Hungarian Society of Biomechanics: E-Journals / Magyar Biomechanikai Társaság
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Computer aided processing of cervical spine radiographs
Get PDFQuite a number of medical specialties require distance and angle measurements on x-ray images. Drafting and measurement on traditional x-ray films can be done with marker pens, rulers and protractor, but this method is time consuming and often inaccurate. Authors present a computer aided drafting and measurement method for both digitized and digital x-rays.Evaluation of cervical spine x-rays is especially important for patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Our computer program helps users to mark necessary points and draw lines on x-rays interactively on the computer screen, then the program calculates relevant angles and distances based on literature data.Manual drafting on traditional x-ray films is time consuming, and it is usually impossible or at least difficult to repeat. When one wants to try drafting more than once, previous lines have to be erased from the film, or a separate transparent film can be used. Reading distance and angle values requires a ruler and a protractor. The tip size of the marker pen and the precision of ruler, protractor positioning can result in measurement errors of multiple millimeters and degrees.Contrarily, computer based drafting allows arbitrary number of users arbitrary number of attempts to define necessary points on x-rays, and then predefined algorithms calculate the results.Computer aided drafting can be performed by many persons, a number of times. Accuracy can be improved by using image processing capabilities such as zooming, contrast correction, etc. Results can be superimposed on x-ray images, making follow-up easier.Compared to „traditional” drafting, the computer-aided method’s repeatability and reliability is a great advantage. It is easier to learn computer-based drafting, especially when a large number of points have to be marked and complicated measurements are involved. With an appropriate drafting and evaluation protocol, processing of x-rays provides added diagnostic value, e.g. further examinations can be ordered based on the results, scheduling of follow-ups can be optimized. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2013/1/1
Technological innovation at Salus Ortopédtechnika Kft. Regarding the GERINCOR project
Get PDFIn this article we tried to introduce our renewed technology regarding the Gerincor project. Instead of the old technology the new provides much cleaner, more accurate, and more comfortable procedure for our young patients. Moreover data could be archived much easier. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2013/1/1
Biomechanical evaluation of interbody devices by using mechanical compressive test: PEEK spacers versus PMMA cement spacers
Get PDFIf spine degenerations are accompanied by osteoporosis, the traditional PEEK spacers can strongly subside into the irregularly deformed endplates and vertebrae following surgical stabilization. To avoid implant subsidence, a new technique is developed where bone cement is applied as interbody device along the vertebra-implant interface. In this study, the mechanical comparison of the traditional PEEK and the new PMMA cement spacers are presented based on uniaxial compression tests. It was concluded that in osteoporotic spine the cement spacers provide better contact along the irregularly deformed endplates, and stronger vertebra-implant interface leading to enhanced stability of lumbar interbody fixation. In the case of PMMA cages, the failure deformation of segments is almost the half of that of the PEEK spacers, while the stiffness of them is more than two times larger. In strongly osteoporotic cases, a more evenly distributed cement pattern results in smaller stress concentrations and greater strength which may decrease the risk of subsidence. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2013/1/2
Szuperkritikus körülmények között előállított csontpótló aerogél kompozitok vizsgálata állatkísérleti modelleken
Get PDFAt the University of Debrecen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry aimed to make a bone substitute which is cheap, easy to produce and it can be used in clinical practice. These supercritical circumstances made aerogel composites are from hidroxi-apatit, tricalcium-phosphat and silica alcogel. They also have osteoinductive, osteoconductive properties; furthermore they can provide a stable structure for the newly built bone. The research was carried out on adult, male, healthy Long-Evans rats. We implanted the synthetized material into the lateral condyle of their left femoral condyle. We exposed the distal part of thigh-bone, we detached the periosteum, then we drilled a 2 mm hole in the condyle. Into that hole we impacted the examined bone substitute material. On the 4th, 8th and the 13th week we performed X-rays to follow up the implanted material. After the 13th week we removed the whole left femur of the rats and sent them for histological examination. According to our results on the histological slides and the X-ray pictures the newly built bone and the absorption of the bone substitute materials can be seen, but during the 13 weeks it could not absorb completely, although by the clinical experiences this could not be expected. The immunological results did not show such a reaction which could disfi gure the result of the research. Based on these observations we plan to continue the work aiming to the synthesis of the bone substitute material which can be introduced to the human clinical practice.A Debreceni Egyetem Ortopédiai Klinikája, valamint a Szervetlen és Analitikai Kémiai Tanszékeegy OTKA pályázat keretében szuperkritikus körülmények között hidroxiapatitot, trikalcium-foszfátot és szilika aerogélt tartalmazó kompoz itokat állított elő, amely a csontbankülönböző okokból kialakult súlyos folytonossági hiány pótlására szolgálhat. Bár a kialakultcsonthiány pótlására a saját csont beültetése lenne a legkedvezőbb, hiszen a szervezet aztfogadja be a legnagyobb valószínűséggel, azonban a donorterületek véges volumene miattautograftok csak korlátozottan állnak a rendelkezésünkre. A kifejlesztett anyagunk viszont amellett,hogy oszteoinduktív és oszteokonduktív hatással is rendelkezik, olcsón és nagy mennyi -ségben előállítható. Az élő szervezetben való viselkedést felnőtt, hím, egészséges Long-Evanspatkányok bal oldali combcsontján tanulmányoztuk. A létrehozott csontpótló anyagot a femurlate ra lis condylusába készített 2 mm átmérőjű defektusba ültettük, majd pedig megfi gyeltük abeépü lését a 4., 8. és 13. héten röntgen-, illetve a 13. hét után szövettani vizsgálatok által. Az eddigieredményeink alapján elmondható, hogy a szövettani metszeteken és a röntgenképeken csontújdonképződésmellett a vizsgálati anyag beépülése is megfi gyelhető volt, ugyanakkor csak részbenszívódott fel. A kutatás kimenetelét torzító, jelentős immunválaszt nem váltottak ki a vizsgálatianyagok. Mindezek alapján a munka folytatását tervezzük, megcélozva egy, a klinikaigyakorlatban bevezethető anyag előállítását. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2013/2/0
Biokompatibilis nyúlásmérő bélyeg szerkezeti és mechanikai vizsgálata
Get PDFA következőtanulmány egy biokompatibilis bevonattal ellátott, villamosan vezető, szilikon alap-anyagú nyúlásmérőbélyeg tervezését, a próbadarabok elkészítését, az elvégzett vizsgálatokat, valamint azok eredményeit foglalja össze. A tervezési feladat a meglévővillamosan vezetőszilikon nyúlásmérőbélyeg biokompatibilissé tétele volt, tehát a bevonat lehetséges alapanyagainak meg-határozása, létrehozásának lehetőségei és a megvalósítható módszer kiválasztása után a próba-testek gyártásához szükséges szerszámok létrehozása is idetartozik. Az elkészített próbadarabok esetén vizsgáltuk, hogy a még teljesen használatlan nyúlásmérő bélyeg konstans és ciklikus mechanikai terhelés hatására produkál-e bármilyen tranziens jelenséget, amennyiben igen, milyen annak jellege és mértéke. Pásztázó elektronmikroszkóp segítségével elemeztük a nyúlásmérőbélyeg felépítését, meghatároztuk a villamosan vezetőszilikon és a biokompatibilis réteg közötti átmenet jellegét. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a nyú-lásmérők alapanyagtól függően különbözőmértékben, de mindenképpen átesnek egy tranziens beálláson. Megállapítható, hogy a szilikonok polimerizációját elősegítőkatalizátoroktól függően a biokompatibilis bevonat és a villamosan vezetőalap nem minden alapanyag esetén képes megfelelőtérhálósodásra. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2014/1/01 
Modern wound treatment with devices working according to various physical principles
Get PDFThe prevalence of venous diseases in Europe is 25.2%. According to studies of the University of Bonn this number can be as high as 90%. Optimistic estimates suggest this number to be 27.5% in Hungary, 21.5% in Germany. Treatment costs of varicosis and its complications are covered by 2% of the annual healthcare expenditure in Western countries. Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI, or chronic venous disease, CVD) affects 1.7% of European population, and can lead to venous ulcers. In Hungary 0.5-1% of the population suffers from venous ulcers, which is a result of primary or secondary varicosity.Although an increasing number of modern wound dressings have appeared during the last decade, the treatment of ulcerous wounds in necrotic and exudative phases requires additional methods, either conventional or surgical. Infrared light is used to discover pathologic veins. Beside sclerotherapy and surgical treatment external and internal (so called intraluminal) methods are used. Leg ulcers of venous origin in various phases can be cleaned with ultrasound devices, vacuum therapy or high pressure water. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment, keratinocytes, magnetic treatment, laser wound care and skin transplantation can be used as adjuvant.Authors present the aforementioned procedures with examples. New devices and methods help to reduce healing time and to avoid amputation in cases that are often considered hopeless.Technical advancement and modern wound dressings permit successful treatment and healing of wounds that earlier were untreatable, however monetary shortage and the current status of healthcare. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2013/1/0
Analyzing spinal deformities by spatial data extracted from computer generated moiré images
Get PDFMoiré measuring method is used widely throughout medical protocols, especially in the field of spinal diagnostics. In this article we will present an image processing method (written in National Instruments™ LabVIEW™ environment) to extract the height coordinates of a human back, by using the information provided by the moiré phenomenon formed on the surface. These data can be used to improve the accuracy of the two-dimensional deformation analysis (e.g. determination of Cobb Angle), or the relevance of three-dimensional aberrations (such as vertebral protrusions). DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2013/1/3
The trunk model: a multi-segment approach of the thorax
Get PDF3D motion anlysis is a tool for evaluating gait and posture parameters in orthopaedic deformities. Spinal desorders are very common in paediatric orthopaedic practice. Recently used motion capture methods are not suitable for modeling the kinematics of the trunk segments. The aim of this study was to develop a kinematic model for the trunk that could be applied to measure segmental motions. In the present model the trunk was divided into three parts: the upper thorax, the lower thorax and the pelvis. 13 healthy volunteers were measured to calculate standard graphs for the segmental movements of the trunk. The distance of the C7-Th10 vertebrea, the sagittal- and frontal plane balance and the intersegmental rotation were evaluated. Results of this study present normative values of the trunk motion and highlight the flexibility of the thorax. Our trunk model provide possibility for segmental modeling the trunk in adolescence posture desorders such as scoliosis, Scheuermann’s kyphosis and also in adult spinal diseases. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2013/1/1
Decision help system supported data-mining method
Get PDFDatabase of scoliosis examination stores a lot of data of patients. The exact numbers and the written opinion of doctors are useable in decision about the resolution of screening process. The moiré method and results of depth scanning are pictures. The conclusions are subjective. The paper is about a data mining based method for qualification of case to help of diagnosis. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2013/1/1