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مشروع هور- لافال 1935 وأثره في السياسة البريطانية (دراسة في العلاقات الدولية)
No full textسبق نشوب الحرب العالمية الثانية تبلور بنيان دولي جديد قوامه التكتل القطبي الثنائي بين دول المحور المانيا – ايطاليا – اليابان) ، والحلفاء بريطانيا وفرنسا وانضمت اليهما الولايات المتحدة الامريكية .كانت ايطاليا متحالفة مع فرنسا وبريطانيا في اطار جبهة ( ستريزا) لتعارض مصالحها مع المانيا لاسيما في النمسا ، لكن موقف بريطانيا وفرنسا الملتوي ضد ايطاليا في القضية الحبشية ادى الى تحولها نحو المانيا ،إذ خرجت من جبهة (ستريزا) عام 1936 ووقعت بروتوكول تشرين الاول عام 1936 مع المانيا كما وقعت المانيا مع اليابان الانتيكوفنترن السنة ذاتها.شكل الموقف البريطاني والفرنسي المتخاذل تجاه الاعتداء الايطالي على الحبشة نقطة اساسية في تبدل التكتلات القطبية بين الدول الكبرى انذاك ، فالتزام بريطانيا وفرنسا ظاهريا بعصبة الامم والامن الجماعي والالتزام بالسلام كان نابعا من المصالح البريطانية وكان اهم الدعائم الظاهرية في السياسة البريطانية الا انها وبشكل مباشر سعت الى استرضاء ايطاليا عن طريق التضحية بالحبشة كما في مشروع هور – لافال كما سعت الى استرضاء المانيا بعد عقد الاتفاقية البحرية البريطانية – الالمانية ومؤتمر ميونخ الا ان توجهات السياسة البريطانية باءت بالفشل في تحول وجهة الحرب القادمة تجاه الاتحاد السوفيتي والشرق الامر الذي ادى الى قيام الحرب العالمية الثانية في 3 ايلول 1939 مع الحلفاء بريطانيا وفرنسا
Les techniques rhétoriques efficaces
Get PDFMoliere and Racine use the rhetoric techniques in a suitable way. The rhetoric style in writing these important techniques do not aim to be stylistic only, but it has an indirect persuasion effect. Those two writers try to persuade the audience through the aesthetic and artistic features of their discourses. rhetorical images and figures of speech of these two discourses have not only been artistic or decorative, rather these images and figures of speech are of privileged argumentative and persuasive nature, which is used in the argumentative discourse to persuade others, or have their consent.
القرآن الكريم وتفسير في تراث الإمام علي بن موسى الرضا(عليه السلام)
No full text1ــ إن المجتمع في عصر الإمام الرضا(عليه السلام) وفي ظروفه السياسية وواقعه الاجتماعي وفي عصر الزندقة والإلحاد، كان حريصا على نوع معين من الأسئلة كالتي تتصف بالتجسيم والتشبيه ...الخ، فكان الإمام مستعدا للإجابة عنها لاسيما في تنزيه الباري.2ــ تعد مسألة تنزيه الباري من المسائل المهمة عند الإمام (عليه السلام) ، حيث عالجها في أكثر من موضع وبعدة طرق، كلها تعد من مناهج التفسير،فتارة عالجها بالمنهج الدلالي ، وأخرى بالمنهج العقلي.3ــ لقد عرض الإمام القصص القرآني باسلوب جزل واضح خال من التعقيد، وجاء الحث على الاطلاع على القصص القرآني للاستضاءة بحياة تلك القصص وعبرها وأحداثه
اعتماد سمة الرحمة من شخصية الرسول الأكرم (ص) كمنهج تطبيقي في التربية على أحترام حقوق الإنسان
No full textسمة الرحمة في شخصية رسول الله محمد أبن عبد الله (ص) لها دور في الحياة الاجتماعية للمسلمين وغير المسلمينجزء من تطبيقات حقوق الإنسان في الاسلام يعتمد على رحمة رسول الله محمد أبن عبد الله (ص) وهي برنامج تطبيقي في تعامل المجتمع .ضمنت الشريعة الإسلامية الحقوق للجميع .رسول الله محمد أبن عبد الله (ص) يدعو للابتعاد عن العنف .
Molecular Identification of Entamoeba histolytica Parasite by Using Actin and Amebapore-A Genes
Get PDFAbstractObjective: The present study was conducted in the province of Al- Najaf, for theperiod from April 2013 until November 2013 , which aims to identify the Entamoebahistolytica parasites by screening for Actin and Amebapore – A genes in stoolsamples by using the real-time PCR technique.Methodology: The study included , collect ( 104 ) stool samples from patients withdiarrhea arrivals to Al-Sadar Medical City Hospital ,Al- Zahra Maternity and ChildrenHospital , Al-Manathera hospital and Al-Sajjad Hospital.Results: The results of the real-time PCR revealed , the presence of E. histolyticaparasites in ( (25) stool samples out of the ( 104 ) samples, the rate ( 24%) .Conclusion: In light of the results obtained through this study we concludes that theefficiency of real-time -PCR technique large and rapid in diagnosis of E. histolyticaparasites in stool samples.Recommendation: The study of gene expression of Actin and Amebapore – A genes,specific for E. histolytica parasite.Keywords: Real-Time PCR, Entamoeba histolytica, Actin, Amebapore –
Effect of Zizphus Plant Extract on The Viability of Hydatid Cysts Protoscolecies In Vitro
Get PDFAbstract :Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the effectiveness of the aquatic extract of Ziziphus spina Christi , leafes on the viability of the protoscolecies in the larvae stage of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro.Methodology: Hydatid cysts were collected from the sheep livers in AL-Najaf abattoir and the number of protoscolecies were counting by added (1 ML ) of protoscolecies suspension to (1ML ) of each concentration from plant extract for a different period of time and the percentage of the viability of the protocolices was measured by using the Eosin aqueous stain (0.01 %) .Results: The results of the In vitor . study reveal – ed reducing the mean of protoscolices from 87 to 9 at the sixth day of the experiment with the ( 10 % ) concentration and from 89 to zero at the second day with the(30 %) concentration . the cool aquatic extract while the hot aquatic extract the mean reduced from 87 to zero at fourth day with (10%) concentration and from 85 to zero at first day with (30%) concentration .Conclusion : The extract leaves zizyphus warm and cold aquatic have had a clear impact in reducing of protoscolecies, which is directly proportional to increase concentration and reduce the duration of protoscolecies. Recommendations: a future study using organic solvents such as methanol to extract the active compounds of the plant zizyphus and study its impact on leafes on the viability of the protoscolecies in the larvae stage of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro.Keyword: Ziziphus extract, Hydated cysts, in vitro
تعزيز الاستثمار في رأس المال المعرفي وفق الاحتياجات التدريبية للموارد البشرية في المنظمة دراسة تطبيقية في هيئة الاعمار في محافظة النجف الأشرف
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HLA-DRB1typing among Type I Diabetic Patients and their First Degree relatives in a Comparative Study
No full textAbstract:Background: The genetic susceptibility to IDDM maps to the MHC class II region, thus one approach to investigating the immunopathogenesis of diabetes is to study first degree relatives of affected individuals.KUFA JOURNAL FOR NURSING SCIENCES Vol.5 No.3 Sept. through Dec. 2015-2-Objectives: To detect the inherited relationship between (HLA-DRB1)allels and type one Diabetic mellitus.Material and Method: A case-control study was performed on 90 persons, they divided into three group which are diabetic, siblings and control (30 persons in each group), who attended to Al Zahraa Teaching Hospital /Diabetic Center in Al Kut/Iraq between the period from April; 2012 till April; 2013.data was analyzed by using SPSS 16th version. Distribution of HLA-DRB1 loci among the study groups (type 1 Diabetic patients, Siblings and Control group) were performed using MR.SPOT ROBOTING system, results: results showed that the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {25 (69.4%)} among Diabetic group were Significant (P value = 0.002), in compare to the corresponding frequencies among control group {11 (30.6%)}, in compare to the frequencies of other HLA-DRB1 loci in both Diabetic group and Control group { 15 (34.1%), 29 (65.9%)} respectively. Meanwhile results have showed that there were no Significant (P value = 0.116), in the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {25 (58.1%)} among Diabetic group in compare to the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {18 (41.9%)} among Siblings group, in compare to the frequencies of other HLA-DRB1 loci among Diabetic group and Sibling group {15 (40.5%), 22 (59.5%)} respectively, also results have showed that there were no Significant (P value = 0.104), in the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {18 (62.1%)} among Sibling group in compare to the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {11 (37.9%)} among Control group, in compare to the frequencies of other HLA-DRB1 loci among Sibling group and Control group {22 (43.1%), 29 (56.9%)} respectively .conclusion: In conclusion there were a genetic predisposition of diabetic Siblings for development of Diabetes since, both Diabetic group and Sibling group showing the highest frequencies of HLA-DRB1 *3,*4, in compare to Control group. Recommendation: larger sample group are required to include other allel
Study the Ability of Enterotoxigenic E.coli Antigens To Induce Cellular Immune Response by Erythrocyte-Rosette Formation and Leukocyte Migration Inhibition Factor in Rabbits
Get PDFAbstract:Objectives :This study was aimed to investigate the ability of Enterotoxigenic E.coli and their enterotoxins to induce cellular immune response by means of erythrocyte-rosette formation and leukocyte migration inhibition factor tests.Methods: Total of 30 stool sample was collected from patient with severe diarrhea whom attended to Al-Sadder teaching hospital in Al-Najaf city in period extended from April to June 2013. All bacterial isolates was identified according to morphological and biochemical testes and by API 20 E system, which further conformational tested for heat stable enterotoxin production by Suckling Mice Assay (SMA). three antigens (heat killed bacterial cell, crude enterotoxin and purified heat stable enterotoxin ETECST) was prepared and injected in experimental animals(rabbit) and tested in the level of systemic and mucosa (appendix and duodenum). Statistical analysis was done by least significant difference (LSD).Results: The results showed that 20% (6 isolates) was Enterotoxigenic E.coli and the immune experiments showed significant increase level of E-rosette formation in rabbit injected with heat killed antigen (50.1%, 49.7% and 53.0%) compared with control (23.1%, 31.8% and 29.6%) in blood appendix and duodenum consecutively, while high level appeared in crude enterotoxin and ETECST in appendix (41.3%) and (47.4%) consecutively. The assessment of ETECST LIF in migration percent to sensitizer was showing high significant LIF (54.5%, 47.6% and43.3%) compared with control (82.0%, 79.5% and 79.5%) in blood appendix and duodenum consecutively.Conclusions: crud and partially purified enterotoxins have ability to induce cellular immune response in blood and mucosa.Recommendation: prepare a carrier molecule model for partially purified enterotoxins to make a vaccine against Enterotoxigenic E.coli .Key words: Enterotoxigenic E.coli, crudenterotoxin, partially purified enterotoxins erythrocyte-rosette formation and leukocyte migration inhibition factor
Assessment of Science Teachers' Awareness towards Immunity and Immunization in Primary School at Baghdad City
Get PDFAbstract:Objectives: To assess of Science Teachers' Awareness towards immunity and immunization in Baghdad City Primary Schools Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted, included (100) primary school,(50) in Al Rassafa sector, and (50) in Al Karkh sector, from March 5th 2012 to March 15th 2013, to assess of science teachers' awareness towards immunity and immunization. A cluster sample of (100) Science teachers (males and females) were selected, as one teacher from each school. A questioner format was used for data collection. The validity of questioner was estimated through a penal of experts related to the field of study, and its reliability was estimated through a pilot study conducted in (20) schools is excluded from the original sample which included (20) teachers from April 8th 2012 to April 14th 2012. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: The results of the study indicated that (78%) of sample were female, and (39%) of them their ages were between (30-39) years old, (65%) of them were married, while (21%) of them were single, and (50%) of them were institute graduates. Also the study indicated that (26%) of teachers had (15–19) years of employment in teaching sector. Furthermore, (58 %) of sample had no opportunity to be involved in training courses concerning communicable diseases control. The results of this study indicate that, teachers' awareness was poor (in adequate awareness) towards immunity and immunization against communicable diseases in Baghdad City Primary Schools Conclusion: The study concluded that teachers' awareness towards immunity and immunization in Baghdad primary schools was poor.Recommendations: The study recommends that there is a need for cooperation between the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education on writing a book systematically for primary schools about the nature of the transitional diseases and how to control them through immunity and immunization, and Emphasis on continuous sessions concerning communicable diseases control for teachers in all primary schoolsKeyword: Assessment, Awareness, Communicable diseases, Immunity, Immunization