional education. Knowledge and intention toward HPV vaccination were measured using validated questionnaires before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired sample t-tests, and ANCOVA.
Results: After adjustment for baseline scores and age using ANCOVA, the intervention group showed significantly higher post-test knowledge (F(1,140) = 9.65, p = 0.002, partial η² = 0.065) and intention (F(1,140) = 8.69, p = 0.004, partial η² = 0.058) compared with the control group, indicating moderate intervention effects.
Conclusion: Board game–based HPV vaccine education was associated with significant improvements in knowledge and intention toward HPV vaccination among adolescent girls after controlling for baseline differences. However, these improvements were comparable to those achieved through conventional education. Interactive educational approaches may therefore serve as viable and engaging alternatives, rather than superior strategies, for supporting HPV vaccination promotion in school-based program
Usability and User Experience Evaluation of a Geriatric Care Screening Tool for Nursing Practice
No full textBackground: Population aging continues to intensify the demand for comprehensive geriatric nursing assessments, particularly in primary care and community health settings. In many contexts, these assessments are still performed manually, which can be time-consuming, prone to documentation errors, and difficult to integrate into ongoing care planning. Digital screening tools may help address these challenges; however, their effectiveness largely depends on usability and user experience among frontline nurses.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the usability and user experience of the Geriatric Care Screening Tool, a digital application developed to support geriatric nursing assessments, from the perspective of nurse users.
Methods: A usability and user experience evaluation study was conducted using a descriptive quantitative design within a user-centered development framework. Twenty nurses involved in geriatric nursing services participated in the evaluation. User needs were explored through a focus group discussion (FGD), followed by expert content validation of the application. Usability was assessed using the System Usability Scale (SUS), while user experience was evaluated using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Data were analyzed descriptively and interpreted using established benchmark standards.
Results: The mean SUS score was 70.38, indicating marginally acceptable usability with a “Good” adjective rating. UEQ results showed positive user experience across all dimensions. The highest scores were observed in Clarity (1.75), Accuracy (1.20), and Stimulation (1.04). Lower scores were identified in Attractiveness (0.73), Efficiency (0.86), and Novelty (0.65), suggesting areas that require further improvement, particularly related to interface design, navigation speed, and innovative features.
Conclusion: The Geriatric Care Screening Tool demonstrated acceptable usability and a generally positive user experience among nurses. While the application meets basic functional requirements for geriatric nursing assessment, further refinement—particularly in efficiency, visual design, and innovation—is needed to optimize its use in clinical and community practice
The Effectiveness of a Combination of Slow Breathing Exercises and Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Anxiety Levels in Pre-elderly People with Hypertension
No full textBackground: Pre-elderly individuals often suffer from hypertension, a chronic condition that often causes anxiety due to increased sympathetic nervous system activity. By increasing parasympathetic activity and muscle relaxation, non-pharmacological techniques such as Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) and Slow Breathing Exercises (SBE) have been shown to reduce anxiety levels.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of progressive muscle relaxation and slow breathing exercises on anxiety levels in pre-elderly individuals with hypertension in Depok Village, Pakenjeng District, Garut Regency.
Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental, non-randomized pre-post-test design with two groups (intervention vs. control). 100 pre-elderly participants were selected using purposive sampling. The intervention lasted for one month and consisted of two 30-minute sessions per week. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. Results were analyzed statistically using the paired samples t test and the independent samples t test for samples with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: The results of the study found that after the intervention, anxiety scores in the intervention group decreased significantly from a mean of 27.88 (SD 8.47) to a mean of 12.80 (SD 4.82) (p < 0.001), with a substantial effect size (Cohen\u27s d = 2.21). In the control group, the decrease from a mean of 28.82 (SD 9.10) to a mean of 21.94 (SD 7.18) was less pronounced. A significant difference remained between the two groups after the intervention (mean difference = 9.14; 95% CI: 6.72–11.56; p < 0.001), indicating that the combination of SBE and PMR was effective in reducing anxiety.
Conclusion: The combination of slow breathing exercises and progressive muscle relaxation is effective in reducing anxiety levels in pre-elderly people with hypertension. This intervention can be recommended as a non-pharmacological supportive therapy in public health services
Associations Between Physical Activity and Multiple Maternal Health Outcomes Among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textimportant role in maintaining maternal health. However, inappropriate activity levels may be associated with various adverse maternal outcomes. Previous studies have often focused on single health outcomes, limiting understanding of how physical activity relates to multiple maternal conditions within the same population.
Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively examine the associations between physical activity levels and multiple maternal health outcomes, including constipation, low back pain (LBP), blood pressure, chronic energy deficiency (CED), and anemia, among pregnant women.
Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study involved 251 pregnant women consecutively recruited from two community health centers. Physical activity was assessed using the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ), while constipation, LBP, blood pressure, CED, and anemia were measured using the Constipation Assessment Scale (CAS), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and a standardized checklist form. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated for significant associations.
Results: Most respondents reported moderate levels of physical activity. Physical activity level was significantly associated with LBP severity (p = 0.020), with women engaging in vigorous activity showing higher odds of severe LBP compared with those performing sedentary to moderate activity (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 0.94–3.54). No statistically significant associations were observed between physical activity level and constipation, blood pressure, CED, or anemia.
Conclusion: Low back pain was the only maternal health outcome significantly associated with physical activity level in this study. These findings highlight the importance of antenatal care interventions that prioritize screening for LBP, assessment of physical workload patterns, and guidance on safe and balanced physical activity to prevent severe LBP during pregnancy
Understanding Gender Patterns in Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Anemia Prevention Among Junior High School Students
No full textBackground: Anemia remains a prevalent nutritional problem among adolescents, influenced by rapid growth, dietary patterns, and in females menstrual blood loss. Understanding whether gender differences exist in anemia-related knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices is essential for designing effective school-based interventions.
Objective: To describe and compare knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices related to anemia among male and female junior high school students.
Methods: A descriptive comparative study was conducted among 134 junior high school students (grades 7–9) in West Bandung, Indonesia. Participants were selected through random selection within classes at a single school. Knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices were assessed using structured questionnaires. Gender differences were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test due to non-normal data distribution.
Results: Female students demonstrated higher proportions in the high-knowledge category compared with males; however, the difference in knowledge scores between genders did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.060). No statistically significant gender differences were observed in attitudes (p = 0.160) or preventive practices (p = 0.285). Most students of both genders exhibited moderate attitudes and moderate anemia prevention practices.
Conclusion: No statistically significant gender differences were identified in knowledge, attitudes, or preventive practices related to anemia among junior high school students. Although female students tended to show higher knowledge levels, this pattern represents a non-significant trend rather than a confirmed difference. These findings suggest that anemia prevention programs should target both male and female adolescents equally, with emphasis on translating knowledge into consistent preventive behaviors through comprehensive school-based interventions
The Meaning of Burnout in Nursing Practice: An Interpretative Phenomenological Study among Emergency Department Nurses
No full textBackground: Burnout is a multidimensional occupational phenomenon that disproportionately affects nurses working in high-intensity environments such as emergency departments (EDs). While quantitative studies have documented its prevalence and determinants, limited research has explored how nurses themselves interpret and make meaning of burnout within their professional and cultural contexts.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the lived meaning of burnout among emergency department nurses in Indonesia.
Methods: An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was conducted with ten ED nurses recruited through purposive sampling. Participants self-identified as experiencing burnout and had a minimum of one year of ED experience. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and reflective field notes. Analysis followed established IPA procedures, including case-by-case examination, development of emergent themes, and synthesis into superordinate themes. Reflexivity, audit trails, peer debriefing, and member reflection were employed to ensure rigor, in line with COREQ guidelines.
Results: Four superordinate themes were identified: (1) burnout as relentless moral and physical overload, (2) burnout as erosion of self and emotional presence, (3) burnout as tension between professional duty and personal life amid limited organizational support, and (4) burnout as a professional test reinterpreted through spirituality and peer solidarity. Burnout was understood not merely as exhaustion, but as a meaning-laden experience involving identity disruption, moral distress, and adaptive resilience.
Conclusion: Emergency nurses interpret burnout as a complex lived experience shaped by systemic demands, cultural values, and personal meaning-making processes. Addressing burnout therefore requires organizational reform alongside interventions that acknowledge nurses’ moral, emotional, and spiritual dimensions
Effectiveness of a Health Belief Model–Based “Smart Social Media” Module in Reducing Social Media Addiction Among Indonesian Adolescents: A Quasi-Experimental Study
No full textBackground: Adolescent social media addiction has become a growing public health concern in Indonesia, particularly in semi-urban areas, and is linked to negative mental health and academic outcomes. Previous intervention studies often lacked rigorous control designs and contextual relevance, limiting their generalizability.
Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a structured Health Belief Model (HBM)–based “Smart Social Media” module in reducing social media addiction and improving knowledge among Indonesian adolescents.
Methods: A quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design was conducted among 70 senior high school students in Sukoharjo, Indonesia. Participants were assigned to an intervention group (n = 35) or control group (n = 35). The intervention consisted of a single 45-minute session including an educational presentation, interactive HBM-based discussion with a Kahoot quiz, and completion of a social media diary worksheet. Social media addiction and knowledge were measured using a validated 20-item questionnaire (Cronbach’s α = 0.927). Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann–Whitney U tests (α < 0.05).
Results: The intervention group showed a significant increase in knowledge (median change +16.0, p < 0.001) and a significant reduction in social media addiction scores (median change −4.0, p < 0.001), with large effect sizes. The control group showed minimal changes. Between-group post-test differences were statistically significant for both outcomes.
Conclusion: The HBM-based “Smart Social Media” module was effective in reducing social media addiction and improving knowledge among adolescents. Larger multi-site and longitudinal studies are recommended to assess sustained behavioral effect
Motivations and Behavioral Patterns of Sexual Harassment Perpetrators: A Qualitative Study in Bandung City, Indonesia
No full textBackground: Sexual harassment is a persistent social and public health problem, particularly in urban contexts where complex social interactions and power relations are prevalent. While existing research has largely centered on victims’ experiences, limited attention has been directed toward understanding the motivations and behavioral patterns of perpetrators, especially within the Indonesian sociocultural context.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the motivations, behavioral processes, and cognitive patterns underlying sexual harassment perpetration based on perpetrators’ own perspectives in Bandung City, Indonesia.
Methods: A qualitative study employing a phenomenological approach was conducted among individuals convicted of sexual harassment and currently serving sentences in a correctional facility in Bandung City. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes related to motivations, behavioral development, rationalization strategies, and moral awareness.
Results: Six interrelated themes emerged from the analysis. Sexual harassment behavior was driven by internal psychological factors, including sexual desire, curiosity, emotional dysregulation, and low self-control. Social and cultural environments that normalized harassment reinforced these behaviors. Power imbalances between perpetrators and victims facilitated domination and reduced resistance. Harassing behaviors typically developed gradually, starting with minor boundary violations and escalating over time. Perpetrators employed cognitive rationalization and strategic risk management to justify their actions and avoid detection. Moral awareness and remorse varied and often emerged only after legal consequences were experienced.
Conclusion: Sexual harassment perpetration is shaped by a complex interaction of individual, social, and structural factors. Understanding perpetrators’ motivations and behavioral patterns is crucial for informing comprehensive prevention strategies, rehabilitation programs, and policy development. Integrating perpetrator-focused education on consent, emotional regulation, and ethical behavior alongside victim-centered approaches is essential to effectively reduce sexual harassmen
Determinants of Leprosy Incidence in West Bekasi, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBackground : Leprosy remains a chronic infectious disease that can lead to long-term disability when diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Caused by Mycobacterium leprae, the disease primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves and continues to pose public health challenges in several endemic regions, including parts of Indonesia. Understanding the factors associated with leprosy incidence is essential for developing effective prevention and control strategies.
Objective : This study aimed to identify factors associated with the incidence of leprosy at the Danau Indah Cikarang Barat Community Health Center, Bekasi Regency.
Methods : A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 90 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The independent variables examined included age, sex, socioeconomic status, educational level, knowledge, history of contact with leprosy patients, personal hygiene practices, environmental conditions, and access to health information media. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level set at 0.05.
Results : The analysis revealed statistically significant associations between leprosy incidence and contact history, socioeconomic status, personal hygiene, and environmental conditions (p < 0.05). In contrast, age, sex, educational level, and access to information media were not significantly associated with leprosy incidence.
Conclusion : The findings indicate that leprosy incidence is strongly influenced by social, behavioral, and environmental factors. Strengthening health education, improving environmental sanitation, and enhancing early detection and treatment programs are essential to reduce leprosy transmission in endemic areas. These results may serve as valuable input for healthcare providers and policymakers in developing targeted leprosy prevention and control initiatives