Jurnal Kajian Wilayah (JKW)
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Perubahan Iklim dan Suku Bangsa Minoritas di Filipina: Pengalaman dan Pelajaran dari Suku Bangsa Ifugao untuk Masyarakat Asia Pasifik
Get PDFThis paper discusses the global issue of climate change in relation with the life of indigenous people living in northern Luzon of the Philippines, Ifugao Community. The finding reveals that in a way of Ifugao People face profound global problems of climate change, the people cling to their own local knowledge. History shows that for thousands of years Ifugao farmers could adapt to their environment. This includes resiliency to the changes of climate. It is hoped that based on the Ifugao experiences, lesson learned could be drawn for other indigenous communities elsewhere, particularly in Asia Pacific Region which have similar problems.Keywords: Ifugao, climate change, ethnography, local wisdom
From China to Indonesian and to Australia: Two Stories of Struggle for Acceptance
Get PDFPada kurun waktu beberapa abad, orang China meninggalkan kampung halamannya dalam jumlah besar didorong oleh sebab dan niat yang berbeda-beda. Mereka yang berlayar ke selatan mendarat di kepulauan yang kemudian menjadi bagian dari Republik Indonesia. Ada juga yang tiba di benua selatan yang sekarang dikenal sebagai negara Federasi Australia. Meski beragam, gambaran mental mengenai etnis Cina sangat dibatasi oleh stereotip yang sempit. Di Indonesia, etnis Cina digambarkan sebagai orang-orang yang tanpa ampun mengejar laba, seringkali dengan mengorbankan orang-orang di sekitar mereka, dan enggan membantu kesejahteraan masyarakat tempat tinggal mereka. Di Australia, gambaran etnis Cina yang ada di tengah masyarakat luas berkaitan dengan adaptasi, kebiasaan, dan filsafat kehidupan, yang berbeda dari kebanyakan penduduk yang berlatar belakang etnis dan budaya Anglo-Celtic dan Eropa. Tulisan ini berusaha mengangkat ke permukaan dan menganalisis titik-titik gelap dari topik ini, yaitu aspek-aspek tentang diri mereka yang luput dari pandangan-diri etnis Tionghoa, sekaligus aspek-aspek yang lolos dari radar masyarakat luas yang non-Cina
Tantangan Konflik Perbatasan Thailand-Kamboja Bagi Stabilitas ASEAN
Get PDFASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) as one of the worlds leading regional organization is moving forward to develop a more solid entity and to take a bigger role in the world. This rapid development is represented in the well-planned ASEAN Community 2015 and in the optimistic prediction of ASEANs key role in the Asian Century 2050. Nevertheless, regional stability as the main requirement to realize those development still have to face challenges, particularly dispute and conflict that exist among its member countries. This qualitative research will describe Thai-Cambodia border conflict and its potential impact toward regional stability. Besides, analysis on ASEANs effort to deal with these challenges will also be conducted.Keywords: ASEAN, Cambodia, conflict, dispute, and Thailand
Bureaucratic Reforms in Four Southeast Asia Countries
Get PDFTata pemerintahan yang baik merupakan masalah penting selama dua dekade terakhir. Good governance telah menjadi paradigma baru menggantikan paradigma lama dalam administrasi publik yang dikembangkan oleh Max Weber. Model konvensional seperti administrasi umum semua tentang pemerintah telah ditinggalkan dan diganti dengan yang baru, yang melibatkan kerjasama dari tiga unsur: pemerintah, masyarakat sipil, dan sektor usaha. Tata pemerintahan yang baik terjadi tidak hanya ketika politisi yang jujur dan akuntabel, tetapi juga ketika pegawai negeri sipil yang efisien dan produktif. Sejak awal, kualitas pemerintahan telah sebagian besar tergantung pada kualitas orang yang menjalankannya. Sayangnya, reputasi pejabat publik berbicara untuk dirinya sendiri di hampir negara-negara berkembang dengan tidak terkecuali di negara-negara Asia Tenggara. Ada persepsi umum bahwa birokrasi di negara-negara yang sebagian besar masih tidak efisien dan korup. Tulisan yang mengambil kasus di empat negara Asia Tenggara ini akan mengungkapkan situasi yang sebenarnya dari kualitas dan perilaku pegawai negeri sipil di negara-negara tersebut
Masalah Globalisasi di Indonesia: Antara Kepentingan, Kebijakan, dan Tantangan
Get PDFThere are two fundamental issues facing globalization problem todays, namely the economic competition and the threat of the nations unity as the question of regional conflict. Indonesia, in this context, is expected more conscious and aware to various challenges of globalization. To respond the globalization challenges, since 2006, through a variety of research from research centers under Social and Humanities Deputies, Indonesia Institute of Science has addressed these challenges. Through a study of literature on all those conducted research, the availability of information and the institutional arrangement for the stakeholders (local and national) with reference to globalization problem has still become a fundamental issue. This paper aimed to recommendation policy on globalization in Indonesia, regarding the need for cooperation in the form of joint ventures and strategic alliances between governments, transnational actors and civil society. Al those stakeholder are required to and obliging in order to face competition and also as part of disputes solutions as well as capacity building to prepare rough leader cadres. The Government could facilitate such efforts.Keywords: Globalization, Stakeholder, Policy, Challenge
Cyberocracy as a Social Movement in The New Burma
Get PDFCyberocracy adalah istilah untuk menunjukkan gerakan demokrasi yang menggunakan fasilitas internet. Sepanjang sejarah Burma, Saffron Revolution adalah salah satu peristiwa demonstrasi yang fenomenal. Demonstrasi tersebut dimotori oleh para biarawan yang selama ini tidak pernah menunjukkan pertentangan dengan pemerintah ataupun pihak militer. Demonstrasi ini juga menunjukkan bagaimana interaksi antara aktivitas politik melalui internet dan gerakan nyata di masyarakat berhasil membuahkan sebuah revolusi.Kata kunci: Cyberocracy, internet, Revolusi Saffron, gerakan sosia
Menjadi Muslim di Freiburg: Studi Kasus Praktik Keagamaan Komunitas Muslim di Freiburg, Jerman
Get PDFThere are many studies focus on minority cases that done by many researchers or scholars. But most of studies correlate minority group with the discrimination issues, human right, freedom, or the relation toward majority group and state. This study, then, provides another side of minority life of Moslem in Freiburg, Germany. Specifically, this study is explaining the religious practice of Moslem in Freiburg and asking on how do Moslems practice their religion in Freiburg individually,how does the Moslems daily life in Freiburg regarding the religious practice, and how does the Moslem organizations role for the existence of the Islam religious practice in Freiburg. To gain data, this research uses qualitative method through observation, participant observation, and interview. From this research, well know that every Moslem has their own ways to practice their religion.They still associate themselves toward the community or organization based on ethnic or nationality, including practicing religious rituals. Some of informants are still identifying themselves as Turkish, Palestinian, Arabic, Algerian, or other nationality not as Freiburger. In addition, there are some changes regarding Islamic religious practice. They also do not always require the provision of facilities, but tend to adapt for their religious practice. In their daily interaction, not all of the informants are interacting with their non-Moslem friends. The level of religiosity also affect their social interaction and ways to practice religion. However, they are still trying to achieve the balance of life, both as Moslem and Freiburger.Key words: Moslem community, religious practice, ethnic boundary, interaction, adaptation
DUKUNGAN NORWEGIA TERHADAP PERDAMAIAN DI MYANMAR: STUDI KASUS MYANMAR PEACE SUPPORT INITIATIVES (MPSI)
Get PDFMyanmar is well-known of its military junta and their prolonged conflicts. Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi has fought for Myanmar democracy since the late 1990’s. Unfortunately, the military put her in prison after his party winning the election in 1990. However, since constitutional change in 2008 and the general election in 2010 and 2012, Myanmar social and political condition has turned dramatically. Democracy has paved the way for Suu Kyi party to control the government, in such put Htin Kyaw as the first Myanmar President since the 1962 coup. As a result of this democratic condition, Norway support to Myanmar has increased significantly in the last few years. Support related to the promotion of democracy and emergency assistance has to be the focal point in this assistance. Peacemaking would be likely accepted if starts from democracy promotion efforts, including sending humanitarian assistance. Often, conflicts occur due to dissension among political elites, including the suffering of people experienced a shortage of daily needs because of the unresolved conflict. Norway main program in Myanmar is the Myanmar Peace Support Initiative (MPSI) program. MPSI is a program that aims to create peace in the regions that having ceasefires, such as Myanmar for instance. This article will explain a little about the historical-political conditions of Myanmar in the beginning. After that, the main focus of this paper is to explain what efforts are made by Norway in several fields in Myanmar to support the efforts for peace through MPSI. The main data in this paper obtained directly during the authors overseas course in Oslo, Norway in 2013, and also through an interview via e-mail to several parties in Norway that the authors consider competent.AbstrakNegara Myanmar dikenal dari junta militer dan konfliknya yang berkepanjangan. Pemenang hadiah Nobel Perdamaian Aung San Suu Kyi sejak akhir tahun 1990-an telah bertarung bagi demokrasi di Myanmar. Sayangnya, junta militer memasukkannya ke dalam penjara setelah partai yang dipimpinnya memenangi pemilihan umum tahun 1990. Akan tetapi, sejak perubahan konstitusi tahun 2008 dan pemilihan umum tahun 2010 dan 2012, kondisi sosial politik Myanmar berubah secara dramatis. Demokrasi telah melapangkan jalan bagi partai Suu Kyi untuk menguasai pemerintahan, dengan demikian menempatkan Htin Kyaw sebagai President sipil Myanmar pertama sejak kudeta tahun 1962. Sebagai akibat dari kondisi demokrasi Myanmar yang semakin membaik, dukungan Norwegia terhadap Myanmar meningkat secara signifikan sejak beberapa tahun terakhir. Dukungan terkait promosi terhadap demokrasi dan bantuan darurat di Myanmar menjadi fokus utama Norwegia. Upaya menuju perdamaian lebih memungkinkan untuk diterima apabila dimulai dari upaya-upaya promosi demokrasi, termasuk mengirimkan bantuan kemanusiaan. Terkadang, konflik terjadi karena pertikaian di antara para elit politik, termasuk penderitaan rakyat yang mengalami kekurangan bahan kebutuhan sehari-hari karena konflik yang tak terselesaikan. Program utama Norwegia di Myanmar adalah program Myanmar Peace Support Initiative (MPSI). MPSI adalah program yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan perdamaian di wilayah-wilayah yang sedang terjadi gencatan senjata, seperti di Myanmar. Pada awal tulisan ini akan dijelaskan sedikit tentang kondisi sejarah dan politik Myanmar. Setelah itu, fokus utama dari tulisan ini adalah untuk menjelaskan upaya-upaya apa saja yang dilakukan Norwegia, di dalam beberapa bidang di Myanmar, untuk mendukung perdamaian melalui MPSI. Data utama dalam tulisan ini didapatkan saat penulis melakukan kuliah kerja luar negeri di Oslo, Norwegia tahun 2013, serta melalui wawancara melalui email dengan beberapa pihak di Norwegia yang penulis anggap kompeten