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“Full factorial design of experiments dataset for parallel-connected lithium-ion cells imbalanced performance investigation”
Get PDFThis paper shares an experimental dataset of lithium-ion battery parallel-connected modules. The campaign, conducted at the Stanford Energy Control Laboratory, employs a comprehensive full factorial Design of Experiment methodology on ladder-configured parallel strings. A total of 54 test conditions were investigated under various operating temperatures, cell-to-cell interconnection resistance, cell chemistry, and aging levels. The module-level testing procedure involved Constant Current Constant Voltage (CC-CV) charging and Constant Current (CC) discharge. Beyond monitoring total module current and voltage, Hall sensors and thermocouples were employed to measure the signals from each individual cell to quantify both current and temperature distribution within each tested module configuration. Additionally, the dataset contains cell characterization data for every cell (i.e. NCA Samsung INR21700-50E and NMC LG-Chem INR21700-M50T) used in the module-level experiments. This dataset provides valuable resources for developing battery physics-based, empirical, and data-driven models at single cell and module level. Ultimately, it contributes to advance our understanding of how cell-to-cell heterogeneity propagates within the module and how that affects the overall system performance
‘Mind the Gap’ : extending outcome measurement for accountability and meaningful innovation
Get PDFWe examine the outcome measurement landscape in care leaver innovation, where many innovations to support transitions of young people leaving care fail to sustain beyond a fixed-term pilot, and fewer impact wider transition policies. Our empirical qualitative study comprises interviews with 31 senior UK children’s social care policy and practice professionals, 103 interviews across five innovation-focused case studies within England with a range of public and private providers. We consider these data in relation to evaluations from a nationally diffused social care innovation. We identified three measurement landscape challenges. First, we highlight the limits of the economically oriented measurement and identify an overlooked outcome measurement demand. Second, we emphasise a need to stratify care leaver population outcomes to better reflect individuals transition through different domains of life and trajectory. Third, we identify areas of precarity around the intended use of care leaver experience. We conclude that tensions exist between the pull towards a unified approach to outcome measurement and the reality of decoupled outcome requirements and legitimacy-seeking priorities which differ according to stakeholder. These tensions entrench stagnant innovation. Recognition of roles and legitimacies that exist across the process of care leaver innovation is warranted. Opportunities for action are discussed
Reciprocal design in Italian Renaissance wood intarsia : patterns, parasites, and human/more-than-human making
Get PDFThis article explores how Italian Renaissance intarsia emerged from making practices sensitive to wood as animate material, and from a design correspondence with its environment. It argues that intarsia reconciled different modes: design-drawing, design in wood, and design with wood. These interconnected practices allow us to reconfigure intarsia as a technology created holistically from the correspondence of different human and more-than-human forces, including parasites – such as woodworm and fungi – and elemental factors – such as heat, water and air – all mobilised in active processes of pattern-making. It shows how this “Wood Age” craft is also an ecologically-rooted response to growing concerns about timber availability and forest sustainability. Finally, it proposes for intarsia the concept of reciprocal design, where patterns emerge from continuous correspondence and co-making between human and more-than-human agents
Caiman tales : new enlightenments about species conservation risks
No full textCaiman is a genus of medium-sized crocodilians, which comprises three officially acknowledged species, native to South and Central America with a wide range of geographical distribution. They have been served for skin demand, meat supply, pet breeding and many other purposes since the 20th century. Thanks to high populations and the wide distribution, the genetic diversity of caimans reveals to be high and the existence of cryptic species in Caiman is questioned due to the lack of data from molecular analysis. All three members within Caiman are not considered to be threatened at the protection level. However, the lack of genetic analysis might challenge this harmony since some species may be divided into multiple new ones due to cryptic species concerns. Hence the old evaluation of populations and protection levels may not be applied to those new ones. Many recent works focusing on genetic diversity and phylogeny analysis in Caiman have demonstrated problems of the underestimated genetic complexity of lineages. This review evaluates publications of the Caiman genus with phylogenetic concerns and compares them to examples of separation of other crocodilian species from last decades to discuss the cryptic species in Caiman and provide outlines for future protective operations
Utilization of high-volume fly ash in pervious concrete mixtures for mangrove conservation
Get PDFIn environmental conservation, mangrove forests play a crucial role. Retransplanting mangrove propagules, however, faces challenges, and success rates are notably low. Achieving an optimal protector for propagules, balancing strength without impeding growth, is challenging. Mangrove propagules require a temporary protector with an optimal balance, neither too weak nor too strong, to shield them from current waves which is difficult. We propose using pervious concrete pots with high-volume fly ash activated with low NaOH concentrations. The investigation focuses on the influence of the mixing procedure on workability, compressive strength, and mineral composition. The novel discovery in this study is the specific sequence of stirring the ingredients using an alkali activator, which adds an interesting dimension to the research. It is recommended to adopt Sequence 2 in pervious concrete production, where NaOH dissolved FA in the mixture forming albite as N-A-S-H gel product. It surely enhanced both workability and the strength confirming uniform application processes. The two recommended variants, PFS-60 and PFBS-50, effectively utilize coal ash, meeting the target compressive strength range of 3–5 MPa and providing support for mangrove pots over a 3–4 year period. Notably, both compositions maintained consistent mechanical properties during exposure to tidal conditions for 240 days.They exhibit high permeability (694 liter/m²/minute), facilitating efficient water passage without sediment entrainment
Anion storing, oxygen vacancy incorporated perovskite oxide composites for high-performance aqueous dual ion hybrid supercapacitors
No full textDual ion storage hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) are considered as a promising device to overcome the limited energy density of existing supercapacitors while preserving high power and long cyclability. However, the development of high-capacity anion-storing materials, which can be paired with fast charging capacitive electrodes, lags behind cation-storing counterparts. Herein, we demonstrate the surface faradaic OH− storage mechanism of anion storing perovskite oxide composites and their application in high-performance dual ion HSCs. The oxygen vacancy and nanoparticle size of the reduced LaMnO3 (r-LaMnO3) were controlled, while r-LaMnO3 was chemically coupled with ozonated carbon nanotubes (oCNTs) for the improved anion storing capacity and cycle performance. As taken by in-situ and ex-situ spectroscopic and computational analyses, OH− ions are inserted into the oxygen vacancies coordinating with octahedral Mn with the increase in the oxidation state of Mn during the charging process or vice versa. Configuring OH− storing r-LaMnO3/oCNT composite with Na+ storing MXene, the as-fabricated aqueous dual ion HSCs achieved the cycle performance of 73.3% over 10,000 cycles, delivering the maximum energy and power densities of 47.5 W h kg−1 and 8 kW kg−1, respectively, far exceeding those of previously reported aqueous anion and dual ion storage cells. This research establishes a foundation for the unique anion storage mechanism of the defect engineered perovskite oxides and the advancement of dual ion hybrid energy storage devices with high energy and power densities
Memory and prospection
No full textMemory and prospection – often termed, more specifically, episodic memory and episodic future thinking – have recently been re-conceptualized as but two aspects of a general human capacity for ‘mental time travel’. This chapter discusses some questions that arise from this characterization, which concern the distinctive psychological (and phenomenological) features of mental time travel, specific recent theoretical approaches to mental time travel, and a number of quite intricate ways in which memory and prospection might be seen to be connected to each other
HierarchyNet : learning to summarize source code with heterogeneous representations
Get PDFCode representation is important to machine learning models in the code-related applications. Existing code summarization approaches primarily leverage Abstract Syntax Trees (ASTs) and sequential information from source code to generate code summaries while often overlooking the critical consideration of the interplay of dependencies among code elements and code hierarchy. However, effective summarization necessitates a holistic analysis of code snippets from three distinct aspects: lexical, syntactic, and semantic information. In this paper, we propose a novel code summarization approach utilizing Heterogeneous Code Representations (HCRs) and our specially designed HierarchyNet. HCRs adeptly capture essential code features at lexical, syntactic, and semantic levels within a hierarchical structure. HierarchyNet processes each layer of the HCR separately, employing a Heterogeneous Graph Transformer, a Tree-based CNN, and a Transformer Encoder. In addition, HierarchyNet demonstrates superior performance compared to fine-tuned pre-trained models, including CodeT5, and CodeBERT, as well as large language models that employ zero/few-shot settings, such as CodeLlama, StarCoder, and CodeGen. Implementation details can be found at https://github.com/FSoft-AI4Code/HierarchyNet
Reducing water conveyance footprint through an advanced optimization framework
Get PDFThis study investigates the optimal and safe operation of pumping stations in water distribution systems (WDSs) with the aim of reducing the environmental footprint of water conveyance processes. We introduced the nonlinear chaotic honey badger algorithm (NCHBA), a novel and robust optimization method. The proposed method utilizes chaotic maps to enhance exploration and convergence speed, incorporating a nonlinear control parameter to effectively balance local and global search dynamics. Single-objective optimization results on a WDS show that NCHBA outperforms other algorithms in solution accuracy and convergence speed. The application of the proposed approach on a water network with two variable-speed pumps demonstrated a significant 27% reduction in energy consumption. Expanding our focus to the multi-objective optimization of pump scheduling programs in large-scale water distribution systems (WDSs), we employ the non-dominated sorting nonlinear chaotic honey badger algorithm (MONCHBA). The findings reveal that the use of variable-speed pumps not only enhances energy efficiency but also bolsters WDS reliability compared to the use of single-speed pumps. The results showcase the potential and robustness of the proposed multi-objective NCHBA in achieving an optimal Pareto front that effectively balances energy consumption, pressure levels, and water quality risk, facilitating carbon footprint reduction and sustainable management of WDSs