Sumathi Publications (E-Journals)
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EFFECTIVENESS OF PILATES EXERCISES ON NON-SPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN IN NURSING STUDENTS AND STAFF OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITALÂ AND NURSING COLLEGE
No full textIntroduction: Low back pain is the one of the common musculoskeletal disorder faced by people in today\u27s generation. It is more common in health-care workers especially nursing students and staff. Pilates is a new and innovative technique that focuses on the back and core of the body. Hence, this study is carried out to determine the effectiveness of Pilates techniques to treat and prevent the chances of low back pain. Materials and methods: Subjects were received the Pilates protocol for exercises. They were asked to fill the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire before and after giving the Pilates protocol. The pain was assessed by Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), both at rest and on movement before and after giving the Pilates. Results: The P value in Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire before and After the Pilates and was 0.000 which shows that there is significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The study concluded that Pilates exercises were efficient in treating non-specific low back pain.
Keywords: Non-specific low back pain; Low back pain; Nursing staff; Pilates exercises
Synthesis of novel heterocyclic Quinolone compound for anti -tubercular activity
Get PDFIn last few decades, though significant progress has been made in the treatment and control strategies of tubercular infections by introducing new diagnostic and monitoring tools and combination therapy, it still continues to be severe problem. The need of study was only because of there are many drugs in market to treat infection but most of the drugs are showing resistance because of the same it is difficult to treat the infection. In this study we chosen quinolone nucleus for study and over it. Thus with the aim of developing novel molecule with improved potency for treating Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain infections and with decreased probability of developing drug resistance. Methodology: The synthesis of Quinolone derivatives, starting from substituted aniline and ethyl acetoacetate, by conventional organic reaction and results of investigations of their anti-mycobacterial activity. Results: MICs of the synthesized compounds are compared with existing drugs Cytotoxicity. The substituted quinolones are synthesized by taking mixture of 7-substituted-2-(3-chloro-2-oxopropyl) quinolin-4(1H)-one and different secondary amines. Many compounds have shown promising activity while some were inactive. Conclusion: It was found that Compound A1, A3, B1, B3, have shown promising anti tubercular activity whereas compound A2, A4, B2, B4 were showing moderate anti tubercular activity against std. Streptomycin
HYPOGLYCAEMIA AS A CONSEQUENCE OF PRE-OPERATIVE FASTING: MYTH OR REALITY?
Get PDFBackground: The fatal risk of pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents during anaesthesia had since been recognized and consequently preoperative fasting guideline is usually prescribed to prevent this. Concern about development of hypoglycaemia during prolonged fasting has often been expressed, especially in children. AIM: This study is intended to determine the fasting blood glucose in preoperative patients of different age groups who were fasted for varying duration of time, and determine whether indeed hypoglycaemia occurs during inadvertently prolonged fasting which we often encounter in our practice setting. Methodology: A prospective cohort study of fasting blood glucose (FBG) of patients presenting for elective surgery in the principal investigator\u27s operating rooms at the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria was carried out. Blood glucose meter was used for estimation of glucose in capillary whole blood of the patients and the obtained data were analysed using SPSS version 16.0 statistical software. Comparison of mean values was done using the Chi-square test with statistical significance put at P < 0.05. Results: Out of one hundred and thirty three patients studied with mean age of 30.2 ± 19.60 years (range: 1-72 years), and mean duration of fasting 12.73 ± 2.01 hours, (range: 8-16 hours), the mean fasting blood glucose was found to be 91.49 ± 13.36mg/dl (range: 58 - 124mg/dl). No relationship was found between age and FBG (Pearson\u27s correlation coefficient, r = 0.025). Likewise duration of fasting did not relate with FBG (Pearson\u27s correlation coefficient, r = 0.088). One patient (0.8%) had hypoglycaemia, with blood glucose of 58mg/dl. Conclusion: Hypoglycaemia as a consequence of pre-operative fasting is rare, even in non-infants fasted for considerably long hours. Neither patient\u27s age, gender, nor duration of fasting had any significant influence on the fasting blood glucose of the patients.
Keywords: Hypoglycaemia; Pre-operative fasting; Whole blood; Plasma
LIPID PROFILE AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Get PDFBackground: Bronchial asthma, a chronic inflammatory condition, often triggered by allergy & oxidative stress, initiate lipid peroxidation& enhanced release of arachidonic acid from cell membrane. Regarding lipid profile in bronchial asthma patients many conflicting data were reported. Therefore we have conducted this study. Methodology: 50 clinically diagnosed bronchial asthma cases for lipid profile and lipid peroxidation levels were compared with 50 healthy controls. Results: In our study fasting serum HDL and LDL cholesterol level of cases respectively (52.32mg/dl ±3.58), (99.21mg/dl ±12.49) were found to be significantly higher when compared to controls (44.58mg/dl ±2.58), (103.44mg/dl ±10.55) (p-value <0.05). Mean plasma SOD level of cases (3.42 U/mL±0.74) was significantly lowered than controls (7.16 U/mL±0.52). Serum MDA level of cases (5.91nmol/L±0.88) was higher as compared to controls (3.00nmol/L±0.40). (p-value <0.001) Conclusion: Lipid profile in bronchial asthma patients (raised HDL& decreased LDL) provides some degree of protection to this patients against ischemic heart disease (IHD). But increased in lipid peroxidation as evidenced by decrease plasma SOD & raised serum MDA aggravate airway inflammation, smooth muscle contraction & increased vascular permeability
Keywords: Asthma; Oxidative stress; Lipid peroxidation; Lipid profile
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMMONLY PRACTICED ATROPINIZATION REGIMENS IN ACUTE ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUND POISONING
Get PDFAim of the study: Effect of atropinization with different methods. Outcomes in terms of duration of hospital stay and patients recovery. Methodology: An open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted in, Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka. 108 individuals with OPC poisoning .We compared two groups that used a titrated dosing protocol based on a structured monitoring sheet for atropine infusion with another group using an \u27ad hoc\u27 regime. The aim was to compare the efficacy and safety of conventional bolus doses with individualized incremental doses of atropine for atropinization followed by continuous atropine infusion for management of OPC poisoning. Result: Out of 108 patients, 54 patients received conventional bolus dose atropine (group A) and 54 patient received rapidly incremental doses of atropine followed by infusion (group B). 36 subjects analyzed in group A and 32 in group B for moderate to severe poisoning. The mortality in group A was 11.1% (4/36) and in group B was 6.3% (2/32).The mean duration of atropinization in group A was 5.8hrs (348) in minutes compared to time 26.9minutes for group B. Conclusion: Administration of atropine using a fixed algorithm is easy and effective in providing the atropine requirement in management of early phase of acute OPC poisoning. Rapid incremental dose atropinization followed by atropine infusion reduces mortality and morbidity from OPC poisoning and shortens the length of hospital stay and early recovery .Incremental atropine and infusion should become the treatent of choice for OPC poisoning.
Keywords: Organophosphate compound; Atropine toxicity; Organophosphorus poisoning; Atropinization protocols
GENES BIOMARKERS IN AUTISM: BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION
Get PDFAutism is childhood neuropsychiatric disorder despite exhibiting high heritability and has largely eluded efforts to identify specific genetic variants of biomarkers. This neuropsychiatric disorder is characterized by social and communicative deficits and ritualistic-repetitive behaviour that are detectable in early childhood. It has been reported that some candidate genes has been found in autism children brains. The candidate genes include aspects of neurogenesis, neuronal migration, maturation, differentiation, and degeneration. Some of researchers had reported the effects of the mutated and sufficiency of the candidate genes in autism brain which believed that might involved in the mechanism and causes deficit in social behaviour language impairment and repetitive behaviour. In this review, we will summarize the gene candidate which found in autism children brains and their effect of their cognitive function.
Keywords: Autism; Gene biomarkers; Brain development
Phytochemistry, Anthelmintic study of herbaceous aerial part of Kallstroemia pubescens (G. Don) & Review of Novel Effects of Diosgenin: A Plant Derived Steroid
Get PDFThe genus is named after A. Kallstroem who lived in the 18th century. Diosgenin is an aglycone of the steroidal saponin, dioscin in yam and is a principal raw material for the industrial production of steroid drugs. It belongs to triterpene group and is of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry because of its estrogenic effect on the mammary gland. It plays an important role in cholesterol metabolism and it is responsible for morphological and biochemical changes in megakaryocyte cells. Diosgenin is an important steroidal metabolite used as a starting material for the synthesis of steroidal drugs, as it exhibits estrogenic activity. In this, we have focused on the potential effects of diosgenin and its pharmacological properties.
Keywords: Kallstroem; Diosgenin; Steroids; Sapogenins; Pharmacology
INFLUENCE OF SITTING ORIENTATION ON UPPER EXTREMITY FUNCTION IN NORMAL CHILDREN BETWEEN 5 TO 16 YEARS USING NINE HOLE PEG TEST
Get PDFBackground: This study was to measure the upper extremity performance time on Nine Hole Peg Test in two different sitting orientations relative to vertical plane. Aim: To find out the influence of sitting orientation on upper extremity motor function using NHPT. Methods: 100 children with the mean age 11year (53 male, 47 female) participated in the study. Children were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Age groups were re-established for data representation purposes as: 5-7, 8-10, 11-13, 14-16. Each one was briefly interviewed prior to the test, procedure explained and statistical analysis was done for the final results. Results: Gender wise relation revealed non-significant difference in performance time on NHPT in 90o upright and 15o anterior sitting orientation. Performance time on NHPT with dominant and non-dominant hand in 90o upright & 15o anterior sitting orientation shows significant difference. The mean performance time with dominant hand on NHPT was slightly lesser in 15o anterior sitting orientation than 90o upright orientations. According to age wise distribution the performance time on NHPT reveals that as the age increases the performance time decreases from 5-11 year. The performance time becomes constant from 11-16 years of age. Conclusion: Result of this study suggest that trunk orientation does not affect upper extremity performance on NHPT. As it implies that 15o anterior trunk orientation is equivalent to upright sitting orientation. Hence both the trunk orientation can be used to train patients for upper extremity hand function
RIGHT PARA DUODENAL HERNIA: A CASE REPORT
Get PDFParaduodenal hernia (PDH), a rare congenital anomaly, is a type of internal hernia which occurs due to a defect in the reduction and rotation of the midgut. On anatomical and embryological basis, PDH can be broadly divided into right- and Left PDH. Right PDH is rarer than its counterpart. We present a case of Right PDH. The patient presented with a history of pain in abdomen since last 1 year with intermittent episodes of vomiting. Patient was admitted in various institutions previously but was managed conservatively. On investigation patient was diagnosed to have right side paraduodenal hernia on CT abdomen. The jejunal loops had herniated through the fossa of Waldeyer. Jejunal loops reduced from the hernia sac and sac excised, fibrotic edges incised and defect widened. Post operatively recovery was uneventful. The rarity of this condition and the need for early diagnosis, to prevent the high risk of bowel obstruction and strangulation, makes PDH one of the difficult challenges for the clinicians
RANDOMIZED COMPARISON OF EFFICACY, DURATION OF ACTION, ADVERSE REACTIONS AND COST EFFECTIVENESS OF PENTAZOCINE AND TRAMADOL ON RELIEF OF POST OPERATIVE PAIN
Get PDFBackground: Many options are available for the treatment of postoperative pain. By considering patients’ preferences and making an individualized assessment of the risks and benefits of each treatment modality, the clinician can optimize the postoperative analgesic regimen for each patient. Material method: Female patients of age between 30 to 60 years undergoing elective abdominal and vaginal hysterectomies were included in this study. Hysterectomies performed under spinal anesthesia. Group I constituted patients who received Tramadol 50 mg intravenously; Group II constituted patients who received Pentazocine 30 mg intravenously for post-operative analgesia. The study drugs were administered postoperatively to the patients after the effect of spinal anesthesia wears off and the patient complained of pain. Before administering the study drug an assessment Visual analogue score of was done, and after giving the study drug, the pain was assessed subjectively at 0 minutes and at every 30 minutes for 6 hrs. Each patient’s pain was recorded on a scale 0-10 by their response to a visual analogue pain scale. The onset of analgesic action, time at which maximum pain relief occurs, duration of minimal pain, a total duration of analgesic action and any acute side effects were noted, the average cost-effective ratio was studied. Results: The range of onset of analgesia in both the groups was 10 to 20 minutes when comparing the mean value of onset of analgesia of the two groups, the mean value of the tramadol group was 14.92 ± 3.89 minutes and that of pentazocine was 14.66 ± 3.23 minutes. The range of duration of analgesia in the two groups was the same, which was 5 to 6 hours. The mean duration of postoperative analgesia in the tramadol group was 5.77 ± 0.33 hours, whereas in the pentazocine group it was 5.67 ± 0.39 hours. In the tramadol group 45 patients (90%) had only mild pain and 5 patients (10%) had moderate pain. Whereas in pentazocine group 40 (80%) patients had mild pain and 10 patients (20%) had moderate pain. The duration of minimal pain in both groups was 1.5 hours (from 2 to 3.5 hours). The common side effects were nausea, vomiting, headache, drowsiness, respiratory depression. Conclusion: We conclude that intravenous tramadol 50 mg and intravenous pentazocine 30 mg produced adequate postoperative analgesia and intravenous tramadol 50 mg was safe and more cost effective.