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A descriptive study: The qualitative transformation of citizenship and citizenship education
No full textKüreselleşme süreciyle birlikte ulus devlete olan aidiyet duygusunun zayıflamasıyla, vatandaşlığın ulusal boyutu tartışılır hâle gelmiş olup kapsamı ulusal kimliğin ve aidiyetliğin ötesinde rol, kimlik, hak talebi gibi farklı kavramlar ışığında dönüştürülmeye başlanmıştır. Bu dönüşüm, doğal bir evrim sürecine işaret etmekten ziyade jeopolitiğin konusu olarak vatandaşlık şeklinde nitelenebilecek politik bir sürece tekabül etmektedir. Bu çalışma, vatandaşlığın salt resmi, şekli ve hukuki statüden ibaret olmadığını ortaya koyarken vatandaşlık kavramında epistemik ve normatif konumda bulunan vatan ifadesinin terk edilmesi hususunda muhalif bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Vatandaşlığın ulusal aidiyetliğe yapışık bir kavram şeklinde ele alındığı bu makalede, ilk etapta vatandaşlığı oluşturan değerler/ unsurlar mercek altına alınmakta; ardından, vatandaşlık eğitimi perspektifi içinde herkes için hedef olması gereken öğeler ele alınmaktadır.Due to weakened sense of belonging to nation-state that has resulted from the process of globalization, national dimension of citizenship has been debated over the years and its content has begun to change beyond national identity and sense of belonging. The content of citizenship consists of different elements such as role, identity, and the demand of right. These changes have led us to consider citizenship as an issue of geopolitics in a policy framework. This study indicates that citizenship does not only consist of the official citizenship, the shape of citizenship and legal status. It provides an opposing viewpoint regarding removing the concept of nation that is characterized in an epistemic and normative form. Moreover, the study that incorporated the concept of citizenship with a sense of belonging of national examined the elements of citizenship. Then, the components which should be involved for everyone in citizenship education were discussed
Karadeniz'in Güneyinde Kare Gözlü Panel ve Baklava Gözlü Torbaya Sahip Demersal Trol ile Mezgit(Merlangius merlangus euxinus) Balığının Boy Seçiciliğinin Belirlenmesi
No full textErgin olmayan küçük balıkların yakalanmasını azaltmak için trol torbalarında bazı değişikliklerin yapılması sürdürülebilir balıkçılık için kullanılan yönetim araçlarından biridir. Bu araştırmada mezgit (Merlangius merlangus euxinus) balığı için demersal trol torba seçiciliğinde kare gözlü kaçış panelinin etkileri incelenmiştir. Seçicilik denemelerinde trol torbasının üst kısmının ön bölümüne 36 mm ve 40 mm kare gözlü kaçış panelleri yerleştirilmiş ve 40 mm baklava gözlü polietilen torba kullanılmıştır. Araştırma Karadeniz'in güney kıyılarında 2006 yılı Şubat ve Mart ayları arasında ticari balıkçı gemisinde yürütülmüştür. Torba üzerinde çemberli örtü torba yöntemi kullanılarak toplam 6 geçerli ağ çekimi yapılmıştır. Seçicilik parametreleri maksimum benzerlik yöntemi ve lojistik denklem kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Mezgit balığının ortalama L50 ve seçicilik aralıkları sırasıyla 40 mm baklava gözlü ağ için 12,57 (se. 0,41) cm ve 3,45 (se. 0,03) cm, 36 mm kare gözlü panel için 12,71 (se. 0,45) cm ve 3,12 (se. 0.03) cm, 40 mm kare gözlü panel için 13,55 (se. 0,32) cm and 3,70 (se.0,02) cm olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, trol torbasının üst bölümünün ön kısmında kare gözlü panel (40 mm) kullanımının demersal trol torbasının seçiciliğini artırdığını ve yavru mezgit balıklarının yakalanmasının azaldığını göstermektedir.The modification of the trawl codends to reduce the capture of juvenile fish increasing of fishing gear selectivity has been one of the management tools for sustainable fisheries. This study were examined the effect of square mesh escape panel installation on selectivity of demersal trawl codends for whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus, N.) in the Black Sea. Codend mesh selectivity experiments were carried out using 40 mm nominal diamond mesh PE codend with 36 mm and 40 mm mesh size square mesh escape window inserted in the forward part of the top panel. The experiments were carried out in the southern Black Sea between February and March 2006 on a traditional fishing boat. A total of 6 valid hauls were made by using the hooped covered codend method. Selectivity parameters were calculated by using a logistic equation with the maximum likelihood method. Mean L50s and selection ranges of whiting were determined as 12.57 (se. 0.41) cm and 3.45 (se. 0.03) cm for 40 mm nominal diamond mesh, 12.71 (se. 0.45) cm and 3.12 (se. 0.03) cm for 36 mm square mesh panel and 13.55 (se. 0.32) cm and 3.70 (se. 0.02) cm for 40 mm square mesh panel, respectively. The results shows that the use of square mesh panel (40 mm) in the forward part of the top panel reduce the capture of juvenile fish and increases the demersal trawl codend selectivity
4th grade students accessing level to social studies obtainments in multi-graded and singlegrade classrooms elementary schools
No full textBu araştırma ile birleştirilmiş sınıflarda ve bağımsız sınıflarda verilen eğitimin karşılaştırmasını yapmak, sınıfların birleştirilme şekline ve öğrencilerin cinsiyetine göre öğrenci başarısında fark olup olmadığını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Birleştirilmiş sınıflarda öğrenim gören 1154 4. sınıf öğrencisi ve bağımsız sınıflarda öğrenim gören 724 4. sınıf öğrencisi araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, verilerin çözümlemesi için t-testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin birleştirilmiş ya da bağımsız sınıflarda öğrenim görmesinin, sosyal bilgiler dersinin kazanımlarına erişimi etkileyen bir faktör olduğu söylenebilir. Bunun yanında birleştirilmiş sınıflarda öğrenim gören 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin cinsiyetlerine göre sosyal bilgiler dersinin kazanımlarına erişim düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır.Purpose: In our country, problems related to multi-grade class teaching which is based on teaching more than one class at the same time occurring as a result of socio-economic and geographical conditions especially in rural areas are required to be understood and solution offers to these problems should be developed. Therefore teaching in multi-grade classes should be examined in all aspects. In this respect, the findings of this study will provide great benefits to the teachers working in multi-grade classrooms, to the supervisors who guide teachers and prospective teachers studying at Faculty of Education, Department of Elementary School Teaching. This research was conducted to determine to what extent 4th-class students in multi-grade classes reach the educational attainments anticipated in Social Studies courses and thus their achievements. To achieve this goal, the following questions were asked. 1. Are there any significant differences between 4th grade students attending multi-grade classes and those attending independent classes with respect to the students attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals? 2. Are there any significant differences between 4th grade students attending multi-grade classes handled by one teacher and those attending multi-grade classes handled by two or more than two teachers with respect to the students attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals? 3. Are there any significant differences between 4th grade male and female students attending multi-grade class with respect to the students attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals? Method Sample: The research sample consists of 1154 fourth grade students in multi-grade classes and 724 fourth grade students in independent classes. Data Collection Tool: Data were obtained using an "Information Form" and a "Social Studies Achievement Test" developed by the researcher. To develop Social Studies Achievement Test, İyi ki Var unit in Social Studies course book was chosen. Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient of 36-item Social Studies Achievement Test was calculated as 0.9074. Results: Significant difference was observed between students in multi-grade classes and students in independent classes with respect to their attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals. No significant difference was observed between 4th grade students attending multi-grade class handled by one teacher and those attending multi-grade class handled by two or more than two teachers with respect to students attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals. There was no significant difference between 4th grade male and female students attending multi-grade classes with respect to students attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals. Discussion & Conclusion: Study results revealed a significant difference between students in multi-grade classes and students in independent classes with respect to students attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals. This difference was in favor of 4th grade students studying in independent classes. In multi-grade classes, the class type whether multi-grade or independent can be considered as a factor affecting teaching major courses. From this point of view, it is possible to say that having multi-grade or independent classes is an important factor affecting teaching courses in primary school curriculum which was prepared with the spiral education understanding. As most of the multi-grade classes are in rural areas, environmental factors may have an effect on this result. Study results also revealed significant differences between students attending multi-grade class and those attending independent class with respect to students attainment levels. In consequence of this result, it can be concluded that students attending independent classes are more successful than those in multi-grade class. Having independent or multi-grade classes can be considered as a factor affecting the students success. No significant difference was observed between 4th grade students attending multi-grade class handled by one teacher and those attending multi-grade class handled by two or more than two teachers with respect to students attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals. In accordance with this result, it can be concluded that multi-grade class teaching handled by two or more than two teachers does have a significant affect on students achievement as long as independent class teaching is provided. The major factor affecting student success is the type of class, either multi-grade or independent. No significant difference was observed between 4th grade male and female students attending multi-grade classes with respect to students attainment levels of Social Studies curriculum goals. Our study findings are consistent with those in the study conducted by Candan (1990) on primary school 5th grade students attainment levels of Social Studies and Science curriculum goals with respect to gender. The results obtained in this study have revealed that the use of programs that are being implemented in independent classes in multi-grade classes has negative effects on students success. In this context, a new program constructed for the needs of multi-grade classes should be implemented. Additionally, courses on the multi-grade class teaching applications may be scheduled in primary school teaching programs. In-service training programs on teaching in multi-grade classes and directed to solve the problems of teachers may be arranged at certain intervals for the teachers working in multi-grade schools. Mentoring/educational coaching may be an alternative approach. When this issue is considered in terms of gender, we can say that training in multi-grade classrooms minimizes the differences between male and female students. Additionally, since the differences between boys and girls at this age are not prominent, this result can be considered as normal
The Development Process of Hadith in Andalusia
No full textEndülüs’te hadisin gelişiminden bahsederken farklı şart ve özellikte üç aşamadan söz etmek
mümkündür. Hadis ilminin zayıf olduğu ve insanların ona yöneliminin az olduğu birinci
dönem, hadis ilminin eğitim ve öğretimiyle toplumun bütün kademelerine yayıldığı
ikinci dönem ve siyasi süreçle paralel olarak ilme dolayısıyla hadise yönelimin azaldığı
üçüncü dönem bulunmaktadır. Endülüs’te hadisin gelişim aşamalarında hem Mâlikî fakîhlerin
hadis ilmine karşı duruşları ve mutaassıp mezhep anlayışları hem de yönetimin
onlar karşısında hadis kitaplarına ve onların okutulmasına aktif desteği farklı süreçlerin
yaşanmasında etkili olmuştur. Bu makalede Endülüs’te hadis ilminin gelişim süreçleri,
dönemlerin temayüz etmiş şahsiyetleri ve eserleri incelenmiştir.When speaking of the development of Hadith in Andalusia it possibles speak to from some
process. This is three periods. First period is a few people orientated the hadith. Second
period is the hadith complemented the whole the community with education of the
hadith. Third period it is decreased effection of hadith in the community with the political
process. Maliki fakihs are against the development of hadith in Andalusia. But administrators
are encouraged hadith learning and education. This study aims to explain the development
process of hadith, known scholars and their works in theAndalusia
Enuresis: regional primary boarding school in sinop, the northest point of Turkey
No full textIntroduction and Aim: Enuresis is a urine voiding
impairment and it means repeated involuntary
urine voiding. While enuresis more commonly
occurs in children, it can also occur in adults.
According to DSM IV, enuresis is repeated involuntary
voiding of urine into bed or clothes. Involuntary
voiding of urine which has the frequency
of at least twice a week for at least 3 consecutive
months is a significant symptom. This study aims
to determine the enuresis prevalence and the factors
affecting enuresis among the students of regional
primary boarding schools in Sinop.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study
was conducted on the students of nine Regional
Primary Boarding Schools (RPBS) dependent on
Province National Education Directorate of Sinop
between 1 October 2010 and 1 October 2011after
the required verbal and written permissions were
taken to carry out this study. The target population
of this study was 1500 students who were studying
in the nine Regional Primary Boarding Schools
(RPBS) dependent on Province National Education
Directorate of Sinop and agreed to enroll in the
study, and the sample selection was not performed.
Results: 55 % of the respondents were male and
45 % of the respondents were female. The age of
51% of the respondents were 9-12, that of 40.3%
were 13-16, and that of 8.7% were 5-8. 92.4%
of the respondents were from the villages. It was
found that 93.3% of the children lived with their
parents while 71% of children lived with elders of
family. It was also reported that parents of 30.5%
of the children were relative, and 1.9 % of the children
had stepfathers while 2.8% of children had
stepmothers. As a result of the study, the frequency
of enuresis was found as 11.7%. The rate of nocturnal
enuresis frequency was found as 7.1% while
that of diurnal enuresis was found as 4.6 %. In the
evaluation of the age groups of the children in the study, nocturnal enuresis frequency was 13.8% in
the age group 5-8 while diurnal enuresis frequency
was 10.8%, which were significantly higher than
that of other age groups.
Conclusion: As a result, nurses play a significant
role in solving the enuresis problem which
can affect the whole lives of children. It is important
to assess both children and their families as a
whole in this respect
Properties of Pseudospin Partners in Deformed 166 Gd Nucleus
No full textSözdespin simetrisi küresel çekirdeklerde elli yıl kadar önce gözlendi. Uzun yıllar orijini anlaşılamayan bu simetrinin on yıl kadar önce çekirdek içerisinde eşit büyüklükte ancak zıt işaretli çekici skaler ve itici vektör potansiyeller varlığında ortaya çıktığı anlaşıldı. Bu durum yaklaşık bir biçimde bu tür potansiyelleri içeren ve çekirdeklerin birçok taban-durum özelliklerinin ortaya çıkarılmasında başarılı bir biçimde kullanılan relativistik ortalama alan (RMF) teorisinin sözdespin simetrisi incelemelerinde kullanılmasını mümkün kılmaktadır. Bu simetri çerçevesinde tek-parçacık enerji seviyelerinin kuantum sayılarına göre yerleşimlerinin gösterimi klasik gösterimden farklılık göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda sözdespin simetrisi çerçevesinde tek-parçacık enerji seviyelerinin çekirdek deformasyonuna bağlı olarak değişiminin incelenmesi ilginç olabilir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada RMF teorisi çerçevesinde deforme olduğu deneysel olarak iyi bilinen 166Gd çekirdeğinin nötron ve proton tek-parçacık enerji seviyelerindeki sözdespin çiftlerinin kuadrupol deformasyon parametresine göre değişimleri incelendi. Ayrıca sözdespin kavramı ve RMF teorisi detaylıca irdelendi.Pseudospin symmetry was observed in spherical nuclei about fifty years ago. Origin of the symmetry has been not found until the last decade. In recent decade, it was understood that this symmetry appears when there are equal in magnitude attractive scalar and repulsive vector potentials (but they have opposite sign) in nuclei. This situation can provide possibility to investigate pseudospin symmetry within the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory which has been used to carry out many ground-state properties of nuclei successfully, because RMF theory includes the near equality in magnitude attractive scalar and repulsive vector potentials. Restoration of the single-particle energy levels within the framework of the pseudospin symmetry is different from usual restoration of single-particle energy levels. Because of this reason, an investigation of how change the single-particle spectra according to the deformation of nuclei can be interesting. In this study, the change of pseudospin partners according to quadrupole deformation parameter in the neutron and proton single-particle spectrum of the 166 Gd nucleus which is known well deformed experimentally are investigated within the RMF theory. Also, the concepts of pseudospin symmetry and RMF theory are given in detail
Siraz Balığı (Capoeta capoeta [Guldenstaedt, 1773]) Plazma Nitrik Oksit, Malondialdehit ve Total Sialik Asit Düzeyleri Üzerinde Çinko Sülfatın Etkileri
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate plasma total sialic acid (TSA), nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in response to different doses of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) in Capoeta capoeta. The fishes were kept in tanks for 15 days for adaptation. Three groups of fish (control, 1st, and 2nd), each containing 9 fishes, were placed in separate tanks containing no, 5 and 10 mg/L ZnSO4, respectively for 10 days. At the end of the study, blood samples were taken, and plasma TSA, NO and MDA levels were analyzed. An increase in plasma TSA and MDA levels were found along with increasing ZnSO4 amounts, and a decrease in NO levels was observed. In conclusion, it was determined that levels of TSA, MDA and NO were altered depending on ZnSO4 doses applied in C. capoeta.Bu çalışmada farklı dozlarda çinko sülfat uygulanan Capoeta capoeta’larda plazma total sialik asit (TSA), nitrik oksit (NO) ve malondialdehit (MDA) düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Balıkların 15 gün süre ile laboratuvar ortamına adaptasyonları sağlandıktan sonra 9’ar adet üç grup oluşturuldu. Grup I’de bulunan balıklar normal su ortamında, grup II ve III ise sırasıyla 5 ve 10 mg/L ZnSO4 eklenen tanklarda 10 gün süre ile bekletildi. Balıklardan kan örnekleri alındıktan sonra plazma TSA, NO ve MDA seviyeleri analiz edildi. Artan ZnSO4 miktarlarına göre plazma TSA ve MDA seviyelerinde artış olduğu belirlenirken, NO seviyelerinde düşüş olduğu gözlendi. Sonuç olarak, ZnSO4 uygulanan C. capoeta’da plazma TSA, MDA ve NO seviyelerinde doza bağlı değişiklikler tespit edildi
The Ontology of Woman According to Mawlana(Rumi)
No full textThe ontology of woman is one of the much discussed issues throughout the history. Many different things have been said on the nature of woman and almost every religion and ideology expressed something regarding woman. Historical figures that are coming from certain systems of thought put their views on the nature of woman in the local way, and one of them is Mawlana. His answers to the question “what is woman” mirror his ideas on the ontology of woman
The Role of Caliphs in Andalusia Prophetic Tradition
No full textEndülüs, İslâm kültür ve medeniyetinin temel öğele-rinden hadis ilminin en önemli kaynaklarından birini teşkil etmektedir. Endülüs’te hadisin gelişmesinde de halifelerin rolü inkâr edilemez bir gerçektir. Diğer ilimlere nazaran Endülüs’te hadisin gelişmesinde ve temayüz etmesinde hali-felerin katkıları olmuştur. Hadis ilminin gelişmesinin nüvesi Endülüs Emevi Devleti kurulduktan sonra Abdurrahman b. Muâviye’nin hadisçilerle mücadele eden fakîhlere karşı ha-disçileri müdafaa etmesiyle gerçekleşmiştir. Abdurrahman b. Muâviye’den sonra gelen halifeler de hadis ilminin geliş-mesine destek olmuşlardır. Halifeler hadisi bizzat muhad-dislerden dinlemişledir. Devlet görevlileri ve toplumun da hadis dinlemesini sağlamışlardır. Bu çalışmalarıyla halifeler toplumun hadis ilmiyle tanışması ve yaşaması için rehberlik yapmışlardır. Endülüs’te güçlü muhaddislerin ve literatürün meydana gelmesinde halifelerin gayretleri belirleyici olmuş-tur.Andalusia, one of the fundamentals of Islamic culture and civilization, which constitutes one of the most important sources of hadith science. The role of caliphs in Andalusia prophetic traditions is undeniable truth. The de-velopment of hadith in Andalusia, the caliphs contributed. Once intalled the progres of the science of hadith core An-dalusian Umayyad Empire Abd al-Rahman Ibn Muawiyah interventions at the Islamic jurists who fought Muawiyah was tradationists. Abd al-Rahman Ibn Muaviyah acting on behalf of the science of hadith from the caliphs after Muawiyah in which subsidies have been identified. Loca-ted near the caliphs themselves as they listen to listen to government officials and the community provided the ha-dith. Acquainted with the knowledge of hadith studies, and to live in this society, the guidance made caliphs. Caliphs in Andalusia efforts have been effective in the occurrence of a strong hadith scholar and literature