University of Minnesota, Duluth
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Productive longevity of dairy cattle of Holstein breed of different selection
Get PDFThe article presents the results of the estimation of Holstein breeds of German and Ukrainian breeding animals for life expectancy, economic use, and lifetime productivity. It has been established that the cows of the Holstein breed of German breeding have a slightly lower life expectancy and economic use, but have higher lifetime productivity rates than Ukrainian breeding. The results of the research have established a highly reliable positive high level connection between life expectancy, economic use and signs of life -long productivity
Perennial grasses are an important component of ecological farming and feed production
No full textThe article analyzes the state of perennial grasses production development in Ukraine and Latvia. A decrease in the area of their crops in these countries was noted. Non-observance of crop rotations in Ukraine was reported, which negatively affects the indicators of soil fertility. At the same time, the flow of biological nitrogen into the soil decreases. The experience of the production of organic products by leading Ukrainian farms is given
Optimization of norms and terms for nutririon of winter wheat with nitrogen fertilizers in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine
No full textIt was found that the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine largely depended on providing plants with mineral nutrition elements throughout the growing season. It was established that the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers in the root way at the beginning of the winter wheat plant in the tube maximally increased its yield both in comparison with the control and in relation to the background phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. The nutrition of wheat plants with winter nitrogen fertilizers provided an increase in protein concentration and vitreousness of grain products
The exploiting of agronomic potential of UV-C irradiation for increasing the pre-sowing qualities of the carrot seeds
No full textThe present study investigates the effect of UV-C irradiation in the pre-sowing treatment of different carrot seeds varieties. It was established the UV-C radiation at doses of 120-150 J/m2 has a positive effect on carrot seeds, since the germination increases by more than 27%. The decreasing in growth parameters of several times is observed at doses of UV radiation above 200-250 J/m2. Laboratory studies were confirmed by the results obtained in the field, in which the seeds germination irradiated with a dose of 120 J/m2, was higher by 43% when compared to control samples
Exterior and intensity of the growth of cross-breed ewes F1 derived from the crossing of ewes of the Tsigai breed with the rams of the meat breeds
No full textThe article deals with the еxterior parameters, the intensity of ewes growth from birth to the age of one year derived from the crossing of ewes of the Tsigai breed with the rams of the Hissar breed and the merinolandshaf. Іt was found that cross-breed (Tsigai х Hissar) ewes F1 with sheep (Tsigai x merino-landshaf) in the age of one year were more long-legged and massive, by the main measurements of body items their superiority over their peers ranged from 8.4 to 16.7% and average daily gain – by 9.0 g or by 7.7% (Р>0,999)
New requirements to the foodstuffs labelling
No full textThe article represents the analysis of the new draft law, which is proposed to regulate the procedure for labelling of the foodstuffs in Ukraine,. It was found that the bill offers an exhaustive list of information that must be indicated on a label or package without fail. The implementation of the draft law will provide an opportunity to create an effective mechanism for informing consumers about foodstuffs or ingredients, their composition, nutritional value, methods of consumption, it will also give an opportunity to reduce the charge of market operators by systematizing the requirements to information about foodstuffs in one law harmonized with European Union legislation
Modeling and agroecological substantiation of the recreational period of soils to ensure their sustainable functioning
No full textThe paper illustrates the algorithm of modeling, agroecological substantiation and features of the use of the recreational period of soils to ensure their sustainable functioning. Based on the information on the soil emission activity, it is proposed to allocate a period of their operation with a low CO2 emission intensity as a recreational soil period (RPS). In the framework of the RPS, during the cold and warm periods of the year, it is proposed to allocate the autumn (I) and spring (II) part thereof. It is shown that taking into account the intervals of the RPS of time intervals with different dangers of increasing CO2 emissions allows minimizing the losses of С-СО2
Analysis of the causes of disposal and the period of economic use of the Red Steppe breed cows
No full textThe paper highlights the results of the analysis of the main reasons for the culling of cows and established their relationship with age. The studies of animals of different lines confirm that with an increase in the period of economic use, the productive life of cows, as well as their lifelong milk production, is also extended. The duration of the economic use of cows has a certain dependence on their productive characteristics, namely, more productive animals deplete the resources of their bodies more quickly and, as a result, are more likely to be rejected. On the other hand, animals with a steady, albeit somewhat smaller display of milk productivity during life longer retain the ability for productive use and this is more profitable from an economic point of view
Feasibility of controlling the thermal regime of the transmission of agricultural machines in conditions of Ukraine
No full textDuring the heating of the tractor gearbox oil, there is a decrease in the efficiency, which leads to an increase in fuel consumption. This is observed at any time of the year. The efficiency of a gearbox as a function of the ambient temperature and the operating time has been obtained. This allows you to predict the effectiveness of the work of the tractor. Various methods to improve transmission performance were analyzed. The article analyzes the parameters of the exhaust gas of a tractor diesel engine. It was proved that one of the effective methods for temperature control is to use of an exhaust gas heat recovery system. It was shown that the capacity of the exhaust gas recovery system is sufficient to ensure the warming up of transmission oil to the optimum parameters. It is determined that the use of the proposed system may reduce fuel consumption by 155 UAH per shift (for tractors with drawbar pull of three tons). The direction of subsequent research is to determine the specific design parameters of the proposed system to ensure the optimum temperature of transmission oil
Meat quality of purebred, crossbred and hybrid young pigs of varying growth rates
No full textThe influence of the Large White breed of buds, Landraces and terminal boars on the combining of Duroch and Hampshire on the meat qualities of their descendants with different intensity of growth was studied. It was proved that the best quality of meat was characterized by hybrid pigs genotype (LW x L) x (D x H), and in the distribution of growth intensity - animals of the class plus variant, which is characteristic for all groups.The use of meat genotype producers has contributed to an increase in meat of carcasses of crossbred and hybrid pigs by 1.9 ˗ 4.2% and a decrease in fat 2 by 2.8-6.6%