Animal Production (E-Journal, JAP)
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Response, Effectiveness and Accuracy of Different Selection Methods and Intensities In Dairy Cattle
Get PDFA data set of dairy cattle production and reproduction taken from Baturraden Dairy Cattle Breeding Centre (Balai Besar Pembibitan Ternak Unggul; BBPTU) was used in the study. The data included were 180 records of milk production collected from first, second and third lactation. The objectives of the study were : (1) to estimate heritability and repeatability of the milk production, (2) to compute accuracy, response and effectiveness of individual selection on different selection methods and intensities, (3) to study the best lactation period for selection in dairy cattle. Some conclusion can be drawn: (1) the estimated repeatability of milk production was considered low, the opposite was true for heritability estimate, (2) the selection response and its effectiveness increased when the number of animals maintained in the population decreased, (3) the selection accuracy increased along with the increased of number of record included, (4) the highest selection accuracy was obtained from individual selection with three records whilst the family selection resulted in the lowest selection accuracy. It was also concluded that selection in dairy cattle can be done as early as the first lactation and the accuracy will be increased if combined with the information from relatives. (Animal Production 11(1): 66-70 (2009) Key Words:  dairy cattle, effectiveness selection metho
Profit Analysis of Small Holder Dairy Cattle Farm on Group and Individual System in Banyumas Regency
No full textThis research is aimed to study production, technical and the profit of group and individual system on smallholder dairy cattle farm. The research has been conducted in Banyumas Regency. Data collection was done by surveying about 80 farmers, Unit Output Price Cobb-Douglas Profit Function estimation employed Ordinary Leas Square (OLS) method. The different of variable from the result of profit estimation. Profit function analysis on group system showed that manpower pay, animal age, lactation period, lactation month and farmer education have a significant influence on the profit. Whereas, on individual system influence of manpower pay, animal age and lactation month were significant on the profit. Dummy variable showed that group system has more profit than individual system, it was because on group system; (1) has cheaper price on forage and concentrate cost, (2) has higher average of production result, and (3) has higher price of milk per unit. (Animal Production 4(2): 94-100 (2002) Key words : Profit, Group and Individual Syste
The Utilization of Chicken Fat as Alternative Raw Material for Biodiesel Synthesis
Get PDFAbstract. A study of biodiesel production of chicken fat through estrification-transesterification reactions has been conducted. The separation of the chicken fat was conducted using heating technique, while the esterification-transesterification was conducted using ethanol reagent with chloride acid and hydroxide kalium catalyses. The identification results were identified chromatographically and spectroscopically and the chemical properties (peroxide number, acid number and saponification number) were determined. The results of the study showed that the ethyl ester resulting from the chicken fat was dominated by ethyl miristic component (1.25%), ethyl palmitic (22.38%), ethyl palmitoleic (3.35%), ethyl stearic (7.56%), ethyl oleic (45.83%), and ethyl linoleic (17.54%). Moreover, the percentage yield of ethyl ester from es-trans reaction of chicken fat was 66-70 %. The ethyl ester had the same characteristic as biodiesel quality standard.Key Words: chicken fat, esterification, transesterification, biodiese
The Utilization of Soybean Hulls as Energy Resources on Ration Local Sheep
No full textAn experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soybean hulls as a ration in twenty seven rams. The animal had a mean of live weight of 12.863 ± 1.934 kg. Levels of soybean hulls were 0, 50, and 100 %  or 0,25, and 50 % in ration dry matter basis and rations were  iso-nitrogenous. The experiment were use Completely Randomized Design, data collected was analyzed using analysis of variance and polynomial orthogonal test.  Inclusion of soybean hulls in 50% ration dry matter had no effect on daily live weight gain (90.65±20.88 g), nitrogen, calcium and phosphor balances positive. However, dry matter consumption tended to increase linearly and as soybean hulls level increase in the ration (P<0.01). The digestible energy and NDF significantly decrease linearly (P<0.01), whereas intake of the energy was similar i.e. 122±0.39, 1.44±0.17, and 1.23±0.19 Mcal/day but NDF tended to increase for ration containing 0, 25, 50% of soybean hulls, respectively. The digestible crude protein is significantly quadratic (P<0.01), due to the release of energy and N are synchronized in 25% of soybean hulls in ration dry matter. It was concluded that soybean hulls can be used as a sources of energy and substitute for corn. (Animal Production 3(1): 5-11 (2001) Key Words: Local ram, soybean hulls, live weight gain, digestibilit
Hydrolysis of Palm Kernel Cake (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) by Fungi Trichoderma reesei that Degrades Mannan Polysaccharides
No full textThe research was conducted to study the growth characterization of Trichoderma reesei, the degradability of mannan polysaccharides from Palm Kernel Cake (PKC) with different concentrations of fungi and thickness of the PKC medium, as well as the improvement of the nutritive value of palm kernel cake. Experiment 1 was to study the growth characterization of Trichoderma reesei, and Experiment 2 was conducted using concentrations of fungi (104, 105, and 106 CFU per cc) and thickness of the PKC medium (1, 2, and 3 cm). The research used a completely randomized design with factorial 3 x 3. The treatments resulted in significant (P<0.05) differences on pH and temperature of PKC medium, ADF, NDF, crude protein, and hemicellulose. There were interaction effect on the concentrations of fungi and on the thickness of PKC medium (P<0.05) on NDF, crude protein, and hemicelluloses (P<0.05). Experiment 3 was conducted to study the True Metabolizable Energy (TME), the retention of nitrogen, total sugar and mannan content. Results showed that Trichoderma reesei was able to degrade mannan polysaccharides of PKC whereby TME and the total sugar value increased, but the nitrogen retention and mannan content decreased. (Animal Production 10(1): 42-49 (2008) Key Words: Hydrolysis, palm kernel cake, Trichoderma reesei, mannan polysaccharide
Analysis of Local Chicken Entreprise in DAS Serayu Banyumas
No full textThe Objectives of this research was to know income and efficiency level of local chicken entreprise. Beside that, to know potency of local chicken enterprise developing in DAS Serayu, Banyumas and know factors can effect level of that income and efficiency. Methode that used at this research is survey method to farmer families. Take of research data by random sampling.The data is analysed by multiple regression analysis. The results of this research showed that income level of local chicken entreprise at DAS Serayu is Rp 277.375,00 / year and economi efficiency 2.80 , that means the farmers get return Rp 2.80 for every one unit cost addition. The age of farmers and total of chicken possession effect at efficiency of  local chicken entreprise. Potency of local chicken developing very big if showed from power of area and human resources. Very important to increase entreprise capital and increase knowledge for farmer. Beside that more important present motivation and support for develop there enterprise (Animal Production 2(1): 13-17 (2000)Key Words: local chicken, farmers income, economic efficienc
Breeding Programme Development of Bali Cattle at Bali Breeding Centre
Get PDFGrowth performance of Bali cattle has been a major concern especially in the character of body weight at a certain age, birth weight and weaning weight. Efforts to increase the quality of the performance of Bali cattle have been carried out by the government by forming P3Bali. In the activities of quality improvement, the government is guided by the breeding program which has been prepared. To strengthen these activities further, the breeding program has been modified based on weaning weight data for 10 years (1994-2004). Data were analyzed using the VCE and PEST to estimate the components of genetic variance and covariance. The breeding program was set up based on the results of the accuracy of some methods of selection. The results showed that the ratio of male to female optimum (1:5) would increase the selection response per generation about 53.08 percent. Selection responses were obtained when males were maintained for three years and females over six years in the population. (Animal Production 13 (1):45-51 (2011)Key Words: Bali cattle, breeding program, selection respons
Functional Characteristics of Spent Duck Meat for Use in Emulsion-Type Meat Products
Get PDFSpent ducks produce nutritive meat; however the meat possesses undesirable characteristics such as strong odor and tough. Hence, appropriate yet simple processing technologies need to be developed in order to maximize the use of duck meat. The experiment was conducted to evaluate functional characteristics of spent duck meat as raw material for the production of emulsion-type meat products, such as nugget and sausage. Chilled carcasses of 96 spent ducks were deboned manually, then mixed thoroughly and ground using a 5 mm diameter grinding plate. The ground meat was divided into 4 batches (group) of treatments; one batch was treated with iced tap water (M1), one batch with 0.1% NaCl solution (M2), one batch with 0.5% NaHCO3 solution (M3), and one batch was left as is as control (M4). Variables measured were water holding capacity (WHC), pH, emulsion capacity and stability of the meat; and firmness and tenderness of the meat gel. Results showed that M1 meat has significantly higher WHC (less percentage of free water) than control (M4), whereas M2 and M3 meat has similar WHC to control. Processing caused the ground duck meat to have significantly higher pH than control. The highest meat pH was observed in M3, followed by M2, M1 and control. Processing duck meat with iced tap water, NaCl or NaHCO3 produced significantly more tender meat gel compared to untreated meat (as is). Tenderness of meat gel of M3 was the most tender followed by M2 and M1. Similar results for meat gel firmness were observed. No significant differences were observed in term of emulsion capacity (expressed as ml oil/gr protein and ml oil/gr fresh meat), emulsion stability (expressed as ml oil and total liquid released per 100 gr emulsion), and cooking recovery (%). The study reported in this paper offers simple processing technologies to improve functional characteristics of spent duck meat to be use as raw material for the production of emulsion type meat products. (Animal Production 12(1): 55-59 (2010)Key Words: spent duck meat, processing, functional characteristics, emulsion type meat produc
The Potency of Livestock Subsector Development in Banyumas Regency Central Java
Get PDFLivestock subsector is one of source of economic growth on local or regional area. Therefore, government has to concern increasing the production intensity of livestock subsector. Banyumas Regency is one of region that has potency as center of livestock production in Central Java. The objectives of research were: (1) to know population target of livestock subsector superior commodity in Banyumas Regency for five years ahead; (2) to identify basis and no basis commodity; (3) to know the distribution of basis commodity; (4) to know area specialization of basis commodity; (5) to identify area growth in region; and (6) to know specialization of basis commodity in area. Result of research showed that: (1) the production increased on all livestock subsector for five years ahead and chicken had the biggest production level; (2) chicken was the biggest basis commodity in 17 subdistricts, then Sumpiuh and Kedungbanteng had the biggest amount of basis commodity, i.e. 6 basis commodities; (3) almost all basis commodity tend to spread randomly in several subdistrict especially chicken and goat; (4) every basis commodity in every subdistrict had positive coefficient specialization, thus, until now there were no subdistrict which specialized for certain commodity; (5) subdistricts that became basis commodity for chicken, sheep and goat were Lumbir, Jatilawang, Rawalo, Kebasen, Kemranjen, Tambak, Patikraja, Karanglewas, Kedungbanteng, and South Purwokerto; and (6) subdistricts that became basis commodity specialization of chicken, sheep and Goat were Lumbir, Jatilawang, Rawalo, Tambak, Patikraja and Kedungbanteng. (Animal Production 11(2): 71-78 (2009)Â Key Words: Banyumas, livestock subsector, basis commodity, forecasting metho
The Effect of Caffeine Supplementation in Egg-Yolk Tris Extender on Motility and Velocity of Garut Sheep Sperm Separation
Get PDFThe aims of this research were to know the effect of caffeine in Tris egg yolk extender on motility and velocity of Garut Ram sperm after separation and to find out the optimum dosage of caffeine for both parameters. This research used experimental design with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments on different dosage (0 mM, 2 mM, 4 mM and 6 mM), each treatment is repeated five times. The result showed that the supplemtation of caffeine significantly influence sperm motility of Garut Ram sperm after separation. The highest sperm motility was on dosage 4 mM that was 63.57% on top fraction and 65.90% on below fraction. The highest sperm velocity was on dosage 4 mM that was 62.37 µm/second on top fraction and 64.24 µm/second on below fraction and significantly influence sperm velocity. The conclusion, 4 mM dosage of caffeine was the optimum dosage to reach the highest motility and velocity of Garut Ram sperm both on top  and below fractions. (Animal Production 12(3): 139-143 (2010)Key Words: spermatozoa, Garut ram, sperm separation, caffein