Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts
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Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Exuvien der Libellen Deutschlands (Odonata)
No full textDetermination key of German damselfly and dragonfly exuviae (Odonata) – An identification key for the exuviae and final-instar larvae of all 82 damselfly and dragonfly species recorded in Germany to date is presented. The introduction describes methods and search strategies for collecting exuviae, presents phenological aspects being important for exuviae
surveys, and introduces methods for recording exuviae. Information is given on the storage, transport and shipping of exuviae and the preservation of larvae. Materials and procedures for the preparation and identification of exuviae and larvae are described.
The terminology used in the key to describe the morphological features of exuviae and larvae is given by presenting figures and a glossary. In the main section the determination key for exuviae of all 82 damselfly and dragonfly species recorded in Germany is presented. The breakdown is done down to the species level, except for the following species and species pairs, as no reliable distinctive features are known for them so far: Coenagrion puella/C. pulchellum and Sympecma fusca/S. paedisca, as well as Sympetrum meridionale, whose distinguishing features from S. sanguineum and S. striolatum are not yet sufficiently known.
The key baises on the currently known and published distinctive features for exuviae and final-instar larvae, focusing on differentiation characteristics that have proven to be robust and reliable and are also easily recognisable for beginners in exuviae identification
Achieving Transparency and Minimizing Losses of Rough Additively Manufactured Optical Components by a Dip-Coating Surface Finish
No full textAdditive manufacturing of optical, electrical, and mechanical components is a beneficial approach for the rapid prototyping of components and error elimination, with short turnaround times. However, additively manufactured components usually have rough surfaces that need post-processing, particularly for optical components, where the surface roughness must be a small fraction of the wavelength. We demonstrate an innovative and economical approach by dip-coating with the same resin used for printing in a simple post-processing step, providing high transparency to the 3D-printed optical components and reducing surface roughness while achieving perfect index matching of the coating layer. The surface roughness of the 3D-printed optical components drops to 5 nm (arithmetic average) after the dip-coating process. We observed significant performance enhancements after comparing the unprocessed optical components and the dip-coated optical components, including optical transparency and a shiny surface finish for previously rough surfaces
Circular Facade Design: The Importance of end of life scenarios to reduce environmental Impact
No full textThis study explores the transition from a linear to a circular economy in the building and construction industry, focusing on the environmental impacts of façade systems in office buildings. The linear „Take-Make-Dispose“ model contributes significantly to resource consumption, waste generation, and CO2 emissions, with the construction sector responsible for 35% of global waste. The EU‘s Circular Economy Action Plan emphasizes designing products to minimize waste and retain resources, highlighting the importance of end-of-life (EoL) considerations in construction. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is employed to evaluate the environmental impacts of design decisions, particularly for stick curtain wall systems, which are widely used in office buildings. The research adopts a mixed methodology, combining literature review and design process analysis, focusing on frame materials (aluminum, steel, wood) and glass options. Three EoL scenarios—reuse, recycling, and demolition—are assessed to determine their impact on embodied carbon. The study is limited to office buildings in Germany, with a case study in Stuttgart, due to the prevalence of stick systems in such structures. Preliminary findings indicate that reuse scenarios generally have the lowest environmental impact, though outcomes vary based on material combinations. By systematically analyzing EoL scenarios, this research provides a framework for optimizing façade designs to enhance sustainability, reduce waste, and promote circularity in real-world construction projects
Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation
No full textThe application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for the automated generation of assembly instructions shows significant potential for improving work preparation in production processes. However, challenges remain regarding the overall information quality and precision of the generated instructions. In light of these challenges, this study explores how the information quality of automatically generated assembly instructions can be enhanced through the targeted provision of structured input data, such as Assembly and Quantity BOMs (Bills of Materials), as well as the use of optimized prompt chaining techniques. The methodology employs ChatGPT-4o in combination with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) within the Microsoft Azure environment. The results demonstrate that structured data inputs, particularly the use of Assembly BOMs with defined Tool-to-Component relations, significantly improve the precision and relevance of the generated instructions. Despite these advancements, achieving consistent information quality remains a barrier to broader practical implementation. Therefore, feedback loops should be integrated into the assembly instruction generation process to ensure continuous refinement and reliability. Future research should investigate the use of RAG or similar frameworks, focusing on optimizing data structures and implementing feedback mechanisms to enhance the automated generation of assembly instructions
Performance Comparison between Semi‐Automated and Manual Cell Counting for Animal Cell Culture
No full textDetermining cell density and viability with (semi‐)automated methods enables rapid cell cultivation analysis. However, scientific validation is required, typically by comparing results to manual counting. To address this, we present a method to evaluate and compare two cell counting methods exemplified by a manual and a semi‐automated method (Countstar BioTech). Experiments followed validation parameters aligned with the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) Q2(R1) guideline and a dilution series design based on ISO 20391‐2:2019. Both the semi‐automated and manual methods showed comparable specificity and linearity for Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)‐K1 cells. The semi‐automated method exhibited superior repeatability for total cell density, whereas cell viability results showed no significant difference
