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Four examples demonstrating the impact of Applied Botany on plant-based industrial processes
Get PDFCurrently, many producers of plant-derived commodities indicate a scarcity of associates whose skills cover the entire field of plant biology and who bolster industrial research by linking it to basic plant biology. This scarcity is of particular concern to small and medium sized companies.To illustrate the benefit of appropriate mediation between basic science and product-oriented research, four innovative examples of collaborative research are presented here. The examples cover a broad range of economically relevant issues, including green coffee processing, malting, production of spice and medicinal plants, and prevention of contamination with toxic natural products, such as nicotine or pyrrolizidine alkaloids. These examples illustrate that Applied Botany has the potential to improve even well-established production processes.This article argues that innovative product-oriented research must focus on the relevant physiological processes occurring in the plants. In particular, the impact of cultivation and post-harvest processes on related metabolic processes should be considered, rather than placing continued focus on physical parameters or on economic aspects. In order to achieve practical and feasible solutions that also meet economic demands, interdisciplinary and cross-functional approaches between partners are essential
Composition of essential oil of leaves and fruits of green strawberry (Fragaria viridis Weston) growing wild in Northern Kazakhstan
Get PDFFragaria viridis Weston essential oils from leaves and fruits were obtained by hydrodistillation. The composition of the essential oil from leaves and fruits was analyzed by GC-MS. 39 components were identified in leaves oil representing 67.3-80.7% of the oil composition. The main components of the essential oil from leaves of F. viridis Weston were β-linalool (0.8-8.9%), n-nonanal (0.5-8.6%), tetradecanal (2.1-5.9%), nerolidol (2.1-4.8%), an unidentified component (1.9-6.6%), α-bisabolol (0.8-6.7%), phytol (18.4-47.4%), an unidentified component (0.9-8.2%) depending on the growth conditions. The fruit oil was composed of 34 compounds representing 42.0-70.7% of the total composition of the oil. The main components of the essential oil from fruits of F. viridis Weston were m/p-xylene (2.4-14.0%), isoledene (4.7-8.5%), methyleugenol (3.3-8.4%), α-cedrene (2.5-3.9%), an unidentified component (3.4-9.1%), α-muurolene (6.8-11.3%), nerolidol (1.1-4.8%), α-cedrol (1.7-8.0%), α-bisabolol (2.3-5.0%), an unidentified component (0-25.6%) depending on the growth conditions. This is the first report of the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the leaves and fruits of green strawberry (Fragaria viridis Weston)
Effect of species and seedtime on growth,development and yield of blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius)
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Transcriptome-based mapping of anthracnose resistance gene (Llur) in yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus)
Get PDFResponse surface methodology: An optimal design applied for maximum ultrasound-assisted extraction efficiency of phenolic acids from Coriandrum sativum L.: Phenolic composition of coriander fruit
No full textIn this study, a combined three-factors-three-level Box-Behnken design with a response surface methodology was used to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction of bound phenolic acids from coriander fruits. Temperature (X1, 20-60 °C), sonication time (X2, 15-45 min) and NaOH concentration (X3, 2-4 M) were studied as independent variables in order to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. For this purpose, a two-step analytical procedure was applied: first, alkaline hydrolysis and extraction under the influence of ultrasound was performed followed by a clean-up step using solid-phase extraction method. After derivatisation, the extracted phenolic acids were analysed using GC-MS. The interrelationship between the dependent and operational variables were well fitted (R2 >0.90) to the quadratic term models. The results obtained in this study confirmed that studied factors had a significant influence on phenolic acids extraction recovery. In favour of maximum extraction yields, the following experimental conditions are suggested: a sonication time of 17.4 min at 35.3°C and with a NaOH concentration of 2.02 M. These results can be utilized for further isolation of active phenolic compounds from other parts of coriander plant as well as for phenolic acids study over various plant materials from the Apiaceae family
Forschungsprojekt ‚ProgRAMM‘ (Proaktive pflanzengesundheitliche Risikoanalyse durch Modellierung und Monitoring: Anpassung an langfristige Risiken durch klimasensitive Schadorganismen) im Januar 2019 offiziell gestartet
Get PDFFirst report of Botrytis aclada as a new causal agent of Botrytis Brown Stain on Onion (Allium cepa)
Get PDFDie Kaffeefleckenkrankheit stellt einen kosmetischen Schaden an Speisezwiebeln dar und führt bei starkem Befall dazu, dass die Bulben nicht mehr marktfähig sind. Als Erreger der genannten Krankheit sind neben B. cinerea auch B. allii und B. squamosa bekannt. Vier weitere Botrytis-Arten (B. aclada, B. byssoidea, B. porri und B. tulipae) wurden hinsichtlich ihres Potenzials zur Verursachung der Kaffeefleckenkrankheit an sechs Zwiebelsorten getestet. B. aclada verursachte als einzige der getesteten Arten Symptome der Kaffeefleckenkrankheit, wobei sich diese auf allen sechs Sorten entwickelten. Der Pilz konnte von allen symptomatischen Bulben aus dem verfärbten Gewebe reisoliert werden. Dies ist der erste Nachweis von B. aclada als weiterer Erreger der Kaffeefleckenkrankheit an Speisezwiebel.Botrytis Brown Stain on onion normally appears as a superficial, dark-brown discoloration of the dry scales of onion bulbs, which are not marketable if strongly infested. Four further Botrytis species associated with diseases of onion (B. aclada, B. byssoidea, B. porri, and B. tulipae) were tested for producing the disorder on six onion varieties. Only B. aclada was capable of causing brown stain, whereby all varieties developed symptoms of the disorder. The fungus was reisolated from the coloured tissue of all symptomatic bulbs. This is the first report of B. aclada as a causal agent of Botrytis Brown Stain on onion