The University of Kansas: Journals@KU
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Enhancing Medical Student Competency in LGBTQIA+ Health Care through Focused Education on Social Determinants of Health
Get PDF“We just want to tell the story”: A mixed methods exploration of partners’ motivations to join and stay engaged in community- research partnerships
Get PDFCommunity engagement and partnerships are at the core of public health. To address long-standing disparities, there is an urgent need to partner with community members and community-based organizations to co-create health interventions and programs. Community-academic partnerships (CAPs)—one model for community partnerships—can increase the capacity and implementation of evidence-based and culturally responsive public health practices. While effective, there is a need to address gaps in understanding perceived motivations and gains among and between partners, particularly in the context of engaging marginalized communities. This mixed methods project explored motivations to join and continue to engage in a CAP designed to advance health equity in Flint, Michigan. Using a survey and qualitative interview, twenty-five community and academic partner representatives were invited to participate.
Motivating factors were categorized as individual, interpersonal, organizational, and community level contexts. Overall, findings demonstrate how motivational factors are interactive and multi-dimensional with varied contexts, emphasizing intrinsic drives in individual contexts, social support and external organizational resources through interpersonal and organizational contexts, and demonstration of concrete outcomes in community contexts. Findings from the study can be used to improve design of community partnerships that seek to advance health equity by attending to key factors that drive motivations to engage with marginalized communities
A qualitative insight on stereotypes and prejudices toward mental disorders in Burkina Faso: the interaction of shame and fear as underlying influences of stigma
Get PDFBackground: Worldwide, stigma is recognized as a barrier limiting access to psychiatric care. The scope of the stigma varies across cultural contexts and contributes to the social inequalities in health observed in many low- and middle-income countries.
Aim and methods: In this paper, we explore the way mental disorders are stigmatized in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). We conducted 7 focus groups and 25 individual interviews with patients, family members, caregivers, and key informants. Interviews focused on stereotypes and attitudes toward individuals identified with mental disorders.
Results: A set of stereotypes is socially conveyed about people with mental disorders. The perceptions that these individuals are fragile, useless, dangerous, marginal, and adopt strange behaviors are common. These stereotypes could be related to emotional reactions, such as sadness, compassion, indifference, fear, disgust, and shame that justify, in some cases, discrimination and unequal treatments.
Discussion: This study suggests that affective reactions are crucial to understand stigma in Burkina Faso. The notion of shame seems to be rooted in a set of cultural norms and values, and fear seems to be related to structural stigma. Our results offer some insights for future anti-stigma programs in a context where resources are limited and where cultural characteristics must be considered
Case Report: An Exploration of Cadaveric Anatomical Anomalies
Get PDFIn the gross anatomy laboratory at the Tulane University School of Medicine, our group of six Anatomy Master’s Degree students observed several anatomical and pathological findings in a female cadaver. The dissectors were provided with dissection equipment including forceps, hemostats, blunt probes, and scalpels to study the cadaver. Some notable discoveries included severe scoliosis, an ossified lumbar mass, extensive abdominal adhesions, a duodenal stent, a biliary stent, a hysterectomy and oophorectomy procedure, and medical devices such as a subclavian chemotherapy port and ureteral stents. The scoliosis appeared to be caused by the ossified mass spanning the length of her lumbar spine. Histopathological analysis revealed osteoid tissue which indicated a possible diagnosis of osteosarcoma. The subclavian chemotherapy port was found in the supine position within the right superior thoracic region, leading us to speculate a malignant nature of the lumbar mass. During abdominal dissection, reflection of the anterior abdominal wall was difficult due to the many abdominal adhesions found throughout the peritoneal cavity. The greater omentum was unable to be observed due to the adhesions. Dissection of the intraperitoneal organs revealed abnormal coloration of the gallbladder and cystic duct. After identifying the organs of the gastrointestinal tract with multiple intestinal adhesions, a duodenal stent was revealed in the descending duodenum. A second stent was identified in the bile duct, suggesting that it had been placed to alleviate biliary obstruction or pancreatitis due to complications of the duodenal stent placement. During the pelvic cavity dissection, the dissectors noticed a complete hysterectomy and oophorectomy. It is unknown whether the procedure was done to prevent further complications in the treatment of the lumbar mass, or if it was done prior to the formation of the lumbar mass. Dissection of the retroperitoneal space revealed that both kidneys had no anatomical variations, but ureteral stents were found in the renal pelvises of both kidneys. The ureteral stents traveled through the ureters and entered into the urinary bladder. Using literature review, the dissectors explored possible links between these findings.
Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Clay County, Kansas
Get PDFThis report describing the geography, geology, and ground-water resources of Clay County, in north-central Kansas, is based on hydrologic and geologic information obtained in the field during the fall of 1953 and the summer of 1954. The field data are given in tables; they include records of 143 wells, chemical analyses of water from 35 representative wells, logs of 28 test holes, and results of pumping (aquifer) tests. In addition, 110 holes were augered to determine the depth to water.
Clay County has an area of about 660 square miles and lies in the Great Plains and Central Lowlands physiographic provinces. Most of it is drained by Republican River; small areas are drained by Fancy Creek and Chapman Creek, which are not tributaries of Republican River. The normal annual precipitation at Clay Center is 27.92 inches, and the mean annual temperature is 55.1° F. Agriculture is the principal occupation in the county.
The rocks that crop out at the surface in Clay County are sedimentary and range in age from Permian to Recent. The oldest formation exposed in the county is the Barneston Limestone. The Dakota Formation, the youngest Cretaceous rock in the county, crops out over a large part of western and northern Clay County. The Permian and Cretaceous rocks are mantled in many places by unconsolidated continental deposits of fluviatile and eolian origin representing four stages of the Pleistocene Epoch.
The unconsolidated sand and gravel deposits of Pleistocene age form the principal aquifer in the county. These deposits are thickest and most extensive in the valley of Republican River. The Dakota Formation yields moderate quantities of water to wells in western and northern Clay County. The Barneston Limestone yields small to moderate quantities of water to wells in eastern Clay County. Ground water in the area is recharged principally from local precipitation; underflow from adjacent areas contributes significantly, however. Ground water is discharged mainly by seepage into streams and by transpiration by plants. All municipal and industrial water supplies and most domestic and stock supplies are obtained from wells. Irrigation from wells is practiced extensively in the valley of Republican River
Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Miami County, Kansas
No full textMiami County, Kansas, has an area of 592 square miles. It lies within the Osage Plains section of the Central Lowlands physiographic province. Rocks above the Precambrian basement are 2,000 to 2,500 feet thick and are of sedimentary origin. They include rocks of Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, and Neogene ages. Exposed Pennsylvanian and Neogene rocks are nearly 400 feet thick. The Pennsylvanian rocks have a regional dip to the northwest of about 20 feet per mile.
Recent alluvial deposits have a maximum thickness of about 55 feet in the Marais des Cygnes River valley and yield moderate supplies of ground water. Upper Pleistocene terrace deposits have a maximum thickness of 50 feet and yield moderate amounts of water. The most productive bedrock aquifers are Pennsylvanian limestones and sandstones that are near enough to the surface to have been weathered, thereby increasing their permeability. Water with less than 1,000 ppm dissolved solids occurs to a depth of about 200 feet in these bedrock aquifers.
Water from Neogene deposits is of good quality, except that it is moderately hard and may contain excessive amounts of iron. Bedrock aquifers yield water of good quality, but in most localities the water is moderately hard.
Data collected as a part of this investigation include records of 123 wells and springs, logs of 116 wells and test holes, and chemical analyses of 25 water samples
A call for standardization in wild bee data collection and curation
Get PDFStandardizing data collection methods is essential for advancing research, monitoring, and conservation efforts on bees. Greater consistency in data practices will enable the production of higher-quality, interoperable datasets, fostering a deeper understanding of bee populations and trends over time. This special issue series of Journal of Melittology presents six articles outlining standardized protocols and data standards to support wild bee data collection efforts, together with this article, which makes a general argument for greater standardization. These protocols are applicable to a wide range of research efforts to maximize the quality and use of wild bee occurrence data and can also be integrated into formal monitoring programs. Here, we first outline the need for, and an overview of, a series of standardized protocols and data standards developed in association with the U.S. National Native Bee Monitoring Research Coordination Network. We provide guidance on how to decide among the protocols to achieve different objectives. We then summarize key features of the protocols, including (i) how they are designed to focus on collecting only essential information, while also providing additional recommendations; (ii) that they are intended to be embedded within whatever broader sampling schemes have been designed to meet individual project or program objectives; and (iii) their emphasis on data standards. Lastly, we argue for the collection of additional ecological information that can be used to contextualize wild bee occurrence data. This information supports hypothesis testing to better understand the causal drivers underlying the status and trends of wild bees
