Kufa Journals System University of Kufa
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ESTIMATION OF SLOPE LENGTH FACTOR (L) AND SLOPE STEEPNESS FACTOR (S) OF RUSLE EQUATION IN THE EUPHRATES RIVER WATERSHED BY GIS MODELING
No full textSpecific effects of topography over any area watershed erosion are estimated through the LS factor as the product of slope length L and slope steepness factor S using RUSLE equation. The LS factor map of Euphrates watershed was derived from the raw Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by using of ArcMap 10.2 software, the DEM images were provided from United State Geological Survey (USGS) website. The DEM were consisting of sixteen images with cell resolution of 30m*30m, the DEM of Euphrates watershed is ranged from -100 m to 466 m, 98.83% of Euphrates basin area of DEM within the range 0 to 457 m. The slope in percentage rise map of Euphrates watershed is required to estimate the LS factor, the most of slope of this study was ranged from zero to five which represent about 93.12% from total area of basin. The LS factor of Euphrates basin is ranged from (0) to (8010.61), 94.25% of Euphrates watershed area have the LS factor of the range from (0) to (1). Furthermore, the LS factor values more than 500 of watershed have a small area, so the factor value can be considered up to 500 and neglect the other large values of LS factor. The LS values more than 3 were identified the lines of Euphrates river, distributary channel, rills, interrill and gully.http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/09030
السُّلّم الحجاجيفيكتابِ الإِمام عليّ() لمالك الأَشتر لمّا ولاّه مصر
No full textالحجاج خطاب لساني تداولي , يعتمد الحجة المنطقية لإقناع الآخرين والتّأثير فيهم بما يعرض عليهم من أطروحات , فهو تفاعل بين طرفي الخطاب , لا يكتفي فيه المرسل بالإخبار فحسب بل يقصد توجيه المحاجَج وجهة معينة في موقف محدد وعليه ركزت التّداولية على علاقات الاتساق والأدوات اللسانية المحققة له .كل الظّروف المحيطة بالخطاب يمكن للمتكلم أن يستثمرها في صورة حجج تقود الى النّتيجة التي يريد إيصالها للمتلقي , وهذه الحجج لا تتعدد فحسب بل إنها تتفاوت في القيمة الحجاجية أيّ في قوتها الدّلالية والتّأثيرية في التّوجه الخطابي للقصد الذي يروم المتكلم الوصول إليه , وأن تعدد الحجج غير المتساوية في الطّاقة التي تؤهلها للوصول الى النّتيجة هو الذي استدعى نظرية السّلم الحجاجي فكانت ظاهرة مميزة استعان بها الإمام علي (B) للتأثير والإقناع وإيصال المقاصد الحجاجيةالتي يريدها في تعاطيه مع قضايا عصره , لدرايته العالية بالخطاب ودواعيه , فكان اختيار هذه المدونة لتكون حقلا لهذه الدّراسة الموسومة ( السّلم الحجاجي في كتاب الإمام عليّ(B) لمالك الأشتر لما ولاّه مصر
Study the Structural Properties of ZnO Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique
No full textIn this research, ZnO nanostructure films were prepared using pulsed laser deposition method on glass substrates ina room temperature. The ZnO nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy (XRD, AFM). Thegrownthin films have a polycrystalline wurtzite structure, it can be seen that the highest texture coefficient was inplane (101), with grain sizes between (41nm-65nm), morphology of the film wasstudied and showed that the average root mean squareincreases with the thickness of the films, with RMS between (197nm-206nm).http://dx.doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/10020
Study the Structural and Optical Properties of CuO Thin films Prepared by d.c Magnetron Sputtering
No full textIn this research (CuO) films were prepared onto glass substrate of glass using plasma magnetron sputtering technique. The results of XRD showed that the thin films had a polycrystalline structure with monoclinic lattice unit cell. The roughness of the prepared films were identified by atomic force microscope (AFM), where the results showed that the roughness increased from (0.386-4.22)nm with increasing the thickness from(95-316)nm. Optical properties of the prepared films of (335-1135) nm showed that the absorption of the films decreased with increasing of wavelength for all thicknesses, optical energy gap for the prepared films decreased from (3.15-2.8)eV with increasing thickness from (95-316)nm.http://dx.doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/10020
Cancellation as Clarification or Contradiction: A Pragmatic Study of Verses from the Holy Quran
No full textThe duality of ‘meaning’ and ‘saying’ in the question: “Do you mean what you say?” can be inferred according to the speaker/hearer duality. It may apparently reflect some views: a hearer who is not sure of what the speaker really means by what s/he says, a speaker who may not say what s/he means, or speaker who does not mean what s/he says. Hence, there is no concordance between what is said and what is meant. This consequently shows a distinction between an explicit and implicit meaning of the utterance. What is actually said and what is really implied is investigated by semantics and pragmatics respectively and even to use both disciplines to find out the distinguishing features. However, that question gives rise to still a number of problems in understanding and dealing with these two notions of such a conversational phenomenon
أسوار مدينة النجف ومراحل تطورها (دراسة ميدانية)
No full textأول شيء صنعه الإنسان القديم لحماية وتحصين نفسه قام ببناء الجدران من حوله. وأول شيء صنعته المدينة لحماية نفسها بنت الأسوار من حولها , من هنا أصبح للأمن والأمان دور أساسي في نشو المجتمع حتى جاءت دعوة أبي الأنبياء إبراهيم(ع) ((رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَٰذَا بَلَدًا آمِنًا وَارْزُقْ أَهْلَهُ مِنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ)) – سورة البقرة/126, لتؤكد على أهمية الأمن إذ سبق الدعاء بالأمان دعوة طلب الرزق. ومدينة النجف من المدن التي بنيت الأسوار من حولها وقد ارتبطت أسوار مدينة النجف ارتباط وثيق بحياة المدينة وأهلها وكان لها (الأسوار) دور كبير ومهم في تاريخ مدينة النجف, لذلك أثرنا على دراستها والوقوف على مراحل تطورها ومحاولة فهم تخطيطها والعناصر العمارية معتمدين في ذلك على ما جاء من ذكرها في كتب الرحالة والمؤرخين وكذلك على ما قمنا به من دراسة ميدانية لما تبقى منها, ولهذا اقتضت طبيعة البحث تقسمه إلى ثلاثة فصول شمل الفصل الأول السور في اللغة والاصطلاح وكذلك نشأة الأسوار وتطورها في التأريخ وكذلك ضوء على نشأة اسوار النجف, أما الفصل الثاني فقد شمل مراحل تطور أسوار مدينة النجف, وجاء الفصل الثالث ( دراسة ميدانية ) تخطيط الجزء المتبقي من السور و دراسة العناصر العمارية للأسوار ومن ثم الخاتمة
IDENTIFICATION, FUZZY CONTROLLER FOR ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINE SERVO SYSTEM
No full textThis paper utilizes a system identification to model EDM using Arduino and fuzzy controller. System identification is a useful tool for identifying the model depending on the input and output data of the controller. However, derivation of modeling process from first principles is often difficult due to its complexity. The proposed method is used for identifying the mathematical model of EDM from the real time experimental data from gather data from the systemy feeding the DC motor sine sweep or white noise inputs. The model identification of EDM servo system was conducted by using MATLAB/Simulink program and after that the obtained transfer function for the system. The proposed controller has been applied by using FLC .The results showed that the controller can work well with a quick response, no overshoot output and high control precision.http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/09040
Water supplysystemduring theSassanid dynastyand Islamicera of Arjan City
No full textSouthwesternparts of Farsprovince, officially entitled Argan (Arjan), received attention of the dominant governments inSassanid dynastyand from the early centuries to mid-centuries oftheIslamicera due to its privileged naturaland geographical situation. The central city of this well-known province was called Argan or Arjan. The most importantfactor forthe prosperity ofthis city was thepropercommunication status, as well as the naturaltalents available there such asTabRiverwhichflewthroughthecity. The founders of the city used indoorandundergroundcanal system to utilize the water of the aforementioned river for household andagricultural consumptions. Historical and geographicalsources have briefly described this water supply system andirrigationsystem. Seriousarchaeological studieshave not been conductedin this area. Fieldsurveys conducted within the city and surrounding areashas shown that the consumption of thewater of Tab River has been done by means of the famous dam of Argan. In addition, the water required for the surrounding orchards and gardens had been running from behind the dam towards the city via numerous channels like Qanats. This method led to the prosperity and cultivation of the agricultural economy and also welfare of thecitizensin hot seasons of the year. The above-mentioned irrigation and water supplysystemswere greatly used until thecompletedestructionof the city. After the destruction ofArgan dam, the channels became out of Fashion andnew systemsreplacedthepreviousmethods
Effect of iron status on fertility of woman in relation with certain hormones and other parameters
No full text Seventy six subfertile women and thirty fertile women (control group) enrolled in this study. The subfertile women subdivided into two subgroups according to the cause of subfertility: first group ovarian dysfunction (OD) either due to polycystic ovary syndrom (PCOS) or due to other cause (OC) likes anovulation, hyperprolactenemia, premature ovarian failure. Second group: unexplained infertility, their age range (16-40) yr. At day 3 of menstrual cycle (MC) estimation of serum level of multiple hormones like luteinized (LH), follicle stimulating (FSH), estradiole (E2), prolactin (PRL), testosterone, iron status (serum iron, serum ferrtin and total iron binding capacity TIBC) , while at day 13 of MC, estimation of serum levels of LH, serum leptin, glutathione, iron status .Comparison of iron status between fertile and subfertile women at day 13 of MC revealed significant increase in serum ferritin level in women with PCOS. Assessment the serum levels of certain hormones in fertile and subfertile women in those having serum ferritin level less than normal value at day 3 of MC show the following: significantly higher serum testosterone level in PCOS group, also significantly higher serum prolactine level in group of OD due to O.C. as compared with fertile group. Assessment the serum levels of certain hormones in fertile and subfertile women in those having serum ferritin level higher than normal value at day 3 of MC show significantly higher serum prolactine level in group of OD due to O.C. as compared with fertile group. Assessment the serum levels of certain hormones in those having serum ferritin level less than normal value at day 13 of MC, shows significant decrease in LH in women with OD due to O.C. as compared with fertile group.Conclusions: It was concluded that the decrease in serum ferritin levels in the blood may be associated directly or indirectly with subfertility caused by ovarian dysfunctio
الاستشهاد بالحديث النبوي الشريف بين اللحن والرواية بالمعني
No full textإن مصادر النحو في اللغة العربية التي اعتمدها العلماء في تقعيدهم للقواعد العربية تتمثل بالقرآن الكريم، والحديث الشريف، وكلام العرب شعراً ونثراً، وقد اعتمدوا في ذلك على النقل والسماع، واستقراء هذه المصادر بدقة وعناية. ولم يختلف احد في الإستشهاد بالقرآن الكريم الذي نُقل متواتراً مابين الصدور والسطور، وقد وضعوا قيوداً محددة لصحة الإستشهاد بكلام العرب، وأخذوا بعناية كاملة كلام بعض القبائل العربية دون غيرها وضمن زمان محدد، فهم وضعوا قيوداً مكانية وزمانية للأخذ عن العرب الفصحاء. والإختلاف إنما وقع في قضية الإستشهاد بالحديث الشريف، وليس هناك شك في أن النبي الكريم (7) كان افصح العرب قاطبة، وإن الأولي للعلماء اعتماد حديثه مصدراً للتقعيد بعد القرآن الكريم، ولكن الإختلاف إنما عندما ادعي بعض العلماء أن كثير من الحديث قد روي بالمعني، وإن بعض الرواة كان يلحن في روايته، وأن العلماء الأوائل لم يستشهدوا بالحديث الشريف في مصنفاتهم أو ما نُقل عنهم؛ وبناءاً على ذلك منعوا الاستشهاد به. وعارضهم جماعة من المتأخرين بجواز الإستشهاد مطلقاً، وفريق آخر آثر أن يكون وسطياً في ذلك بين المنع والجواز. وقد ناقشنا في هذه المقالة هذا الموضوع من جهة الرواية بالمعني واللحن في الرواية والتركيز على هذين الجانبين لأنهما مصدر الإختلاف بين المستشهدين والمانعين في هذه القضية. مع ترجيح المذهب الذي يمكن الاعتماد عليه حسب الأدلة والبراهين الصحيحة