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Exploring the Impact of a History of Depression on Physical Activity in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), 2022
Get PDFObjective: To determine the association between a history of depression and engagement in physical activity among U.S. adults.
Method: Data were from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey (N=441,348). Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed to determine the distribution of sample characteristics and crude prevalence odds ratios. Weighted multivariate logistic regression stratified by age group assessed the relationship between physical activity engagement and covariates.
Results: In our sample, 20.63% had a history of depression, and 23.89% of adults reported not exercising within the past 30 days. Adults with a history of depression had 1.42 times the odds of being physically inactive compared to those without a history of depression. Individuals within the 55-64 age group had higher odds of being physically inactive (POR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.55).
Conclusions: The association between a history of depression and physical inactivity tends to increase with age. This finding highlights the need for public health interventions to improve physical activity among individuals with depressive disorders to promote healthy lifestyles and overall well-being
Understanding the Role of Malondialdehyde-Acetaldehyde Adducts (MAA) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Get PDFInflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) comprises autoimmune diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that greatly reduce the quality of life of patients and currently afflict up to 200 individuals per 100,000 Americans. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD), the two principal diseases comprising IBD, share symptoms and risk factors, however, precise etiology remains unclear. The diagnostics and clinical management of IBD have progressed greatly in recent years especially due to immune modulating therapies and biologics, however, IBD and its specific forms are still difficult to diagnose and cannot be cured with current treatments. The overarching mechanisms of IBD pathogenesis are known to include dysregulation of the gut barrier, the gut microbiome, and inflammatory cytokine pathways, however, the methods by which specific cells, proteins, and signals interact to drive IBD development remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to understand the role of Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts (MAA), a biomarker of IBD, on the disease process. Results using exogenous administration of anti-MAA IgG in a murine model of infection-induced colitis were not conclusive. However, studies where cultured intestinal epithelial cells were exposed to MAA antigen showed dysregulations of the tight junction and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins. In further studies using a murine model of colitis and recovery, exogenous administration of MAA antigen inhibited colitis-induced tissue damage and promoted recovery. Overall, these studies suggested a causal association between MAA and ulcerative colitis, however, further in-depth studies are needed for delineation of the precise role MAA plays in IBD
Nanoscale Interaction of Endonuclease APE1 with DNA
Get PDFApurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is involved in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation mechanisms. This multifunctional activity of APE1 should be supported by specific structural properties of APE1 that have not yet been elucidated. Herein, we applied atomic force microscopy (AFM) to characterize the interactions of APE1 with DNA containing two well-separated G-rich segments. Complexes of APE1 with DNA containing G-rich segments were visualized, and analysis of the complexes revealed the affinity of APE1 to G-rich DNA sequences, and their yield was as high as 53%. Furthermore, APE1 is capable of binding two DNA segments leading to the formation of loops in the DNA-APE1 complexes. The analysis of looped APE1-DNA complexes revealed that APE1 can bridge G-rich segments of DNA. The yield of loops bridging two G-rich DNA segments was 41%. Analysis of protein size in various complexes was performed, and these data showed that loops are formed by APE1 monomer, suggesting that APE1 has two DNA binding sites. The data led us to a model for the interaction of APE1 with DNA and the search for the specific sites. The implication of these new APE1 properties in organizing DNA, by bringing two distant sites together, for facilitating the scanning for damage and coordinating repair and transcription is discussed
Barriers to Education: Limited Accessibility of Study Material Used During Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Fellowship Training
Get PDFPurpose: The American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (AAFPRS) Fellowship Compendium is an extensive bibliography that serves to prepare fellows for their end-of-year board exams. Access to a current version is variable among fellowship programs. If Compendium articles—current and updated—are made directly available to fellows on the Fellows-In-Training AAFPRS website, then easier access to the preparatory exam material could improve their review of the material and their overall education. This study surveyed past AAFPRS fellows to determine the usefulness of hyperlinks to the Compendium bibliography.
Methods: AAFPRS fellows from 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 received a 9-question survey by email inquiring about their access to the Compendium articles, their individual efforts to collect articles, the time taken to search for updated articles, and if any obstacles existed in the process. Participation was voluntary, and survey results were anonymous.
Results: A total of 55 survey responses were collected, with a 50% response rate. Fifty-six percent of fellows reported collecting less than 50 articles, and only 9% collected \u3e200, yet 70% stated they rely on the Compendium for board preparation. Over 40% of fellows spent \u3e60 hours collecting articles, and 26% reported spending \u3e100 hours. There was a statistically significant positive association between hours spent by fellows while collecting articles and the perceived impact on their education if links to all articles were made easily accessible on the Fellows-In- Training website (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07 – 2.28; p=0.02). More than 80% of fellows do not expect to collect all the articles, yet 100% predict a positive impact on their fellowship education if the articles are made easily accessible.
Conclusion: Access to the Compendium articles lacks consistency across the fellowship programs and requires fellows to spend a significant amount of time searching for Compendium references. Responses from this group acknowledge the positive impact of having the Compendium readily accessible via hyperlinks on the fellows\u27 AAFPRS homepage
Comparison of Injuries Sustained on Grass and Artificial Turf by USL1 Men’s Soccer Team. Part 2: Total Athlete Exposure
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Effect of Biallelic TP53 Mutations in Changing the Subclassification of Myelodysplastic Neoplasm
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