Sumathi Publications (E-Journals)
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EFFECTIVENESS OF MULLIGAN MOBILIZATION WITH CONVENTIONAL PHYSIOTHERAPY IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: - A CASE SERIES
Get PDFBackground: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease causing disability. Current Physical therapy management for knee OA is aiming to increase range of motion and improve functional performance. So the purpose of this study to assess the effectiveness of Mulligan Mobilization along with Conventional Physiotherapy in Knee osteoarthritis patients. Method: Patients of knee pain who fulfilled inclusion criteria were taken in study. Outcome like The Knee Injury & osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) Index, ROM with the help of Universal Goniometer, Manual muscle testing with Medical Research Council (MRC) scale & time up and Go test were taken at baseline and after 4 wks. Mulligan Mobilization along with conventional Physiotherapy was given to all patients for 4 wks. Result: Showed there was significant improvement 25.08% in Koos Index, while in knee flexion ROM, improvement on right side was 9.94% or in left side 6.20%. while muscle strength in MMT with 25% on right side or 4% on left side improvement seen for knee flexor and 5% on right side or no any improvement seen on left side for knee extensor. Time up and go test also showed 10.89% improvement compared to baseline. Conclusion: Improvement is seen in patients with knee osteoarthritis by Mulligan Mobilization along with Conventional Physiotherapy
EMERGENCE OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF A REFERRAL HOSPITAL OF EASTERN INDIA AND ITS THERAPEUTIC OPTION
Get PDFBackground and objective: Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has one of the most serious nosocomially acquired gram negative infection in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The gradual increase in incidence of this pathogen reflects their de-novo selection due to antibiotic usages and its ability to spread between patients. This study was undertaken to detect resistance to carbapenems in clinical isolates of A. baumannii in our ICU set up and to assess the rate of carbapenemase and MBL production among the isolates with the therapeutic options available against them. Material and methods: A. baumannii was identified by conventional methodology and susceptibility profile was determined by disc diffusion method. Carbapenem resistant isolates were further checked for mettalo beta lactamases (MBL) assay by EDTA disc synergy test and Minimum inhibitory concentration determination by agar dilution method. Results: 71.87% (n=46) of isolates showed resistance to Imipenem by disc diffusion method. 82.6% (n=38) of isolates were MBL producer both by phenotypic EDTA disc synergy test and MIC determination test by agar dilution method. The susceptibility profiles of A. baumannii strains towards colistin, polymyxin B and tigecycline were 90.62%, 57.81% and 78.12% respectively.Conclusion: Detection as well as awareness of this MBL producing A. baumannii in a hospital set up, coupled with judicious antimicrobial therapy based on sensitivity profiles will help us fight against this deadly menace.
KEYWORDS: Acinetobacter baumannii; Carbapenemases; Mettalo beta lactamases
ORGANO PHOSPHORUS COMPOUND POISONING, COMPLICATED ACUTE RENAL FAILURE AND DELAYED POST HYPOXIC ENCEPHALOPATHY - A CASE REPORT
Get PDFOrganophosphorus compound (OPC) poisoning is one of the most common poisons in rural India. We present a 27 year old female patient who came to us in altered sensorium and froathing from mouth with an alleged history of OPC intake about 2 hours back. The patient was intubated, connected to a mechanical ventilator and atropinized. On day 3 of admission patient had elevated renal parameters and was diagnosed as Acute Renal Failure due to acute tubular necrosis probably poison induced. On day 4 of admission she suffered an acute cardiac arrest and was resuscitated; following this she gradually improved and after 3weeks of intensive management her sensorium deteriorated. MRI Brain showed Diffuse Cerebral White Matter Leukodystrophy due to DEMYELINATION (Hypoxia induced).
KEYWORDS: Organophosphorus compound poisoning; Acute renal failure; Demyelination; Leukoencephalopathy
A RARE CASE OF INVASIVE PAPILLARY CARCINOMA OF BREAST
Get PDFPapillary carcinoma of the breast is extremely rare variety of carcinoma breast with a mere incidence of only 0.5% of all recently diagnosed cases of breast cancer. We present a case of 63 years old postmenopausal female who came to surgical outpatient department with complaints of a slowly increasing mass in the left breast of 1 month duration which was painless. A Left-sided modified radical mastectomy was performed with an absolutely normal post operative period. The final histopathology report was suggestive of invasive papillary carcinoma. We report this case as it is rarely diagnosed.
KEYWORDS: Invasive papillary carcinoma; Modified radical mastectomy; Carcinoma breast
APPLICABILITY OF ADOPTING MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS IN PEDIATRIC ANEMIAS AS ETIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
Get PDFBackground: Pediatric anemia is a global phenomenon. The magnitude of this problem gets exaggerated in developing countries like India wherein majority of the population are vulnerable since they live in rural areas and come under low socio-economic status. Though pediatric anemias can be diagnosed by simple blood tests like complete hemogram and peripheral smear examination, the evaluation of underlying etiological factor to initiate appropriate therapy involves expensive work up which may not be affordable in a rural setup. This need-based study of pediatric anemia was conducted to determine the morphological patterns of anemia by simple baseline investigations and to detect the related etiologic factor. Methodology: The probable etiological factors contributing to the anemias were diagnosed by determining the morphological patterns using simple baseline investigations like complete hemogram and peripheral blood examination and treated accordingly. Conclusion: The etiology of microcytic hypochromic anemia was found out to be iron deficiency as confirmed by serum iron profile studies. Presence of dimorphic anemia suggested combined nutritional deficiency of Iron, vitamin B12 deficiency or folate. Hemolytic anemias detected by routine hematological investigations were confirmed by serum electrophoresis. Morphological examination of red blood cells on peripheral smear examination is thus an effective, simple and cost effective method to determine the etiology of various types of anemia.
KEYWORDS: Peripheral blood smear examination; Baseline investigation; Patient management
THE EFFECT OF NOISE POLLUTION ON HEARING IN MARBLE FACTORY WORKERS OF AJMER, RAJASTHAN: A CASE STUDY
Get PDFIntroduction: The noise pollution is defined as the unwanted sound which is released into the environment. Noise induced hearing loss in an increasingly prevalent disorder that result from exposure to high intensity sound, especially over a long period of time. Materials & Methods: The present study has been conducted in the Department of Physiology and E.N.T. in a group of 60 subjects with 30 marble factory workers and 30 normal individuals. Results: Audiometric values were consistently lower in Normal than in marble factory workers. The differences were statistically significant among both sexes and that too for the parameters of Right and Left ear. Discussion and conclusion: In this study mild hearing loss was 20%, moderate hearing loss was 16.67%, moderately severe hearing loss was 36.67% and severe hearing loss 26.66%.This study also concludes that the presence of impact noise is more Hz to hearing irrespective of the duration of exposure but in workers exposed to continuous noise, the duration of exposure had a more prominent effect on the hearing loss.
KEYWORDS: NIHL (Noise induced hearing loss); Pure tone audiometric testing
RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS AND ASSOCIATION OF MTHFR, PAI-1 AND ACE GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN WOMEN
Get PDFRecurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a significant clinical problem that may occur before the 20th week of gestation. There is no general consensus on how many consecutive abortions are considered as RPL. The goal of this study is to investigate the correlation between recurrent miscarriage (RM) and common polymorphisms in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) genes among women experiencing RM. The literature existing in different population was searched and based on these finding we conclude that polymorphism in either one of these genes may increase chances of miscarriage.
KEYWORDS: Polymorphism; Recurrent pregnancy; Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
Gene Mapping: Basics, Techniques and Significance
Get PDFWatson says, "Like the system of interstate highways spanning our country, the map of the human genome will be completed stretch by stretch". It may be possible to use genetic information to diagnose the disease accurately and to predict a patient\u27s likely response to a particular medicine or treatment. For whole genome mapping development and application of mapping, sequencing and computational tools are very essential and also linkage, physical and sequence maps are required to put the information together. For most genome mapping projects involve markers consisting of a unique site in the genome and should be independent of any particular experimental resource. For mapping purpose the DNA and RNA identification is essential. These genes are identified by hybridizing DNA clones against Northern blot, cDNA libraries, Zoo blot, Western blot and Southern blot of genomic DNA digested with rare cutter restriction endonuclease. The various experimental studies of gene mapping have extended our understanding of the genetics. This has allowed the investigators to detect a particular gene, which is responsible for the disease. Recent studies have shown the various effective and scientific gene mapping techniques and gene identification methods, which are helpful to diagnose a particular disease. It is easy for the doctor to give right medicine to the right patient to cure the disease when he can identify the defective gene responsible for disease. This article reviews the details of identification techniques of genes, gene mapping with broad applications.
KEY WORDS: Gene mapping; Restriction mapping; Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH); Sequenced tagged site (STS) mapping; Somatic cell hybridization
APOCRINE CARCINOMA OF BREAST: A RARE CASE REPORT
Get PDFApocrine carcinoma of breast is a very rare form of breast malignancy represent about 0.4% of all invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Though clinical presentation and gross appearance are indistinguishable from classic IDC, they have distinct cytological, histopathlogical and immunohistochemical features. Tumor cells are characterized by typical apocrine features large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and large pleomorphic vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. It tends to show estrogen, progesterone receptors and her2/neu negativity and show positivity for Gross Cystic Disease Protein Fluid -15 (GCDPF-15). We report a case of 65 year old female presenting clinically as lump in right breast in upper inner quadrant since four months and having similar cytological, histopathological and immunohistochemical features.
KEYWORDS: Apocrine carcinoma; Breast malignancy; Immunohistochemistry
RADIOLOGY REQUEST FORMS (RRF) INADEQUATELY COMPLETED; THE CASE OF A TERTIARY HEALTH CENTER IN NORTHWEST NIGERIA
Get PDFBackground: The need and importance of adequately completing radiology request forms cannot be over emphasized. Thus, this study investigated the pattern in which radiology request forms are completed by clinicians in a tertiary health center. Methods: A total of two hundred and fourteen (214) samples of request forms were randomly selected from records of the Radiology Department of the Federal Medical Center, BirninKebbi, Nigeria. The request forms comprises of requests from various departments within the hospital. All the data collected from the request forms where entered into Microsoft excel and items/fields on the form were examined. Results: From this study, it was observed that out of the total 214 forms collected, 209 (97.7%) of the forms were not adequately completed with only 5 (2.3%) fully completed. Other items on the request form that were also least completed were the referring physicians name (2.3%), patient\u27s full address (2.3%) and patients age (62.6%).Conclusion: We conclude that radiology request forms are inadequately completed as seen from the present study, thus the need to enlighten the referring physicians on the need to adequately and properly complete radiology request forms as this is vital in improving the accuracy of radiologists report / interpretation.
KEYWORDS: Radiology; Physician; Request forms; Patients; Health center