114612 research outputs found
Sort by
The effect of climate change threat on public attitudes towards ethnic and religious minorities and climate refugees
No full textHow does climate change threat affect attitudes towards ethnic and religious minorities and climate change refugees? We show that threatening climate change can have deep psychological effects even among social majority groups in relatively prosperous and peaceful societies. Using three survey experiments with self-identified White British participants (N=616, N=587, and N=535), we demonstrate that social majority members who are exposed to threatening information about climate change (vs. neutral information) and, at the same time, feel little national efficacy over climate change, evaluate more negatively certain ethnic and religious minorities, especially Muslims and Pakistanis. We found the same trend in the evaluation of climate refugees, although it reached statistical significance only in one of the experiments. We explain these reactions as pertaining to groups that are perceived as threatening the salient ingroup and its collective agency. Our research significantly contributes to the literature on the social and political implications of (climate change) threat, especially by focusing on boundary conditions, namely the perception of collective control in case of complex and large threats
KMT-2023-BLG-0416, KMT-2023-BLG-1454, KMT-2023-BLG-1642 : microlensing planets identified from partially covered signals
No full textims. We investigate the 2023 season data from high-cadence microlensing surveys with the aim of detecting partially covered shortterm signals and revealing their underlying astrophysical origins. Through this analysis, we ascertain that the signals observed in the lensing events KMT-2023-BLG-0416, KMT-2023-BLG-1454, and KMT-2023-BLG-1642 are of planetary origin.
Methods. Considering the potential degeneracy caused by the partial coverage of signals, we thoroughly investigate the lensing-parameter plane. In the case of KMT-2023-BLG-0416, we have identified two solution sets, one with a planet-to-host mass ratio of q ~ 10−2 and the other with q ~ 6 × 10−5, within each of which there are two local solutions emerging due to the inner-outer degeneracy. For KMT-2023-BLG-1454, we discern four local solutions featuring mass ratios of q ~ (1.7−4.3) × 10−3. When it comes to KMT-2023-BLG-1642, we identified two locals with q ~ (6 − 10) × 10−3 resulting from the inner-outer degeneracy.
Results. We estimate the physical lens parameters by conducting Bayesian analyses based on the event time scale and Einstein radius. For KMT-2023-BLG-0416L, the host mass is ~0.6 M⊙, and the planet mass is ~(6.1−6.7) MJ according to one set of solutions and ~0.04 MJ according to the other set of solutions. KMT-2023-BLG-1454Lb has a mass roughly half that of Jupiter, while KMT-2023-BLG-1646Lb has a mass in the range of between 1.1 to 1.3 times that of Jupiter, classifying them both as giant planets orbiting mid M-dwarf host stars with masses ranging from 0.13 to 0.17 solar masses
Fraction of χ c Decays in Prompt J=ψ Production Measured in pPb Collisions at sNN p = 8.16 TeV
No full textRed, blue or mix : choice of optimal light qualities for enhanced plant growth and development through in silico analysis
No full textIn smart greenhouse farming, the impact of light qualities on plant growth and development is crucial but lacks systematic identification of optimal combinations. This study addresses this gap by analysing various light properties' effects (photoperiod, intensity, ratio, light-dark order) on Arabidopsis thaliana growth using days-to-flower (DTF) and hypocotyl length as proxies to measure plant growth and development. After establishing suitable ranges through comprehensive literature review, these properties were varied within those ranges. Compared to white light, a 16-hour cycle of blue light reduces DTF and hypocotyl length by 12% and 3%, respectively. Interestingly, similar results can be achieved using a shorter photoperiod of 14-hour light (composed of 8 hours of a mixture of 66.7 umol/m2/s red and 800 umol/m2/s blue lights (i.e., blue: red ratio of 12:1) followed by 6 hours of monochromatic red light and 10-hour dark. These findings offer potential for efficient growth light recipes in smart greenhouse farming, optimising productivity while minimising energy consumption
Development of screening assays and diagnostic techniques to assess resistance to willow carrot aphid (Cavariella aegopodii) and carrot red leaf virus (CtRLV)
No full textThe willow carrot aphid (Cavariella aegopodii, Scopoli, 1973) is a major pest of carrot, parsnip and celery crops, as well as many wild apiaceous hosts. Overwintering on willow, young aphids migrate to apiaceous plants including crop hosts in May where they cause significant damage including leaf discolouration and distortion. Of greater importance to carrot growers is the transmission of a range of viruses, most notably the carrot red leaf virus (CtRLV), part of the carrot motley dwarf (CMD) complex. CtRLV symptoms include reddening and yellowing of leaves and stunting, resulting in severe crop losses. Chemical control is limited, so new strategies for pest management and sources of host-plant resistance are required. This research set out to develop specific screening methods and diagnostic techniques to identify novel sources of resistance for future disease management. A field trial of 10 carrot accessions, including landrace and elite varieties representing broad carrot phenotypic and genotypic variation, was screened for resistance to C. aegopodii. Total aphid numbers following initial migration were monitored alongside foliage density. A range of aphid numbers was observed across the accessions, suggesting susceptible and resistant genotypes are present within the cultivars screened. Controlled environment assays testing the same carrot accessions also supported the identification of susceptible and resistant cultivars. To assess the CtRLV levels in leaf samples collected from the field trial we have developed molecular diagnostic techniques, include an RT-LAMP assay, and we are currently determining differences in virus load between the carrot accessions. These studies have identified a range of resistant and susceptible carrot lines under controlled environment and field conditions and have developed novel diagnostics techniques for assessing virus load
Evaluation of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae Filipjev as a biological control agent against carrot fly (Psila rosae F.)
No full textEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been utilised in classical, conservation, and augmentative biological control programs. The vast majority of applied research has focused on their potential as inundatively applied augmentative biological control agents. Studies have included the use of EPNs to control the life stages of soil dwelling insect pests. In this study we evaluated the potential for using infective juveniles of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae to control the larvae of carrot fly in carrot crops under field conditions. Although results obtained using the S. feltiae (Entonem™) treatments were not shown to be statistically significant, there is a suggestion that at the higher dose levels i.e., 3 billion IJs ha‑1 S. feltia could provide low levels of carrot fly control. The results from this experiment and the wider implications for using EPNs as biological control agents as part of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies against carrot fly in carrot and other Apiaceae crop production systems will be discussed in this paper
Imaginaries of trauma and victimhood : the role of the ‘China threat’ in Trump’s populism of the privileged
No full text
