JERAMI - Indonesian Journal of Crop Science
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Inventory of Chili Pests and Diseases in Kabandungan Sub-District, Sukabumi Regency
Full text linkThe decline in chili commodity production is influenced by various factors, including climate anomalies, less than optimal cultivation techniques, decreasing land quality, and pest attacks. Kabandungan District, as one of the chili production centers, can be used as a reference for studying the presence and intensity of chili pest attacks in general. Information about pest attacks can be used as a basis for control that can be applied in any location with similar characteristics. This research was conducted in Kabandungan District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. This research was carried out from November 2021 to March 2022. The number of chili plants observed was 930 plants which were divided into 61 observation points spread across 6 villages, including Cianaga, Cihamerang, Cipeuteuy, Kabandungan, Mekarjaya, and Tugubandung Villages. The chili plants observed consisted of the local variety of cayenne pepper (CMR), cayenne red chili (CMR), curly red chili (CMK) variety TM 999, Darmais F1 large red chili (CMB), curly red chili (CMK), and chili curly red (CMK) OR Twist 42. The results of the study stated that the incidence of pest attacks was dominated by S. Litura attacks 26.40%, and Colletotrichum capsici 25.60% in the vegetative phase, as well as S. Litura 27.21%, and Gemini Virus 47.35% in the generative phase. S. litura attacks are reported to dominate all villages in Kabandungan District, while Mekarjaya Village is dominated by mites
Effect of Tofu Liquid Waste and SP-36 on the Growth and Yield of Sweet Corn Plants (Zea mays saccharata Sturt).
Full text linkTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian limbah cair tahu dan SP-36 terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.). Penelitian ini dilakukan di lahan kebun melon bentiring kelompok tani milenial. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan 2 faktor 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama pemberian limbah cair tahu (T) : T0 (Kontrol), T1 (20%), T2 (40%) dan T3 (60%). Sedangkan faktor ke 2 Pupuk SP-36 (P) : P0 (Kontrol), P1 (2,8 gr/tanaman), P2 (4,2 gr/tanaman) dan P3 (5,6 gr/tanaman). Berdasarkan taraf yang dicobakan dari kedua faktor perlakuan tersebut, maka diperoleh 16 kombinasi perlakuan. Masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang 3 kali dan diperoleh 16 kombinasi perlakuan dan diperoleh 48 satuan percobaan dan setiap percobaan terdiri dari 8 tanaman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara perlakuan pemberian limbah cair tahu dan SP-36 berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung. Perlakuan limbah cair tahu (20%) berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 35 HST dan berpengaruh sangat nyata jumlah daun umur 49 HST. Sedangkan perlakuan Pupuk SP-36 (2,8 gr/tanaman ) berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun dan berat basah tanaman
The Effect Of Administration Of Paitan (Tithonia Diversifolia) Liquid Extract On The Growth Of Tissue Cultural Products Of Barangan Banana (Musa Acuminata L.) Seedlings
Full text linkBananas (Musa spp.) are tropical plants that are very popular in Indonesia. Banana plants in the nursery require a planting medium that contains the nutrients the plants need. Tithonia is an annual weed that is suitable for use as a source of plant nutrients. This research aims to determine the effect of giving Tithonia liquid extract on the growth of Barangan banana seedlings resulting from tissue culture at the seedling stage and the best dose for using Tithonia liquid extract. This research was conducted at the Germplasm Nursery and Breeding Laboratory of the Tropical Fruit Plant Research Institute, Solok, West Sumatra, from September to December 2020. This research used the RAL method (Completely Randomized Design) with four treatments and six replications, in the form of 1) Without Tithonia extract, 2) Giving 1 ml of Tithonia extract, 3) Giving 2 ml of Tithonia extract, and 4) Giving 3 ml of Tithonia extract. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, and stem diameter. Data was tested statistically. If calculated F > F table then it is tested further using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) with a level of 5%. The results of the research showed that giving Tithonia liquid extract had an effect on the growth of Barangan banana seedlings resulting from tissue culture. Significantly different results were obtained for the leaf width increase parameter. On the other hand, the results were not significantly different for other parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and stem diameter. Giving 1 ml of Tithonia liquid extract was the best dose in this study
Effect of Biopesticide Application in Suppressing the Population of Onion Caterpillar Pests (Spodoptera exigua L) in Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonikum L)
Full text linkABSTRAK
Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas sayuran unggulan yang sejak lama telah diusahakan oleh petani secara intensif Komoditas ini juga merupakan sumber pendapatan yang memberikan kontribusi cukup tinggi terhadap perkembangan ekonomi wilayah, karena memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi maka budidaya bawang merah telah menyebar di hampir semua provinsi di Indonesia. Jenis hama yang sering dijumpai pada tanaman bawang merah yaitu ulat bawang (Sexigua). Bawang merah merupakan inang utama bagi larva S.exigua. Kellilangan hasil akibat serangan hama ini dapat mencapai570/o karena terjadi sejak fase pertumbuhan awal sampai dengan fase pematangan umbi, bahkan bisa mengakibatkan gagal panen terutama di musim kernarau apabila pengendalian tidak dilakukan sesegera mungkin. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk menekan pertumbuhan yaitu ulat bawang pada bawang merah dengan menggunakan pestisida nabati. Pestisida nabati mengandung senyawa aktifyang mampu mengganggu proses perkembangan ulat bawang Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Non Faktorial dengan masingmasing perlakuan DO ( kontrol), Dl (100 ml masing-masing daun Nimba, Serai dan Lengkuas/ liter air), D2 (200 ml masing-masing daun Nimba, Serai dan Lengkuas Iliter air), D3 (300 ml masing-masing daun Nimba, Serai dan Lengkuas [liter air) dan D4 (400 ml masing-masing daun Nimba, Serai dan Lengkuas Iliter air). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan Biopestisida menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap semua perlakuan yaitu intensitas serangan, persentase serangan, bobot umbi segar dan bobot umbi kering. Perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada D4.
Kata Kunci : Bawang merah, Biopestisida, Ulat bawang (Spodoptera exigua)
Control of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) using Antagonist Fungi
Full text linkNematodes Meloidogyne spp. is the most important phytonematode in the world, especially in agriculture in tropical areas. The level of root damage to tomato plants caused by the nematode Meloidogyne spp. can reach 68.3%. In general, control of plant parasitic nematodes is still carried out using pesticides in the form of insecticides which can also be used as nematicides. Continuous use of chemicals to control nematodes can cause environmental pollution, resurgence and nematode resistance to chemicals. One alternative control is biological. One of the biological agents that can be used to control Meloidogyne nematodes is the endophytic fungus Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma asperellum. The research aims to obtain the best isolates of endophytic fungi for controlling rootknot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The isolates tested were 2 Beauveria bassiana isolates and 2 Trichoderma asperellum isolates. The results showed that the fungus isolate Beauveria bassiana isolate TD312 had a higher ability to control Meloidogyne spp on tomatoes.
 
Suitability Analysis Of Tobacco Cultivation Technique In Nagari Baruah Gunung
Full text linkThe problem with tobacco farmers in Nagari Baruah Gununang is a productivity. Tobacco productivity is below national productivity due to cultivation techniques that do not comply with standards. The research method uses suitability analysis to assess the level of suitability of cultivation techniques used by farmers in Nagari Baruah Gunuang. The level of suitability is analyzed using check sheet based on a likert scale by comparing farmers actual and standards cultivation. The research results show that suitability level of tobacco cultivation technique is 70%. This means that the cultivation techniques used by farmers are still classified as almost in accordance with standards. The stages of cultivation that do not meet standards are planting; fertilization; and weeding, watering and loosening. The problems that cause non-compliance with this standard are close spacing of plants, lack of use of manure and dolomite, inappropriate dosage and type of chemical fertilizer, and insufficient watering and irrigation
Exploration and Morphological Characterization of Aren (Arenga pinnata Merr) Plants in Luhak District, 50 Kota Regency
Full text linkAren palm (Arenga pinnata Merr) belongs to the palm tribe. The problem that is often encountered in aren palm plants is the low productivity of aren palm plants, this is allegedly because the seeds used are not superior seeds and cultivation techniques that are not yet appropriate. The low production of plants is thought to be due to the low knowledge of the community on the use of superior aren palm planting materials, where the cultivated aren palm is not considered superior properties, including the diversity of aren palm species that grow wildly is still high in one forest land, unclear identity of seeds used by farmers. Exploration is the first step in finding germplasm of aren palm plants that have the expected traits through breeding programs so that it is expected to be one of the solutions for the development of aren palm plants. This research will be conducted from May to October 2023 in community-owned aren palm plantations in 50 cities. The purpose of this research is to characterize the morphology of Aren plants in District 50 Kota and to see the level of diversity of aren palm plants in the area. The research method was survey method, with purposive sampling. The data collection technique is to observe the morphological parts of the plant in each sample. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively, while for the analysis of similarity the calculation of the NTSYS Ver 2.02 program was used. The results of the study obtained 4 clusters of palm plants from 3 villages namely Nagari Sungai Kamuyang, Sikabu-kabu and Mungo. Researchers obtained 15 samples of aren palm plants characterized by 19 characters, namely 10 characters have wide variability and 9 characters have narrow variability with a level of diversity ranging from 14% - 47%.
 
The Plant Growth Analysis of Cucumis sativus L. Affected by Various Types of Organic Matter
Full text linkOrganic matter can be used to increase the growth and metabolism activities of Cucumis sativus L. plants. Plant growth analysis is a simple method that can be used to determine physiological activities that support plant growth. The study aims to describe plant activities through plant growth analysis which is influenced by the use of organic matter. The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya. The study used a Completely Randomized Design - single factor (types of organic matters) i.e. control, rice straw compost, rice husk, leaf green compost, and cow manure. Four replications were used in this study. Based on our study, the application of organic matter significantly affects LAI 2 WAP, LAI 4 WAP, WC 2 WAP, WC 4 WAP, NAR, PGR, and HI. Cow manure, green leaf compost, and rice straw compost can increase LAI, while rice husk, rice straw, and green cow manure can increase WC. Furthermore, the application of rice husk and cow manure was able to increase in NAR, CGR, and HI. The increase NAR, CGR, and HI in this study was positively correlated with r= 0.622 and r= 0.284, respectively
Optimizing the Growth of Tasikmalaya Honje (Etlingera elatior) Accession Seeds by Implementing Fermentation of Rabbit Urine and Coconut Water
Full text linkOrganic matter has an important role besides providing macro and micro nutrients to plants, it can also improve environmental quality. The fermentation of rabbit urine and coconut water is expected to optimise the growth of honje seedlings. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of fermented rabbit urine and coconut water that can optimise the growth of honje seedlings of Tasikmalaya accession. The study used a completely randomised design with seven treatments, namely A = control, B = 25% rabbit urine fermentation, C = 50% rabbit urine fermentation, D = 25% coconut water, E = 25% rabbit urine fermentation + 25% coconut water, F = 50% rabbit urine fermentation + 25% coconut water, G = 50% rabbit urine fermentation + 50% coconut water. The results showed that the treatments gave significantly different results on shoot emergence, seedling height, seedling diameter, and root crown ratio. Treatment G produced the fastest shoot emergence (6 days), and plant height (10.4 cm). Meanwhile, the widest seedling diameter was produced by treatment B (4.4cm), C (3.9 cm), and treatment G (3.9cm). Treatment C produced the highest root crown ratio of 0.5
Utilization Of Manure With Rumen Bioactivator As A Complement To Inorganic Fertilizer In Soybean Crops (Glycine Max L. Merrill).
Full text linkKebutuhan kedelai di Indonesia semakin meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk yang meningkat. Kebutuhan kedelai rata-rata mencapai 2,3 juta ton/ha, namun produksi di Indonesia hanya sekitar 800-900 ribu ton. Untuk itu salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam meningkatkan produksi kedelai yaitu dengan menggunakan pupuk organik dengan kelebihan ramah lingkungan. Rumen sapi merupakan salah satu limbah yang dihasilkan dari rumah pemotongan hewan yang belum dimanfaatkan. Dalam rumen sapi mengandung banyak bakteri yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bioaktivator. Bioaktivator rumen sapi dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan untuk mempercepat proses dekomposisi pupuk kandang. Selain itu pada penelitian ini juga menggunakan limbah darah sapi yang berasal dari rumah pemotongan hewan. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan satu faktor yaitu jenis pupuk kandang (A): A0 (Kontrol), A1 (pukan ayam + bioaktivator rumen), A2 (pukan kambing + bioaktivator rumen), A3 (pukan sapi + bioaktivator rumen) diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Hasil analisis data menggunakan Analisis Sidik Ragam dan apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk kandang yang diperkaya bioaktivator rumen sapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 28 hst, jumlah daun umur 14 hst, dan jumlah cabang umur 56 hst berat 100 biji tanaman, berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap berat polong, dan jumlah polong cipo pertanaman pada tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L. Merril