7850 research outputs found
Sort by
1.15 Sub-lethal effects at stake: Does the acaricide Coumaphos and fungicide Folpet affect the hypopharyngeal glands size?
Get PDFBackground: Pesticides are increasingly suspected to be involved at a global scale in honey bee decline. Most studies focuses on acute effects on mortality, whereas sub-lethal effects are poorly understood. Hypophryngeal glands (HPG), producing royal jelly to feed brood, are established marker to assess sub-lethal effects of pesticides where for example the size of the acini can be measured. The size of the later depends of different natural factors: the age of the bee and the type of task performed by the bee. The HPG are the best developed at the age of 10 days by nursing bees. Regarding the data requirements of the new EFSA bee guidance document and the recently developed OECD larva test 237 and 239 a data GAP regarding residues of PSM in the produced Royal Jelly by pesticide exposed bees which might have an adverse impact on larva development from day 1 to day 3 is recognized. Method: The effects on the commonly and widely used varroacide coumaphos in hives and the fungicide folpet in agriculture are currently unknown. Here we measured the size of the acini of new emerged bees treated with field realistic and non-realistic doses of both substances dissolved in pollen patties fed ad libitum for nine days (N=3 cages with 20 bees in each group) and in small encaged colonies without queens. An untreated and acetone control were established. The effects of the pesticides on workers and residues in gelee royal were tested with and without brood to take into consideration variations according to the tasks performed by the bees due to labor division. . After staining HPG activity was measured as a proxy via acini size. The results will be discussed. Results: Our results may help to improve knowledge in the development and validation of methods to evaluate the risk of bees exposed to pesticides for plant protection product authorization in an appropriate and comparable way which could be consequently implemented in standardized ring-test.Background: Pesticides are increasingly suspected to be involved at a global scale in honey bee decline. Most studies focuses on acute effects on mortality, whereas sub-lethal effects are poorly understood. Hypophryngeal glands (HPG), producing royal jelly to feed brood, are established marker to assess sub-lethal effects of pesticides where for example the size of the acini can be measured. The size of the later depends of different natural factors: the age of the bee and the type of task performed by the bee. The HPG are the best developed at the age of 10 days by nursing bees. Regarding the data requirements of the new EFSA bee guidance document and the recently developed OECD larva test 237 and 239 a data GAP regarding residues of PSM in the produced Royal Jelly by pesticide exposed bees which might have an adverse impact on larva development from day 1 to day 3 is recognized. Method: The effects on the commonly and widely used varroacide coumaphos in hives and the fungicide folpet in agriculture are currently unknown. Here we measured the size of the acini of new emerged bees treated with field realistic and non-realistic doses of both substances dissolved in pollen patties fed ad libitum for nine days (N=3 cages with 20 bees in each group) and in small encaged colonies without queens. An untreated and acetone control were established. The effects of the pesticides on workers and residues in gelee royal were tested with and without brood to take into consideration variations according to the tasks performed by the bees due to labor division. . After staining HPG activity was measured as a proxy via acini size. The results will be discussed. Results: Our results may help to improve knowledge in the development and validation of methods to evaluate the risk of bees exposed to pesticides for plant protection product authorization in an appropriate and comparable way which could be consequently implemented in standardized ring-test
1.22 Weight differences of honey bees after administration of sublethal doses of dimethoate
Get PDFBackground: The aim of this work was to assess honey bee body weight as a possible further parameter to detect effects in a 10 day chronic feeding study according to OECD 2451 following exposure to sublethal concentrations of a plant protection product (i.e. dimethoate). This investigation is based on the assumption that weight differences might be caused by chronic feeding of dimethoate. Two set of tests in two different laboratories (Lab 1 and Lab 2) were conducted in order to investigate possible weight changes of complete adult honey bees and/or parts of their body (honey stomach and intestine) following treatment of dimethoate. Bees were weighed before and after chronic feeding of sub-lethal concentrations of dimethoate. Results: Differences in the number of bees which lost weight following treatment of sublethal concentrations of dimethoate was found in Lab 1, but could not confirmed in Lab 2. The difference in weight between the control group and the dimethoate treatment could only be detected as a statistical significant difference in one lab at the highest concentration (0.4 mg/kg). Assessment of weight changes of parts of the bee body (honey stomach and intestine) shows a very high variation (CV) which makes interpretation of the data of the total body weight questionable. Conclusion: The results of the two laboratories were contradictory and no conclusive assessment can be done following the two sets of experiments. Assessment of bee body weight within a 10-day chronic feeding study is considered questionable for the detection of sublethal effects. Further work with other active ingredients is needed to clarify if body weight change of honey bees can be used as a parameter for sublethal effects.Background: The aim of this work was to assess honey bee body weight as a possible further parameter to detect effects in a 10 day chronic feeding study according to OECD 2451 following exposure to sublethal concentrations of a plant protection product (i.e. dimethoate). This investigation is based on the assumption that weight differences might be caused by chronic feeding of dimethoate. Two set of tests in two different laboratories (Lab 1 and Lab 2) were conducted in order to investigate possible weight changes of complete adult honey bees and/or parts of their body (honey stomach and intestine) following treatment of dimethoate. Bees were weighed before and after chronic feeding of sub-lethal concentrations of dimethoate. Results: Differences in the number of bees which lost weight following treatment of sublethal concentrations of dimethoate was found in Lab 1, but could not confirmed in Lab 2. The difference in weight between the control group and the dimethoate treatment could only be detected as a statistical significant difference in one lab at the highest concentration (0.4 mg/kg). Assessment of weight changes of parts of the bee body (honey stomach and intestine) shows a very high variation (CV) which makes interpretation of the data of the total body weight questionable. Conclusion: The results of the two laboratories were contradictory and no conclusive assessment can be done following the two sets of experiments. Assessment of bee body weight within a 10-day chronic feeding study is considered questionable for the detection of sublethal effects. Further work with other active ingredients is needed to clarify if body weight change of honey bees can be used as a parameter for sublethal effects
2.3 From field to food – Will pesticide contaminated pollen diet lead to a contamination of larval food?
Get PDF
4.10 A review of available bumble bee colony end-points and identification of current knowledge gaps
Get PDF4.14 Developing methods for field experiments using commercially reared bumblebee colonies – initial colony strength and experimental duration as influential factors
Get PDFSemi-field and field experiments with commercially used bumblebees (e.g. Bombus terrestris) gain more and more importance for both ecological studies and trials on potential side effects of plant protection products. However, standardized, replicable experimental methods are lacking so far and need further development. For example, initial strength of bumblebee colonies may vary across experiments but may be a key factor in successful colony development under field conditions. Trial duration and termination may impact results on total reproductive output (e.g. number of newly produced queens). In this study commercially reared bumblebee colonies of different initial strengths (number of worker bees) were placed along the field margin of each of six field sites. Each site was nested within one of two seasons and planted with one of two arable crops (Brassica napus and Phacelia tanacetifolia). Each colony was spaced approx. 50 m apart from the next colony, and its development was monitored once a week. While the development of half of the colonies was terminated at the first sighting of newly emerging queens within the nesting area, the other half of the colonies was left to develop further until the end of their natural colony cycle. Newly emerging queens were kept within the colonies using queen excluders. Colonies of different initial strengths showed very similar developmental patterns with medium and large colonies peaking slightly earlier than small colonies. Results may help to develop optimal parameters for standardized field tests.Semi-field and field experiments with commercially used bumblebees (e.g. Bombus terrestris) gain more and more importance for both ecological studies and trials on potential side effects of plant protection products. However, standardized, replicable experimental methods are lacking so far and need further development. For example, initial strength of bumblebee colonies may vary across experiments but may be a key factor in successful colony development under field conditions. Trial duration and termination may impact results on total reproductive output (e.g. number of newly produced queens). In this study commercially reared bumblebee colonies of different initial strengths (number of worker bees) were placed along the field margin of each of six field sites. Each site was nested within one of two seasons and planted with one of two arable crops (Brassica napus and Phacelia tanacetifolia). Each colony was spaced approx. 50 m apart from the next colony, and its development was monitored once a week. While the development of half of the colonies was terminated at the first sighting of newly emerging queens within the nesting area, the other half of the colonies was left to develop further until the end of their natural colony cycle. Newly emerging queens were kept within the colonies using queen excluders. Colonies of different initial strengths showed very similar developmental patterns with medium and large colonies peaking slightly earlier than small colonies. Results may help to develop optimal parameters for standardized field tests
Phylogeography - Session 2
Get PDFEthiopian rodents - extremely diverse, endemic and endangered Josef Bryja,, Yonas Meheretu, Radim Šumbera, Ondřej Mikula, Leonid A. Lavrenchenko
Biogeography of small mammals in south-western Angola: the first genetic evidence Jarmila Krásová, Ondřej Mikula,, Josef Bryja,, Ninda Baptista, Radim Šumbera
Comparative phylogeography of the Mongolian region based on its mammals Tereza Holicová, Hermann Ansorge, Davaa Lkhagvasure, Jan Robovský
Genetic structure and origin of remnant red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris L.) populations in the south of England Emilie Hardouin
Collagen fingerprinting of Late Pleistocene rodents Jeremy Herman, Michael Buckley, Muxin Gu, Juho-Antti Junno, Christiane Denys, Andrew ChamberlainEthiopian rodents - extremely diverse, endemic and endangered Josef Bryja,, Yonas Meheretu, Radim Šumbera, Ondřej Mikula, Leonid A. Lavrenchenko
Biogeography of small mammals in south-western Angola: the first genetic evidence Jarmila Krásová, Ondřej Mikula,, Josef Bryja,, Ninda Baptista, Radim Šumbera
Comparative phylogeography of the Mongolian region based on its mammals Tereza Holicová, Hermann Ansorge, Davaa Lkhagvasure, Jan Robovský
Genetic structure and origin of remnant red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris L.) populations in the south of England Emilie Hardouin
Collagen fingerprinting of Late Pleistocene rodents Jeremy Herman, Michael Buckley, Muxin Gu, Juho-Antti Junno, Christiane Denys, Andrew Chamberlai
Sektion 20 Wirt-Parasit-Interaktionen
Get PDF20-1 - Interaktoren und Aktivitätsregulierung des Anfälligkeitsfaktors RACB während der Interaktion zwischen Gerste und dem Echten Gersten-Mehltaupilz Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordeiLukas Weiß, Julia Mergner, Bernhard Küster, Götz Hensel, Jochen Kumlehn, Tina Reiner, Attila Fehér, Stefan Engelhardt, Ralph Hückelhoven
20-2 - Untersuchungen von Gen- und Enzymaktivitäten und deren Einfluss auf die spektrale Reflexion während unterschiedlicher Gerste-Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei InteraktionenMatheus Thomas Kuska, Jan Behmann, Mahsa Namini, Dominik Großkinsky, Thomas Roitsch, Ulrike Steiner, Erich-Christian Oerke, Anne-Katrin Mahlein
20-3 - Funktionelle Charakterisierung der Galactosestoffwechsel-Gene UGE1 und UGM1 im Maispathogen Colletotrichum graminicolaMaximilian Groß, Iris Gase, Beate Dika, Elisabeth Loos, Yong-Chull Jeun, Jorrit-Jan Krijger, Holger B. Deising
20-5 - Differenzierung der Interaktion von Verticillium longisporum Lineage A1/D1 (aggressiv) und Lineage A1/D2 (apathogen) an Wurzeln und im Gefäßsystem von B. napusMarta Vega Marín, Leonard Sundermann, Andreas von Tiedemann
20-6 - Differenzielle Rolle der Salicylsäure bei der basalen und kultivarspezifischen Resistenz von Raps (Brassica napus L.) gegen Verticillium longisporumXiaorong Zheng, Birger Koopmann, Andreas von Tiedemann
20-8 - Morphologische und molekulare Charakterisierung europäischer Arten des Diaporthe/ Phomopsis Komplexes, die mit Soybean Seed Decay assoziiert sindBehnoush Hosseini, Abbas El-Hasan, Ralf T. Vögele20-1 - Interaction partners and regulation of the susceptibility factor RACB in the interaction between barley and the barley powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordeiLukas Weiß, Julia Mergner, Bernhard Küster, Götz Hensel, Jochen Kumlehn, Tina Reiner, Attila Fehér, Stefan Engelhardt, Ralph Hückelhoven
20-2 - Investigation of gene and enzyme activity and their influence on spectral reflectance during different barley-Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei interactionsMatheus Thomas Kuska, Jan Behmann, Mahsa Namini, Dominik Großkinsky, Thomas Roitsch, Ulrike Steiner, Erich-Christian Oerke, Anne-Katrin Mahlein
20-3 - Functional characterisation of the galactose metabolism genes UGE1 and UGM1 in the maize pathogen Colletotrichum graminicolaMaximilian Groß, Iris Gase, Beate Dika, Elisabeth Loos, Yong-Chull Jeun, Jorrit-Jan Krijger, Holger B. Deising
20-5 - Differentiation of the interaction of the Verticillium longisporum Lineage A1/D1 (aggressive) and Lineage A1/D2 (apathogenic) at the root and vascular system of B. napusMarta Vega Marín, Leonard Sundermann, Andreas von Tiedemann
20-6 - Differential role of salicylic acid in basal and cultivar-related resistance of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) to Verticillium longisporumXiaorong Zheng, Birger Koopmann, Andreas von Tiedemann
20-8 - Morphological and molecular characterization of European species of the Diaporthe/Phomopsis complex associated with Soybean Seed DecayBehnoush Hosseini, Abbas El-Hasan, Ralf T. Vögel
Sektion 28 Biologischer Pflanzenschutz IV
Get PDF28-1 - Biologie und Phänologie eines Europäischen Eiparasitoiden der Marmorierten Baumwanze (Halyomorpha halys)Judith Stahl, Dirk Babendreier, Tim Haye
28-2 - Physiko- und biochemische Vorgänge in Attract-and-Kill-Formulierungen zur biologischen Bekämpfung von DrahtwürmernKatharina Hermann, Pascal Humbert, Anant Patel
28-3 - Optimierung einer Attract & Kill-Strategie gegen Drahtwürmer im KartoffelanbauSebastian Laurenz, Anant Patel, Wilhelm Beitzen-Heineke, Stefan Vidal
28-4 - Entwicklung von Attract-and-Kill Formulierungen auf Basis von coverkapselter Bäckerhefe und Neem-ExtraktPascal Humbert, Mario Schumann, Frauke Mävers, Stefan Vidal, Wilhelm Beitzen-Heineke, Anant Patel
28-5 - Drahtwurmbekämpfung mit Nematoden - ist sie artabhängig?Jörn Lehmhus, Hayder Abdelgader
28-6 - Interaktion zwischen der Drahtwurmart Agriotes obscurus und einer neuen Metarhizium-Formulierung (AgriMet)Maximilian Paluch, Jörn Lehmhus
28-7 - Erarbeitung einer biologischen Bekämpfungsmethode gegen Kiefernspinner (Dendrolimus pini L.) bei hubschraubergestützter Applikation von Nematoden - NemKisInes Graw
28-8 - Optisch modifizierte Mulchfolien zur Reduktion des Zufluges geflügelter Insekten im Freilandanbau in den Modellkulturen Brassica oleracera und Lactuca sativaJan-Uwe Niemann28-1 - Biology and phenology of a European egg parasitoid of the brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys)Judith Stahl, Dirk Babendreier, Tim Haye
28-2 - Physiochemical and chemical processes in attract-and-kill formulations for biological pest control of wirewormsKatharina Hermann, Pascal Humbert, Anant Patel
28-3 - Optimization of an Attract & Kill strategy against wireworms in potato productionSebastian Laurenz, Anant Patel, Wilhelm Beitzen-Heineke, Stefan Vidal
28-4 - Development of attract-and-kill formulations based on co-encapsulated baker\u27s yeast and neem extractPascal Humbert, Mario Schumann, Frauke Mävers, Stefan Vidal, Wilhelm Beitzen-Heineke, Anant Patel
28-5 - Wireworm control through nematodes- is it species specific?Jörn Lehmhus, Hayder Abdelgader
28-6 - Interaction between the wireworm species Agriotes obscurus and a new Metarhizium formulationMaximilian Paluch, Jörn Lehmhus
28-7 - Development of Biological Control Measures against the Pine Lappet Moth (Dendrolimus pini L.) with Nematodes via Helicopter based Application.Ines Graw
28-8 - Optically modified mulch films to reduce the influx of winged insects in outdoor cultivation in the model cultures Brassica oleracera and Lactuca sativaJan-Uwe Nieman
Sektion 35 Rechtliche und andere Rahmenbediingungen für den Pflanzenschutz II
Get PDF35-1 - Innovationshemmnisse im Zulassungsverfahren für PflanzenschutzmittelRegina Fischer
35-2 - Keine Innovation im chemischen Pflanzenschutz ohne angemessene Versuchsanforderungen und ausreichenden VerwertungsschutzVolker Kaus
35-3 - Art. 36 Abs. 3 VO 1107/2009 im Zusammenhang mit Fragen der BiodiversitätOrtrud Kracht
35-4 - Transparenz von StudiendatenNiklas Pieper
35-5 - Glyphosat – Phase II nach Erteilung der erneuten Wirkstoffgenehmigung in der EU – Artikel 43: Erneuerung der ZulassungHolger Ophoff, Thoralf Küchler
35-6 - Juristische Abgrenzungsfragen in der Produktgruppe der BiostimulantienKathrin Draaken
35-7 - Aktueller Stand der Umsetzung der Nationalen Aktionspläne zur nachhaltigen Verwendung von Pestiziden – Ergebnisse der Sondierungsbesuche in sechs EU MitgliedsstaatenSilke Dachbrodt-Saaydeh
35-8 - Stand der Umsetzung der Ziele im Nationalen Aktionsplan zur nachhaltigen Anwendung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln für den Bereich LückenindikationenFranziska Waldow, Mario Wick35-1 - Innovation blockers in the authorisation procedure for plant protection productsRegina Fischer
35-2 - No innovation in the chemical plant protection area without reasonable experiments or tests or development purposes and sufficient data protectionVolker Kaus
35-3 - Art. 36 para 3 Regulation 1107/2009 in relation to biodiversity issuesOrtrud Kracht
35-4 - Transparency of study dataNiklas Pieper
35-5 - Glyphosate – phase II after renewal of the active ingredient within the EU-Article 43 renewal of authorisationHolger Ophoff, Thoralf Küchler
35-6 - Legal definition issues in the product group of biostimulantsKathrin Draaken
35-7 - Current state of the implementation of National Action Plans for the sustainable use of pesticides - Results of fact-finding missions in six EU Member StatesSilke Dachbrodt-Saaydeh
35-8 - Current state of implementation of objectives in the National Action Plan on Sustainable Use of Plant Protection Products concerning minor usesFranziska Waldow, Mario Wic