Hungarian Society of Biomechanics: E-Journals / Magyar Biomechanikai Társaság
Not a member yet
    292 research outputs found

    Does pes planus influence standing balance in elementary school-age children?

    Get PDF
    Purpose: No any research in literature was found to investigate the effect of pes planus on standingbalance in school-aged children. Any kind of change in the arches (height, flexibility) may increase thepossibility of a change in standing balance. The aim of present study is to determine the influence ofpes planus on the standing balance of school-aged children based on independent time-distance andfrequency based parameters.Materials and Methods: Subjects included 177 children (105 neutral and 72 with pes planus). The parameterswere determined from the motion of the centre of pressure (COP) on a platform equipped with pressuregauge sensors, on which the subjects were standing for 60 seconds with both feet and open eyes.Results: When comparing the neutral and pes planus groups, none of the 17 time-distance and frequencybased parameters showed any significant difference (p≥0.169).Conclusion: The results show that pes planus does not affect significantly standing balance; the differences(however not significant) between the two groups showed a poorer postural control in school-agedchildren with pes planus. It may be compensated by the increased ML dimension of the base of support

    Tranexamic acid in primary total knee arthroplasty: ideal route of administration

    Get PDF
    Background & Study Aims: Consensus is lacking regarding the optimal route and dose of administration of Tranexamic acid (TXA) so this study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of topical, oral and intravenous routes (iv) of TXA with routine hemostasis alone in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Materials and methods: A prospective randomized trial was conducted in patients undergoing primary TKA. Patients were divided into four groups of 50 each; group 1 received intraarticular txa, group 2 received oral TXA three hours before surgery, group 3 received IV TXA just before tourniquet release and group 4 did not receive TXA. Post-operative drain volume (PODV), fall in haemoglobin (Hb) level and the required amount of blood transfusion were evaluated. Results: PODV and drop in Hb level respectively were (158±90 ml and 1±0.5 g/dl) in group 1, (328±149 ml and 1.7±0.7 g/dl) in group 2, (311±151 ml and 2.1±1 g/dl) in group 3 and (589±115 ml and 3.2±1.2 g/dl) in group 4. The difference in drain volume between all groups was statistically significant except between groups 2 and 3. Transfusion requirements were significantly greater in group 4 (p < 0.001).  Conclusions: Intra-articular, oral and IV TXA were observed to be safe strategies and more effective than tamponade effect alone to reduce drain volume and transfusion requirements after TKA. Additionally, intra-articular TXA was better than oral or IV TXA with respect to drain volume and post-op drop in Hb.Background & Study Aims: Consensus is lacking regarding the optimal route and dose of administration of Tranexamic acid (TXA) so this study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of topical, oral and intravenous routes (iv) of TXA with routine hemostasis alone in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Materials and methods: A prospective randomized trial was conducted in patients undergoing primary TKA. Patients were divided into four groups of 50 each; group 1 received intraarticular txa, group 2 received oral TXA three hours before surgery, group 3 received IV TXA just before tourniquet release and group 4 did not receive TXA. Post-operative drain volume (PODV), fall in haemoglobin (Hb) level and the required amount of blood transfusion were evaluated. Results: PODV and drop in Hb level respectively were (158±90 ml and 1±0.5 g/dl) in group 1, (328±149 ml and 1.7±0.7 g/dl) in group 2, (311±151 ml and 2.1±1 g/dl) in group 3 and (589±115 ml and 3.2±1.2 g/dl) in group 4. The difference in drain volume between all groups was statistically significant except between groups 2 and 3. Transfusion requirements were significantly greater in group 4 (p < 0.001).  Conclusions: Intra-articular, oral and IV TXA were observed to be safe strategies and more effective than tamponade effect alone to reduce drain volume and transfusion requirements after TKA. Additionally, intra-articular TXA was better than oral or IV TXA with respect to drain volume and post-op drop in Hb

    Concurrent changes in spinal curvatures and muscle activities during postural muscle testing among young basketball players

    Get PDF
    A mindennapi &eacute;s a sport&eacute;letben egyar&aacute;nt fontos a t&ouml;rzsizmok &eacute;s m&aacute;s testtart&aacute;s&eacute;rt felelős izmok megerős&iacute;t&eacute;se &eacute;s egyens&uacute;ly&aacute;nak biztos&iacute;t&aacute;sa. A testtart&aacute;s izmainak tesztel&eacute;s&eacute;re j&oacute;l alkalmazhat&oacute; a plank-teszt,mely a fekvőt&aacute;maszhoz hasonl&oacute;, csak hajl&iacute;tott alkart&aacute;maszban kezdődik &eacute;s ennek a helyzetnek az egypercig t&ouml;rt&eacute;nő megtart&aacute;sa. Előnye, hogy k&ouml;nnyen elv&eacute;gezhető &eacute;s nem ig&eacute;nyel eszk&ouml;zt, ugyanakkor a tesztki&eacute;rt&eacute;kel&eacute;se leggyakrabban csak szubjekt&iacute;ven, szemrev&eacute;telez&eacute;ssel t&ouml;rt&eacute;nik. Ez&eacute;rt kialak&iacute;tottunk egy &uacute;jm&eacute;r&eacute;si protokollt a gerinc alakj&aacute;nak &eacute;s az izomaktivit&aacute;s v&aacute;ltoz&aacute;s&aacute;nak egyidőben val&oacute; k&ouml;vet&eacute;s&eacute;re.A protokoll tesztel&eacute;s&eacute;re 11 fi&uacute; kos&aacute;rlabd&aacute;z&oacute; (13-17 &eacute;v) r&eacute;szv&eacute;tel&eacute;vel v&eacute;gezt&uuml;nk m&eacute;r&eacute;seket; a feladat egypercig tart&oacute; plank-teszt volt. A gerinc alakj&aacute;t t&ouml;visny&uacute;lv&aacute;nyokra helyezett jel&ouml;lők optikai k&ouml;vet&eacute;s&eacute;vel &aacute;llap&iacute;tottuk meg, melyből a gerincg&ouml;rb&uuml;leti sz&ouml;gek (kyphosis &eacute;s lordosis) sz&aacute;m&iacute;that&oacute;k minden időpontra.Fel&uuml;leti elektromiogr&aacute;fi&aacute;val m&eacute;rt&uuml;k 11 izom aktivit&aacute;s&aacute;t; a medi&aacute;n frekvencia cs&ouml;kken&eacute;s&eacute;nek sz&aacute;m&iacute;t&aacute;s&aacute;-val meg&aacute;llap&iacute;tottuk az izomf&aacute;rad&aacute;s m&eacute;rt&eacute;k&eacute;t.A gerincsz&ouml;gek v&aacute;ltoz&aacute;sa a gyakorlat első &eacute;s utols&oacute; 10 m&aacute;sodperce k&ouml;z&ouml;tt minden esetben a kyphosis(jellemzően nagym&eacute;rt&eacute;kű) n&ouml;veked&eacute;s&eacute;t mutatta; a lordosis vagy kism&eacute;rt&eacute;kben cs&ouml;kkent, vagy nagym&eacute;rt&eacute;kben nőtt. Ez azt mutatja, hogy a plank-teszt sor&aacute;n az egyes r&eacute;sztvevők k&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;ző m&oacute;dokon f&aacute;radnakel, melyek indik&aacute;lhatj&aacute;k k&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;ző stabiliz&aacute;l&oacute; izmok gyenges&eacute;g&eacute;t.Az EMG medi&aacute;n frekvenci&aacute;ja a gyakorlat sor&aacute;n jellemzően vagy k&ouml;zel &aacute;lland&oacute;, vagy egyenletesen cs&ouml;kkenő volt a vizsg&aacute;lt izmokban (szignifik&aacute;nsan f&aacute;radt a m. gluteus maximus, az erector spinae iliocostalis,a rectus abdominis longus &eacute;s az obliquus externus abdominis), &aacute;m n&eacute;h&aacute;ny izom mutatott hull&aacute;mz&oacute; aktivit&aacute;st is. Szignifik&aacute;ns korrel&aacute;ci&oacute;t a m. rectus femoris f&aacute;rad&aacute;sa &eacute;s a gerincg&ouml;rb&uuml;letek n&ouml;veked&eacute;se k&ouml;z&ouml;tttal&aacute;ltunk. Tov&aacute;bbi kutat&aacute;si lehetős&eacute;get ad a protokoll elv&eacute;gz&eacute;se homog&eacute;n &eacute;letkor&uacute;, k&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;ző sportotűző csoportok r&eacute;szv&eacute;tel&eacute;vel.Strengthening postural and core muscles and ensuring their balance is vital in everyday and sports life aswell. For functional testing of postural muscles, the plank-test can be used which consists of holding theplank (prone bridge) position for an amount of time, e.g. 1 minute. This test is easy to administer and  requires no equipment; however, evaluation is usually done only visually, in a subjective manner. Thismotivated the development of a novel measurement protocol simultaneously recording spinal curvaturesand muscle activations.Testing of the protocol was done involving 11 young boy basketball players (aged 13-17 years); the task washolding the plank position for one minute. Spinal curvatures were recorded by placing optical motioncapture markers on eleven spinous processes from which the curvature angles (kyphosis and lordosis)could be obtained for each video frame. Surface electromyography was used to measure activities of 11muscles; muscle fatigue was obtained by calculating the decrease in median frequency of the electricsignal.The changes in curvature comparing the first and last 10 seconds of the tests showed for every participanta (usually large) increase in kyphosis values; lordosis values either decreased to a small extent orincreased to a large extent. This shows that during the plank-test, the fatiguing process is can differamong individuals which may indicate the lack in power of different postural muscles.The median frequencies of EMG signals generally either stayed constant during the test or showeda steady decrease. Significant fatigue was detected for the m. gluteus maximus, the erector spinaeiliocostalis, the rectus abdominis longus and the obliquus externus abdominis. Some muscles showeda fluctuation in activity. Comparing muscle fatigue and curvature changes, only the m. rectus femorisshowed a significant correlation. Further research should be carried out involving a more homogeneousparticipant group and participants from other sports as well

    Editorial

    Get PDF

    3D printing based cranioplasty using silicone moulding and bone cement

    Get PDF
    A koponyacsont velesz&uuml;letett, vagy szerzett hi&aacute;nyainak p&oacute;tl&aacute;sa az intracrani&aacute;lis t&eacute;r k&uuml;l&ouml;nleges fizikai &eacute;s &eacute;lettani viszonyai miatt rendk&iacute;v&uuml;l fontos. Nem hanyagolhat&oacute; el a műt&eacute;t eszt&eacute;tikai hat&aacute;sa sem. Az int&eacute;zet&uuml;nkben kidolgozott cranioplasztikai elj&aacute;r&aacute;s folyam&aacute;n, a kopony&aacute;r&oacute;l k&eacute;sz&uuml;lt v&eacute;kony r&eacute;teg CT felv&eacute;telek 3D rekonstrukci&oacute;ja sor&aacute;n az &eacute;p oldalt szoftveresen a s&eacute;r&uuml;lt r&eacute;gi&oacute;rat&uuml;kr&ouml;zz&uuml;k, majd az &aacute;tfedő pontokat kivonjuk egym&aacute;sb&oacute;l. &Iacute;gy elő&aacute;ll&iacute;that&oacute; a defektus p&oacute;tl&aacute;s&aacute;ra alkalmas alak-&eacute;s m&eacute;retpontos 3D modell. A s&eacute;r&uuml;lt koponyar&eacute;szletet kinyomtatva a p&oacute;tl&aacute;s pontos illeszked&eacute;se k&ouml;nnyen ellenőrizhető, probl&eacute;ma eset&eacute;n a modell m&oacute;dos&iacute;that&oacute;. A v&eacute;gleges modellrőlsteriliz&aacute;lhat&oacute; szilikon &ouml;ntőmint&aacute;t k&eacute;sz&iacute;t&uuml;nk, melynek felhaszn&aacute;l&aacute;s&aacute;val műt&eacute;t k&ouml;zben a megfelelő p&oacute;tl&aacute;s poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) alap&uacute; csontcementből steril k&ouml;r&uuml;lm&eacute;nyek k&ouml;z&ouml;tt ki&ouml;nthető &eacute;s be&uuml;ltethető.2013-t&oacute;l 2020-ig a Szegedi Tudom&aacute;nyegyetem &Aacute;ltal&aacute;nos Orvostudom&aacute;nyi Kar&aacute;nak Idegseb&eacute;szeti Tansz&eacute;k&eacute;vel &eacute;s a Magyar Honv&eacute;ds&eacute;g Eg&eacute;szs&eacute;g&uuml;gyi K&ouml;zpont Honv&eacute;dk&oacute;rh&aacute;z Idegseb&eacute;szeti Oszt&aacute;ly&aacute;val egy&uuml;ttműk&ouml;dve 51 esetben k&eacute;sz&iacute;tett&uuml;nk ezzel a m&oacute;dszerrel cranioplasztika &ouml;ntőform&aacute;t.Műt&eacute;ttechnikai probl&eacute;ma nem volt. 2 beteg eset&eacute;ben 3 p&oacute;tl&aacute;st &eacute;rintően l&eacute;pett fel szeptikus, a bemutatott implant&aacute;tum-elő&aacute;ll&iacute;t&oacute; elj&aacute;r&aacute;st&oacute;l f&uuml;ggetlen sz&ouml;vődm&eacute;ny, emiatt a p&oacute;tl&aacute;sok elt&aacute;vol&iacute;t&aacute;s&aacute;ra k&eacute;nyszer&uuml;lt&uuml;nk.V&eacute;lem&eacute;ny&uuml;nk szerint a 3D nyomtat&aacute;si technol&oacute;gi&aacute;val elő&aacute;ll&iacute;tott szilikon &ouml;ntőform&aacute;ban, csontcementből k&eacute;sz&uuml;lő egyedi implant&aacute;tumok igen j&oacute; eredm&eacute;nnyel alkalmazhat&oacute;ak a koponya csontos hi&aacute;nyainak p&oacute;tl&aacute;s&aacute;ra.Due to the special physiological circumstances of the intracranial space, it is especially important to repair congenital or acquired defects of the cranial bone. The aesthetic impact of the surgery is also not negligible. At our Institute we developed a cranioplasty procedure in which the 3D reconstruction of a thin-layer computed tomography (CT) scan of the skull is used to reflect the intact side onto the defective side and subtract the overlapping points from one another. In  this way a 3D model can be constructed of the implant with the exact shape and size needed to substitute the defective part. By printing the defective part of the skull, the precise fit of the implant can be easily checked and if necessary, the model can be modified. Based on the finalized model we fabricated a sterilizable silicone mold that can be used for molding the appropriate replacement from poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement in an aseptic environment during the surgery.Between 2013 and 2020, in collaboration with the Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, and the Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the Health Center of the Hungarian Defence Forces we created such cranioplasty molds for 29 patients. We experienced no technical problems during the surgery. Septic complications, not connected to this special procedure, occurred in two cases (regarding three implants) and in these cases theimplants had to be removed.In our opinion, custom made bone cement implants, molded in silicone molds that are fabricated with 3D printing technology, can be used with good results to repair defects of the skull

    The elements of fluid mechanics of bile flow through biliary drainage catheters

    Get PDF
    Obstructive jaundice in the biliary tract can infect blood and result in mortality with a high rate. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) with catheters is a useful solution discharging the obstructive jaundice. However, the elements of fluid mechanics showing clinical performance of a PTBD catheter have been documented little so far. In the article, empirical relationships between bile flow rate and pressure gradient in PTBD catheters were studied in terms of equivalent friction factor for the first time. Firstly, an equivalent friction factor in a catheter was raised and determined based on existing in vitro experimental data of bile flow through the catheters with different materials, various inner diameters and lengths under various pressure differences. Then, an empirical correlation of bile flow rate through a catheter was established based on pressure gradient, inner diameter and bile viscosity. The correlation was used to identify effects of catheter inner diameter and bile viscosity on the bile flow rate under the physiological bile pressure difference across obstructed common bile ducts. The feature of minor hydraulic losses in the catheters was clarified, too. The proposed equivalent friction factor was proportional to Reynolds number in a power of -0.654 in comparison with a power of -1 for the fully developed laminar flow in circular pipes. The bile flow rate through a catheter was proportional to inner diameter, kinematic viscosity, and pressure gradient in the powers of 3.2, -0.5 and 0.74, respectively. The minor hydraulic losses could be significant when Reynolds number was greater than 100. Obstructive jaundice in the biliary tract can infect blood and result in mortality with a high rate. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) with catheters is a useful solution discharging the obstructive jaundice. However, the elements of fluid mechanics showing clinical performance of a PTBD catheter have been documented little so far. In the article, empirical relationships between bile flow rate and pressure gradient in PTBD catheters were studied in terms of equivalent friction factor for the first time. Firstly, an equivalent friction factor in a catheter was raised and determined based on existing in vitro experimental data of bile flow through the catheters with different materials, various inner diameters and lengths under various pressure differences. Then, an empirical correlation of bile flow rate through a catheter was established based on pressure gradient, inner diameter and bile viscosity. The correlation was used to identify effects of catheter inner diameter and bile viscosity on the bile flow rate under the physiological bile pressure difference across obstructed common bile ducts. The feature of minor hydraulic losses in the catheters was clarified, too. The proposed equivalent friction factor was proportional to Reynolds number in a power of -0.654 in comparison with a power of -1 for the fully developed laminar flow in circular pipes. The bile flow rate through a catheter was proportional to inner diameter, kinematic viscosity, and pressure gradient in the powers of 3.2, -0.5 and 0.74, respectively. The minor hydraulic losses could be significant when Reynolds number was greater than 100.Obstructive jaundice in the biliary tract can infect blood and result in mortality with a high rate. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) with catheters is a useful solution discharging the obstructive jaundice. However, the elements of fluid mechanics showing clinical performance of a PTBD catheter have been documented little so far. In the article, empirical relationships between bile flow rate and pressure gradient in PTBD catheters were studied in terms of equivalent friction factor for the first time. Firstly, an equivalent friction factor in a catheter was raised and determined based on existing in vitro experimental data of bile flow through the catheters with different materials, various inner diameters and lengths under various pressure differences. Then, an empirical correlation of bile flow rate through a catheter was established based on pressure gradient, inner diameter and bile viscosity. The correlation was used to identify effects of catheter inner diameter and bile viscosity on the bile flow rate under the physiological bile pressure difference across obstructed common bile ducts. The feature of minor hydraulic losses in the catheters was clarified, too. The proposed equivalent friction factor was proportional to Reynolds number in a power of -0.654 in comparison with a power of -1 for the fully developed laminar flow in circular pipes. The bile flow rate through a catheter was proportional to inner diameter, kinematic viscosity, and pressure gradient in the powers of 3.2, -0.5 and 0.74, respectively. The minor hydraulic losses could be significant when Reynolds number was greater than 100

    Demonstration of scoliosis classification with 3D printed model collection

    Get PDF
    A 3D nyomtat&aacute;s az &uacute;j digit&aacute;lis technol&oacute;gi&aacute;khoz tartozik, de ma m&aacute;r rengeteg felhaszn&aacute;l&aacute;si ter&uuml;lete l&eacute;tezik. Felhaszn&aacute;l&aacute;si ter&uuml;letei k&ouml;z&ouml;tt a mozg&aacute;sszervi seb&eacute;szetben is fontos, hogy a m&oacute;dszer az egyedi ig&eacute;nyeket is ki tudja szolg&aacute;lni. A m&oacute;dszer ezen előny&eacute;t kihaszn&aacute;lva munk&aacute;nk sor&aacute;n Lawrence Lenke&aacute;ltal kidolgozott scoliosis klasszifik&aacute;ci&oacute; 3D nyomtat&aacute;ssal val&oacute; modellez&eacute;s&eacute;t tűzt&uuml;k ki c&eacute;lul.A modellgyűjtem&eacute;ny l&eacute;trehoz&aacute;sa a P&eacute;csi Tudom&aacute;nyegyetemen &uuml;zemelő EOS r&ouml;ntgenberendez&eacute;ssel (EOS Imaging, P&aacute;rizs, Franciaorsz&aacute;g) k&eacute;sz&uuml;lt 3D csigolya- &eacute;s medencemodellek adatain alapult. A berendez&eacute;s saj&aacute;t szoftver&eacute;vel (SterEOS programcsomag) export&aacute;lt adatokat a 3-matic Medical (Materialise,Leuven, Belgium) seg&iacute;ts&eacute;g&eacute;vel feldolgozva az Inventor Professional (Autodesk, San Rafael, USA) rendszerrel t&ouml;rt&eacute;nt a porckorongok szerkeszt&eacute;se, majd ism&eacute;t a 3-matic k&eacute;pess&eacute;geit kihaszn&aacute;lva k&eacute;sz&uuml;lt el a 3D nyomtat&aacute;shoz sz&uuml;ks&eacute;ges f&aacute;jlform&aacute;tum. A folyamat utols&oacute; l&eacute;p&eacute;se a modellek nyomtat&aacute;sa &eacute;s egy falitart&oacute;ban val&oacute; &ouml;sszerendez&eacute;se volt.A Lenke-f&eacute;le scoliosis klasszifik&aacute;ci&oacute; k&eacute;zzel foghat&oacute; modellekből &aacute;ll&oacute; gyűjtem&eacute;nye mind a kezelőorvosok, mind az orvostanhallgat&oacute;k, mind a betegek sz&aacute;m&aacute;ra rendk&iacute;v&uuml;l hasznos &eacute;s hi&aacute;nyp&oacute;tl&oacute; is egyben. Kiemelt jelentős&eacute;g&eacute;t l&aacute;tjuk a gerincferd&uuml;l&eacute;s, mint t&eacute;rbeli elv&aacute;ltoz&aacute;s meg&eacute;rt&eacute;se szempontj&aacute;b&oacute;l.A j&ouml;vőben tov&aacute;bbi elv&aacute;ltoz&aacute;s klasszifik&aacute;ci&oacute;k 3D nyomtat&aacute;ssal elő&aacute;ll&iacute;tott modellgyűjtem&eacute;ny&eacute;nek a l&eacute;trehoz&aacute;s&aacute;t is tervezz&uuml;k, &iacute;gy pl. a Paprosky &aacute;ltal, cs&iacute;pőprot&eacute;zis rev&iacute;zi&oacute;t ig&eacute;nylő v&aacute;pa defektusos esetek klaszszifik&aacute;ci&oacute;s rendszer&eacute;nek kivitelez&eacute;s&eacute;t&nbsp;.3D printing technology belongs to the new digital technologies. Nowadays, it has been used in many fields. Among them, for example in locomotor surgery, the method can meet individual and variable needs. Take advantage of this, we aim to build the 3D models of the Lawrence Lenke’s scoliosis classification. The model collection was generated based on the data of EOS X-ray machine (EOSImaging, Paris, France) which is from University of Pécs. This equipment can generate 3D images  from vertebras and the pelvic. Then the data was imported to the 3-matic Medical software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) to get the format converted. The vertebral disks were processed with the Inventor Professional (Autodesk, San Rafael, USA) program. The final step was printing the models with the 3D printing machine and setting out the models in the cupboard. The 3D printed models of the Lawrence Lenke scoliosis classification could be very useful for the doctors, the patients and the students as well. We believe that this model collection is of great importance in the understanding of the scoliosis. In the future, we are planning to design other model collections, for example based on Paprosky classification

    Prospects in innovative manufacturing technology of UHMWPE for prostheses and comparison with medical grade UHMWPE

    No full text
    Due to its properties like high load-bearing capacity, biocompatibility, excellent abrasion resistance and strength, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is widely used as a bearing material in the field of joint prostheses. Currently, UHMWPE is produced by compression molding, ram extrusion or sintering, followed by post-processing techniques, such as milling or machining to finalize the prosthesis geometry and to achieve the final tolerances. With  post-processing techniques we are wasting a high cost material, energy and time. In this paper, we collected manufacturing technologies that has have the potential to be used for creating prosthesis with one step production, minimalize material loss and with a view to providing customized manufacturing capabilities.  We compared three technologies: (i) ram extrusion (currently used technology for joint prosthesis), (ii) FDM printing and (iii) injection molding. In addition to the feasibility, we focus on the investigation of mechanical properties. Three tests were performed on the manufactured specimens: hardness measurement, tensile test and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to compare the finished parts produced by the different processing technologies. In our work we used the L4000 (Lubmer, Mitsui Chemicals) granulate form material for the recommended alternative technologies. As a result we were able to produce specimens successfully by optimizing the machine setting parameters in the case of injection molding and FDM printing. Beyond the high processing temperatures, the challenge was the high shrinkage of the material in both cases and to achieve good adhesion between the first layers and the base plate during 3D printing.  Despite the difficult manufacturability (caused the extremely low Melt Flow Rate of UHMWPE) the SEM examination gave a favourable picture of internal fiber adhesion in the 3D printed UHMWPE. The results of the tests show that the 3D printed samples have inferior hardness, lower strength and modulus than the injection-molded samples but both alternative techniques have improved tensile strength and modulus compared to the ram extruded samples

    Reducing CT artifacts caused by metal implants

    Get PDF
    A Debreceni Egyetem Ortop&eacute;diai Tansz&eacute;k&eacute;nek Biomechanikai Laborat&oacute;riuma rendszeresen &aacute;ll&iacute;t elő szem&eacute;lyre szabott mozg&aacute;sszervi implant&aacute;tumokhoz kieg&eacute;sz&iacute;tő c&eacute;lz&oacute;kat, &ouml;ntőform&aacute;kat, valamint a c&eacute;lok k&ouml;z&ouml;tt szerepel a 3D nyomtat&oacute; seg&iacute;ts&eacute;g&eacute;vel elő&aacute;ll&iacute;tott tit&aacute;n implant&aacute;tumok gy&aacute;rt&aacute;sa is. Ehhez a beteg j&oacute; minős&eacute;gű CT felv&eacute;tele alapj&aacute;n sz&aacute;m&iacute;t&oacute;g&eacute;pes programokkal l&eacute;trehozottvoxelekből fel&eacute;p&uuml;lő adatokra van sz&uuml;ks&eacute;g. Ezen betegek egy r&eacute;sze m&aacute;r jelenleg is rendelkezik valamilyen implant&aacute;tummal, amelyet az &uacute;j szem&eacute;lyre szabott implant&aacute;tummal terveznek helyettes&iacute;teni.A hagyom&aacute;nyos CT felv&eacute;teleken a k&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;ző strukt&uacute;r&aacute;k elt&eacute;rő denzit&aacute;s &eacute;rt&eacute;kei miatt fiziol&oacute;gi&aacute;s esetben is megfigyelhetőek műterm&eacute;kek, amelyek ak&aacute;r a diagn&oacute;zis fel&aacute;ll&iacute;t&aacute;s&aacute;t is lehetetlenn&eacute; tehetik. K&uuml;l&ouml;n&ouml;sen igaz ez abban az esetben ha a p&aacute;ciens valamilyen f&eacute;m implant&aacute;tumot hordoz a test&eacute;ben, legyen az cs&iacute;pő-, t&eacute;rd-vagy adott esetben fog&aacute;szati implant&aacute;tum. A kutat&oacute;csoportunkmunk&aacute;ja szempontj&aacute;b&oacute;l azonban nem el&eacute;g biztos diagn&oacute;zishoz el&eacute;gs&eacute;ges szintre reduk&aacute;lni a műterm&eacute;keket, mert a csontok pontos h&aacute;romdimenzi&oacute;s rekonstrukci&oacute;j&aacute;hoz szinte műterm&eacute;k mentes CT felv&eacute;telekre van sz&uuml;ks&eacute;g&uuml;nk.K&iacute;s&eacute;rlet&uuml;nk c&eacute;lja egy olyan CT-lek&eacute;pez&eacute;si m&oacute;dszer kidolgoz&aacute;sa volt, amely r&eacute;v&eacute;n a f&eacute;m artefaktumok mennyis&eacute;ge nem csak lecs&ouml;kken, de &ouml;sszess&eacute;g&eacute;ben v&eacute;ve el is tűnik.Irodalmi adatok arra utaltak, hogy a lek&eacute;pez&eacute;s axi&aacute;lis s&iacute;kj&aacute;nak m&oacute;dos&iacute;t&aacute;sakor a f&eacute;m műterm&eacute;kek eloszl&aacute;sa m&oacute;dosul, &iacute;gy a kor&aacute;bban &eacute;rt&eacute;kelhetetlen ter&uuml;letek feltisztulnak.Hipot&eacute;zis&uuml;nk vizsg&aacute;lat&aacute;ra csontos marhal&aacute;bsz&aacute;rb&oacute;l &eacute;s medenc&eacute;ből &aacute;ll&oacute; rendszerbe be&uuml;ltetett cs&iacute;pő&iacute;z&uuml;leti prot&eacute;zissel k&eacute;sz&iacute;tett&uuml;nk fantomot, amelyet CT k&eacute;sz&uuml;l&eacute;kkel axi&aacute;lis, szagitt&aacute;lis &eacute;s k&ouml;ztes sz&ouml;gpoz&iacute;ci&oacute;kban lek&eacute;pezt&uuml;nk. Tov&aacute;bb&aacute; felv&eacute;teleket k&eacute;sz&iacute;tett&uuml;nk a fantomr&oacute;l implant&aacute;tum n&eacute;lk&uuml;l is valamint szoftveres artefaktum cs&ouml;kkentő programmal (MAR) is igyekezt&uuml;nk a k&eacute;peket jav&iacute;tani.Eredm&eacute;nyeink azt mutatj&aacute;k, hogy siker&uuml;lt egy olyan m&oacute;dszer &eacute;s aj&aacute;nl&aacute;s kidolgoz&aacute;sa, amellyel l&eacute;nyegesen cs&ouml;kkenthető a f&eacute;m implant&aacute;tumok &aacute;ltal okozott műterm&eacute;k m&eacute;rt&eacute;ke.The Biomechanical Laboratory of the Department of Orthopedics of the University of Debrecen regularly produces additional tools and molds for personalized locomotor implants. The aim is the production of titanium implants using a 3D printer, too. To make this feasible, a consistingof voxels created by computer programs based on high-quality CT scans of a patient data are required. Some of these patients already have an implant, which is planned to be replaced with the new personalized implant.Artificial products can be observed on traditional CT scans due to the different density values of different structures, even in physiological conditions, which may make it impossible to get a diagnosis. This is especially true if the patient is carrying a metal implant in their body, for example hip, knee, or dental implant. For our research group accurate three-dimensional reconstruction of bones, which are almost artifact-free CT images needed.The aim of our experiment was to develop a CT imaging method that not only reduces the amount of metal products, but also completely eliminates them. Literature data suggest that as the axial plane of the mapping is altered, the distribution of metal artifacts changes and previously invaluable areas become clearer.To test our hypothesis, hip implant inserted into a system consisting of bovine legs and pelvis simulating a joint with prothesis.The phantom was imaged with a CT device in axial, sagittal, and intermediate angular positions.Pictures of the phantom were also taken without an implant as well we tried to improve the images with a software artifact reduction program (MAR). Our results show that we have succeeded in developing a method and recommendation that essentially the amount of artifact caused by metal implants can be reduced

    3D nyomtatás és csontcement alapú cranioplastica mérése mechanikai szempontból

    Get PDF
    Cranioplasty is defined as the surgical repair of a defect in the cranium. In the method we use, we created geometrically correct replacements by 3D printer. These implants expose to the same mechanical impacts after implantation as a healthy skull, so they have to bear the same. Our aim was to measure it.We worked on 10 calvarias. Our theory is the skulls are symmetrical. If one defect is made on one side and a replacement is made by mirroring the intact side, we can measure the strength of the intact and the replaced skull parties by make mechanical impact separately both side, and comparing the datas. First we made the defects and then the CT pictures. From them we createdthe 3D model of skulls with computer software and then made the virtual replacements. After the printing was completed, a silicone mold was made, and later the bone cement was poured into final implants. Mechanical load testing was carried out with biomechanical material testing equipment.Replacement bearing capacity is 1585.6 N with 57.5% deviation; without replacement 2785.7 N with 69.35% deviation. The ratio of the capacity of the replaced and intact skulls was 2.97. Taking into account the thickness, this value was changed to 2.64.The average bearing capacity is more than 150 kg and the minimum value is 38.58 kg, which is more than the daily impacts on the skull and breakage of the replacements prevents the skull fracture, which would result in a much more dangerous injury.A cranioplastica egy olyan seb&eacute;szi elj&aacute;r&aacute;s, amely sor&aacute;n helyre&aacute;ll&iacute;tj&aacute;k a kopony&aacute;n keletkezett defektust. A modern orvostudom&aacute;nyt a beteg specifikus elj&aacute;r&aacute;sok t&eacute;rh&oacute;d&iacute;t&aacute;sa jellemzi, ennek egyik form&aacute;ja a 3D nyomtat&oacute;k alkalmaz&aacute;sa. Az &aacute;ltalunk alkalmazott m&oacute;dszer sor&aacute;n ezt a technol&oacute;gi&aacute;t haszn&aacute;ljuk ageometriailag megfelelő p&oacute;tl&aacute;sok elk&eacute;sz&iacute;t&eacute;s&eacute;hez. Kutat&aacute;sunk alapgondolata, hogy az implant&aacute;tumok be&uuml;ltet&eacute;s ut&aacute;n azonos mechanikai hat&aacute;soknak vannak kit&eacute;ve, mint az &eacute;p koponya, &iacute;gy ezeknek az implant&aacute;tumoknak nemcsak eszt&eacute;tikai &eacute;s biokompatibilit&aacute;si, hanem teherb&iacute;r&aacute;si szempontb&oacute;l is meg kellfelelni&uuml;k. Vizsg&aacute;latunk ennek m&eacute;r&eacute;s&eacute;t tűzte ki c&eacute;lul.10 macer&aacute;lt calvarian dolgoztunk. Elm&eacute;let&uuml;nk alapja, hogy a kopony&aacute;k szimmetrikusak. Ebből kifoly&oacute;lag, ha az egyik oldalon k&eacute;sz&iacute;t&uuml;nk egy defektust, &eacute;s a m&aacute;sik oldal t&uuml;kr&ouml;z&eacute;s&eacute;vel elő&aacute;ll&iacute;tunk egy p&oacute;tl&aacute;st, akkor a k&eacute;t oldalt k&uuml;l&ouml;n-k&uuml;l&ouml;n mechanikai hat&aacute;snak kit&eacute;ve m&eacute;rni tudjuk az &eacute;p &eacute;s a p&oacute;tolt koponyafelek teherb&iacute;r&oacute; k&eacute;pess&eacute;g&eacute;t, ezek alapj&aacute;n pedig &ouml;sszehasonl&iacute;thatjuk az azonos kopony&aacute;k &eacute;p &eacute;s p&oacute;tolt fel&eacute;nek adatait.A vizsg&aacute;lat sor&aacute;n a nyomtat&aacute;shoz MED 610 f&eacute;nyre kem&eacute;nyedő műgyant&aacute;t, az &ouml;ntőforma elk&eacute;sz&iacute;t&eacute;s&eacute;hez RTV 245 k&eacute;tkomponensű szilikont haszn&aacute;ltunk, a v&eacute;gleges p&oacute;tl&aacute;shoz pedig polimetil-metakril&aacute;t (PMMA) alap&uacute; Cemfix 3 csontcementet. Első l&eacute;p&eacute;sk&eacute;nt l&eacute;trehoztuk a defektusokat, majd CT felv&eacute;teltk&eacute;sz&iacute;tett&uuml;nk, amik alapj&aacute;n erre a c&eacute;lra tervezett sz&aacute;m&iacute;t&oacute;g&eacute;pes szoftverrel (Mimics Innovation Suite) megalkottuk a kopony&aacute;k 3D modellj&eacute;t, majd megszerkesztett&uuml;k a p&oacute;tl&aacute;st. A p&oacute;tl&aacute;sok nyomtat&aacute;sa ut&aacute;na szilikon &ouml;ntőform&aacute;kat gy&aacute;rtottuk le, amelyekbe k&eacute;sőbb csontcementet &ouml;ntve elk&eacute;sz&uuml;ltek a v&eacute;gleges implant&aacute;tumok. A mechanikai teherb&iacute;r&aacute;s vizsg&aacute;latokat egy Instron 8874 t&iacute;pus&uacute; biomechanikai anyagvizsg&aacute;l&oacute; berendez&eacute;ssel v&eacute;gezt&uuml;k el.A t&ouml;nkremenetelhez sz&uuml;ks&eacute;ges erők a kopony&aacute;k k&uuml;l&ouml;nb&ouml;zős&eacute;ge miatt el&eacute;g nagy v&aacute;ltozatoss&aacute;got mutattak mind a p&oacute;tl&aacute;ssal rendelkező, mind a p&oacute;tl&aacute;s n&eacute;lk&uuml;li modelleken. P&oacute;tl&aacute;ssal &aacute;tlagban 1585,6 N-t 57,5%-os sz&oacute;r&aacute;ssal; p&oacute;tl&aacute;s n&eacute;lk&uuml;l 2785,7 N-t kaptunk 69,35%-os sz&oacute;r&aacute;s mellett. Ezek alapj&aacute;n a p&oacute;tolt &eacute;s &eacute;pkopony&aacute;k teherb&iacute;r&aacute;s&aacute;nak ar&aacute;nya 2,97-nek ad&oacute;dott. A vastags&aacute;got is figyelembe v&eacute;ve ez az &eacute;rt&eacute;k 2,64-re m&oacute;dosult, a sz&oacute;r&aacute;s cs&ouml;kken&eacute;se mellett. A t&ouml;r&eacute;s gyakorlatilag minden esetben a p&oacute;tl&aacute;son k&ouml;vetkezett be.A p&oacute;tl&aacute;ssal t&ouml;rt&eacute;nt m&eacute;r&eacute;s sor&aacute;n az &aacute;tlagos teherb&iacute;r&aacute;s t&ouml;bb mint 150 kg-nak, a legkisebb &eacute;rt&eacute;k 38,58 kgnyi behat&aacute;snak felel meg, amely a mindennapi tev&eacute;kenys&eacute;g sor&aacute;n a kopony&aacute;t &eacute;rő terhel&eacute;sekn&eacute;l kevesebb. Az eredm&eacute;nyek alapj&aacute;n jelentős erőbehat&aacute;s eset&eacute;n a p&oacute;tl&aacute;sok t&ouml;r&eacute;se megakad&aacute;lyozza a koponyat&ouml;r&eacute;s&eacute;t, amely j&oacute;val vesz&eacute;lyesebb s&eacute;r&uuml;l&eacute;ssel j&aacute;rna

    267

    full texts

    292

    metadata records
    Updated in last 30 days.
    Hungarian Society of Biomechanics: E-Journals / Magyar Biomechanikai Társaság
    Access Repository Dashboard
    Do you manage Open Research Online? Become a CORE Member to access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard! 👇