University of Minnesota, Duluth
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Price Differentials for Live Graded Hogs
Get PDFExcerpts: A live grading program with the payment of price differentials for different grades of hogs has become an accepted practice and is now followed by several marketing agencies and meat packers. Great progress has been made through adopting definite grades of live hogs and interest in marketing hogs more nearly on their merits is growing in all segments of the industry. Interest in price differentials for live graded hogs has been increasing among cooperative and private marketing groups, as well as slaughterers, for several years. Almost all segments of the livestock marketing and processing industry have recognized the need for buying and selling hogs on the basis of the cut-out value. Adoption of new U. S. Department of Agriculture live hog grades in 1952 encouraged wider acceptance and use of grades and price differentials in buying and selling live hogs. This study, based on data from grading live hogs and the figures reflecting cut-out results in 1953-54 was designed, therefore, to provide working experience and shed additional light on this very complex problem. This meant checking results of handling graded hogs through regular marketing channels and testing the hogs at packing plants where they were slaughtered and processed under commercial packer methods to determine their value according to grades. A further objective was to supply farmers and their marketing organizations with factual cut-out data secured on commercial scale operations
Key Factors Contributing to the Success and Failure of Cooperatives Serving Limited Resource Farmers
Get PDFThis study suggests basic problems contributing to the success or failure of cooperative businesses, organized to serve limited resource farmers in North Carolina. Among them were: number of members, amount of net margins retained, physical volume of business, outside loans, member capital other than retained earnings, and total capitalization. The research concludes that successful cooperatives have well-established organizational structures, and boards of directors are directly involved in major decisions and allow managers little control over management decisions. Further research may provide more definitive answers, but the study suggests factors that have contributed to the success of marketing cooperatives serving small farmers
Physical-chemical and nutritional parameters of liquid porcine effluent from a biodigester supplemented with a lagoon system
Get PDFObjetive: Determining the concentration of physical-chemical and nutritional parameters of the wastewater derived from a biodigester complemented with lagoon train. Metodology: A study was carried out in the CEAJAL livestock production module, 12 gestating sows, fresh solid excreta was collected manually (shovel and wheelbarrow), the lagoon-type biodigester was fed daily with two levels of organic load (CO), CO5% and CO15%. The biogas and wastewater were evaluated in four periods of 40 days each. The Influent washing water (INF) entered the biodigester, then the liquid effluent (EFL) was subjected to complementary treatment of EFL stabilization pits, Pit 2, Pit 3 and Pit 4, determining physicalchemical parameters such as TSS, pH, CTE and COD, and nutritional parameters such as NT and FT. The data were analyzed using descriptive and differential statistics. Results: The methane content in the biogas was 59.8%; CO5% and 60.2%; CO15% (p0.05). The physicalchemical parameters of INF such as SST ml/L was 67.4; CO5% and 81.3; CO15%. EFL was 23.2 and 48.0, respectively, in COD ml/L of INF was 738.7; CO5% and 1807.7; CO15%. EFL was 1444.2 and 2522.5, respectively, in NT ml/L of INF was 128.3; CO5% and 111.9; CO15%. EFL was 436.9 and 554.6, respectively. Conclusions: Despite a lower CO, methane production is in the normal range and the physical-chemical and nutritional parameters of the wastewater as it passes into stabilization lagoons can be taken as a reference to determine the CO that should enter to the biodigester with the purpose of providing complementary treatment of the wastewater generated in pig farms
Biostimulant Effects of Glycine Betaine in Strawberry Exposed to Salinity Stress
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the biostimulant effects of glycine betaine (GB) in strawberry plants subjected to salt stress. Design/methodology/approach: A 23 factorial experiment was carried out with a completely randomized experimental design where the effects of foliar application of GB (0, 10, 20 mM) were evaluated in strawberry plants exposed to salt stress induced by NaCl (0 and 50 mM). Plant sampling was done 148 days after the establishment of the experiment. The biochemical and nutritional variables were measured. Analysis of variance was performed on the data obtained and the means were compared using the Tukey test ( p0.05). Results: GB application increased chlorophyll concentration, reduced sugar and proline concentration, and increased P uptake. The 20 mM GB dose maintained the K/Na ratio under salt stress. Study limitations/implications: The reproductive phase was not considered in this study; therefore, the effects of GB on fruit yield and quality are not assessed. Findings/conclusions: Foliar application of GB in strawberry plants subjected to salinity stress is concluded to improve adaptive responses of a biochemical nature by promoting chlorophyll biosynthesis and nutrient concentration
Factors that Impact the Market of Agricultural Tractors in Mexico
Get PDFObjective: To determine the main factors that impact the market of agricultural tractors in Mexico. Design/Methodology/Approach: Time series data from 2000 to 2020 were used to estimate two nationalscale models for agricultural tractors: one for supply and the other for demand. Results: The results suggest that, in the long run, the supply and demand for agricultural tractors have an inelastic responsiveness to price changes, with a 0.079 and 0.083 elasticity, respectively. Study Limitations/Implications: The main limitation is the lack of official data on the historical prices, sales, and production of tractor units in recent years. Consequently, estimates must be employed. Findings/Conclusions: In addition to the price factor, producer income and interest rate affect demand, with elasticities of 0.178 and 0.002, respectively. Consequently, the government should implement the necessary measures, such as improving income and maintaining low interest rates, to encourage the demand for tractors in Mexico
Virtual Fencing: Economic and Policy Implications of an Emerging Livestock Technology for Western Rangelands
Get PDFWestern ranches face many challenges, including drought, labor shortages, wildlife conflicts, and reducing the environmental impact of beef production. Virtual fencing (VF) is a potential tool for addressing these issues. VF allows producers to move herds using virtual boundaries almost instantaneously using Global Positioning System collars, providing flexibility to manage where and when cattle graze. Whereas previous VF studies address on-farm economic considerations, few consider potential broader economic and policy implications. We examine how widespread adoption may affect the Western cattle industry, including labor markets, public lands, ecosystem services, and wildlife conflict. The investigation will help policymakers and extension professionals consider this technology's ‘big picture’ outcomes
Income Parity for Agriculture
Get PDFA brief discussion of (a) price or income as a standard for agricultural recovery (b) a measure of income parity and (c) the ratio of the purchasing power of net income per person on farms and the purchasing power of income per person not on farms
Formy wspierania małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Wielkopolsce
Get PDFWostatnich latach dokonał się dynamiczny rozwój małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw. Według raportu o stanie sektora małychi średnich przedsi biorstw, w kraju funkcjonuje około 1,7 mlnprzedsiębiorstw. Małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa wytwarzały w 1998 roku 48,1% PKB, zatrudniały 62,7% pracowników sektora rynkowego, a także w1998 roku zwiększyły swój udział weksporcie do 48% (Raport, 2000]
Problemy strategii rozwoju województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego
Get PDFWojewództwo kujawsko-pomorskie zajmuje wśród polskich regionówpozy- cję zbliżoną do średniej krajowej, nieadekwatnie niską wstosunku do swych potencjalnych możliwości i warunków. Będąc na 10 miejscu pod względem obszaru i liczby ludności, zajmuje 8 pozycję pod względem wytwarzanego PKB ogółem i 7 na I jednego mieszkańca. Jego powierzchnia stanowi 5,7% obszarukraju, a liczba mieszkańców5,4% ludności Polski, natomiast udział w wytwarzanym w kraju PKB wynosi 4,5%. Region należy do województw o majwyźszej stopie bezrobocia
