Bulletin of Siberian Medicine / Бюллетень сибирской медицины
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ПОВЕРХНОСТНО МОДИФИЦИРОВАННЫЕ МАГНИТНЫЕ НАНОЧАСТИЦЫ ДЛЯ МЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ
Get PDFUnique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials arouse a great interest of specialists of various fields. Materials based on nanostructures purchase new mechanical, optical, and electrical properties. Great practical importance is the magnetic properties of materials, structural elements which lie at the nanoscale. Nanomaterials with magnetic properties have been used in drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia, magnetic separation, and magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic properties of nanoparticles depend on many factors, such as particle size and shape, chemical properties and lattice type. Magnetic characteristics can be changed by the interaction of particles with the surrounding matrix and neighboring particles.Unfortunately, many studies show that a great disadvantage of the unmodified nanoparticles is their non-specific interaction with the cells, which leads to their accumulation outside the target organs, also toxicity of nanomaterials and their low colloidal stability. Surface modification of nanoparticles can solve this problem. Development of nanostructures based on magnetic nanoparticles and functionalized by biocompatible agents is one of the main targets of nanobiotechnology
ГАЗОМЕДИАТОРЫ: ОТ ТОКСИЧЕСКИХ ЭФФЕКТОВ К РЕГУЛЯЦИИ КЛЕТОЧНЫХ ФУНКЦИЙ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЮ В КЛИНИКЕ
Get PDFNitric oxide II (NO), carbon monoxide (СО) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) for many decades were described as the toxic gases inducing damaging action in man’s organisms. Recently it was found that NO, CO and H2S endogenously synthesized and served as signaling molecules of autocrine and paracrine regulation in many systems. The properties, mechanisms of synthesis and action in excitable systems are presented in this paper. Besides we also descried our results concerning the effects and mechanisms of action of gaseous messengers in peripheral nervous system – in neuromuscular junction. В течение многих десятилетий оксид азота (II) (NO), монооксид углерода (СО) и сероводород (H2S) описывались как токсичные газы, оказывающие повреждающие эффекты на организм человека. Недавно было обнаружено, что NO, CO и H2S эндогенно синтезируются и являются сигнальными молекулами, выполняющими как аутокринную, так и паракринную регуляцию во многих системах организма. В настоящей статье представлены данные о свойствах, ферментах синтеза и механизмах действия газообразных посредников в возбудимых системах. Кроме того, описываются результаты собственных исследований по выявлению эффектов и механизмов действия NO, СО и H2S в периферической нервной системе – в области нервно-мышечного синапса
ПРЕИ НЕОПЛАСТИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ БРОНХИАЛЬНОГО ЭПИТЕЛИЯ ПРИ ПЛОСКОКЛЕТОЧНОМ РАКЕ И АДЕНОКАРЦИНОМЕ ЛЕГКОГО
Get PDFThe data on modern views on the problem of pre-cancerous changes (epithelial hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, preneoplasia (dysplasia I) and neoplasia (dysplasia II-III) when squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma of the lung are summarizes in the present review. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, which is considered precancerous process for adenocarcinoma of the lung, due to the rare occurrence in the review is not considered. The attention is focused on the classification of morphological characteristics of precancerous changes in respiratory epithelium. The analysis of frequency and reversibility of preand neoplastic changes in bronchial epithelium. We discuss the connection between the nature of the changes of respiratory epithelium in the bronchi, developing simultaneously with squamous cell cancer or adenocarcinoma of the lung, with tumour progression.Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии Сибирского отделения РАМН, Томск, Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет, ТомскВ настоящем обзоре обобщены данные о современных взглядах на проблему предраковых изменений (эпителиальная гиперплазия, плоскоклеточная метаплазия, пренеоплазия (дисплазия I степени) и неоплазия (дисплазии II–III степени)) при плоскоклеточном раке и аденокарциноме легкого. Атипическая аденоматозная гиперплазия, считающаяся предраковым процессом для аденокарциномы легкого, в силу редкой встречаемости в обзоре не рассматривается. Акцентировано внимание на классификации, морфологическую характеристику предраковых изменений респираторного эпителия. Проведен анализ частоты встречаемости и обратимости преи неопластических изменений бронхиального эпителия. Рассматривается связь характера изменений респираторного эпителия в бронхах, развивающихся синхронно с плоскоклеточным раком или аденокарциномой легкого, с прогрессированием опухоли
К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ ДИСФУНКЦИИ МИОКАРДА
Get PDFThe authors of the review have analyzed papers published on the problem of ischemic myocardial dysfunction. They begin with a definition of the term “ischemia” (derived from two Greek words: ischō, meaning to hold back, and haima, meaning blood) - a condition at which the arterial blood flow is insufficient to provide enough oxygen to prevent intracellular respiration from shifting from the aerobic to the anaerobic form. The poor rate of ATP generation from this process causes a decrease in cellular ATP, a concomitant rise in ADP, and ultimately, to depression inotropic (systolic) and lusitropic (diastolic) function of the affected segments of the myocardium. But with such simplicity of basic concepts, the consequences of ischemia so diverse. Influence of an ischemia on myocardial function so unequally at different patients, which is almost impossible to find two identical cases (as in the case of fingerprints). It depends on the infinite variety of lesions of coronary arteries, reperfusion (time and completeness of restoration of blood flow) and reactions of a myocardium which, apparently, has considerable flexibility in its response. Ischemic myocardial dysfunction includes a number of discrete states, such as acute left ventricular failure in angina, acute myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiomyopathy, stunning, hibernation, pre- and postconditioning. There are widely differing underlying pathophysiologic states. The possibility exists that several of these states can coexist
ОЖИРЕНИЕ КАК ФАКТОР РИСКА ТРОМБОЭМБОЛИИ ЛЕГОЧНОЙ АРТЕРИИ
Get PDFThe aim of the study. Based on the data of the Register of new cases of hospital pulmonary embolism (PE) in hospitals in Tomsk (2003–2012), to explore the contribution of obesity to the development of venous thromboembolism.Material and Methods. Study were subjected to medical history and records of autopsies of patients treated in hospitals in Tomsk in 2003–2012, who at patologoanatomic and/or instrumental study revealed pulmonary embolism. The degree of obesity was assessed according to WHO criteria (1997). Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the software package for PC Statistica 8.0 for Windows. To test the normality of the distribution of quantitative traits using the Shapiro–Wilk test and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov with the adjusted Lillieforsa. Check the equality of the population variance was performed using Fisher's exact test and Cochran. Was considered statistically significant level of p < 0.05.The results of the study. In Western Siberia, Tomsk, a register of hospital pulmonary embolism (2003–2012). In the register included 720 patients with in vivo and/or post mortem revealed pulmonary embolism (PE). Analyzed data from medical records and autopsy reports. Revealed statistically significant differences in BMI (p = 0.033) and the presence of obesity (p = 0.002) in patients with pulmonary embolism, holding medical and surgical beds. As of medical, surgical and among patients with thromboembolism, obesity is significantly more common in women than men (p = 0.050 and p = 0.041 respectively). According to the study, obesity grade 1 or 2 alone (at the isolated presence of the patient) is not significantly increased the odds of a massive thromboembolism. However, grade 3 obesity increased the odds of a massive pulmonary embolism by more than 2.7 times (OR = 2.708, CI: 1,461–5,020)
РОЛЬ МОНООКСИДА УГЛЕРОДА В РЕГУЛЯЦИИ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ И СОКРАТИТЕЛЬНЫХ СВОЙСТВ ГЛАДКОМЫШЕЧНЫХ КЛЕТОК МОЧЕТОЧНИКА МОРСКОЙ СВИНКИ
Get PDFФАЗОВЫЕ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ МЕЖДУ РИТМАМИ ЭЭГ В ИЗУЧЕНИИ ПРОЦЕССОВ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ ВРЕМЕНИ
Get PDFThe present study pursued to investigate the role of phase interactions between EEG rhythms in the process of the perception of time. The purpose of the study was to analyse the dependence of these interactions on the type and stage of the activity being performed, as well as on the individual characteristics of a human. For this purpose, 27 boys and 29 girls, all university students, were asked to reproduce and measure short intervals of time (200 and 800 ms), during which their EEG was recorded in frontal, central, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, according to the system 10–20%. While studying phase interactions between EEG rhythms, we used wavelet bispectral analysis and calculated the bicoherence function. As it follows from the conducted research, most often close phase interactions are observed between the gamma-rhythm and other rhythms of EEG or between different frequencies of the gamma-rhythm. It was established that the phase interactions under study were influenced by the factors of “sex”, “activity type”, and “activity stage”. The study showed correlations of phase interactions with the levels of intellect, extraversion, neuroticism, with the particularities of the lateral organisation of brain, and the accuracy of time perception
ЛЕПТИН КАК ИНДУКТОР ВОСПАЛЕНИЯ И ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОГО СТРЕССА ПРИ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОМ СИНДРОМЕ
Get PDFObject of research: to explore the relationship of leptin level in blood serum with markers of systemic inflammation and spontaneous production of cytokines and reactive oxygen species by blood mononuclear leukocytes at metabolic syndrome.Material and methods. We conducted a study of 50 patients with essential hypertension stage II in conjunction with the metabolic syndrome. Along with a complete clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination adopted in specialized cardiological clinic, were determined the concentration of markers of systemic inflammation and leptin in blood serum, as well as the relative abundance of the surface markers CD4+-, CD8+-lymphocytes and CD36+-monocytes, the level of spontaneous production of proand antiinflammatory cytokines and active oxygen species by blood mononuclear leukocytes.Results. It was found that patients with essential hypertension stage II with the MS having hyperleptinemia statistically significantly differ both as greater activity of systemic inflammation, and have a greater percentage of CD4+-lymphocytes and a higher level of spontaneous production of blood mononuclear leukocytes a number of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1) and reactive oxygen species
РЕАКЦИЯ АКТИВАЦИИ НА ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЦЕФАЛОГРАММЕ ХИМИЧЕСКИ ЗАВИСИМЫХ ЛИЦ: СВЯЗИ С НАРКОЛОГИЧЕСКИМИ И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИМИ ПЕРЕМЕННЫМИ И ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ТРЕНИНГА НЕЙРОБИОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Get PDFDepth of activation reaction (α-activity suppression during the eyes-opening task) is considered to be an important quantitative characteristic of α-band brainwaves. Activation reaction was assessed from O1 and O2 leads in 31 male substance dependent subjects. In 7 cases it was measured twice: before and after α- or β-brainwave biofeedback training. The correlations were found between grade of α suppression in eyes-opening task and attitude towards disease and treatment, personality maturity, and level of pathological personality traits. Activation reaction was significantly improved by α-training and non-significantly diminished after β-1-training.Глубина реакции активации (подавления α-активности при открывании глаз) считается важной количественной характеристикой α-ритма. Реакция активации оценивалась в отведениях O1 и O2 у 31 химически зависимого мужчины, у 7 из них – до и после тренинга биоуправления по α- или β-ритму. Обнаружены связи между степенью подавления α-ритма при открывании глаз и отношением к болезни и лечению, личностной зрелостью, выраженностью патологических черт характера. Реакция активации значимо усиливалась после курса α-тренинга и статистически незначимо ослабевала после курса β-1-тренинга