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Development of Methodologies for Brightness Temperature Evaluation for the MetOp-SG MWI Radiometer
No full textAlberto Franzoso, OHB-Italia SpA, ItalyDavide Rizzo, OHB-Italia SpA, ItalyTito Lupi, OHB-Italia SpA, ItalySylvain Vey, ESA European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), NetherlandsEmily Tipper, ESA European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), NetherlandsMathias Riede, Airbus Defense and Space - Friedrichshafen, GermanyMichael Gotsmann, Airbus Defense and Space - Friedrichshafen, GermanySebastien Peltier, Airbus Defence and Space - Toulouse, FranceSylvain Arnaud, Airbus Defence and Space - Toulouse, FranceLaurence Peube, Airbus Defence and Space - Toulouse, FranceICES207: Thermal and Environmental Control Engineering
Analysis and SoftwareThe 54th International Conference on Environmental Systems was held in Prague, Czechia, on 13 July 2025 through 17 July 2025.The MicroWave Instrument (MWI) is a conical scanning
radiometer, which shall be embarked on the MetOp Second
Generation satellite. MWI will provide precipitation
monitoring, atmospheric moisture and sea ice extent
information. Conical scanning radiometers are characterized
by a continuous instrument calibration, with the sensors
passing, at every rotation, below two calibration sources:
a cold sky reflector providing 3K reference, and an On
Board Calibration Target (OBCT) which provides an Hot
temperature reference. The OBCT temperature must be known
with high accuracy, and the gradients along its surface
must suppressed to grant the tight performance. However,
gradients are intrinsic to the structure of the OBCT and
driven by the Sun-Shadow induced temperature cycles of its
environment. The minimization of these gradients by design
is a key parameter of the instrument thermal control
system. The development of a Brightness Temperature
computation method, i.e. the computation of the temperature
sensed by the radiometer in the Radio Frequency band, was
therefore a necessary step for the instrument thermal
control optimization. It allowed to allocate the limited
instrument resources in the most efficient way, and to
support the Thermal Control System design. In this paper
the details of the Brightness Temperature (BT) computation
are provided, together with several lessons learned about
the analytical simulations parameters to be adopted in such
a sensitive thermal design. The OBCT temperature maps are
then processed, filtering them with the Feed Horns
Patterns. This results in the BT profiles along the orbit,
with associated errors. The method is then extended to both
High and Low Frequency analysis to assess the influence of
each position of the rotation cycle on the BT. Results are
shown, demonstrating that a passive thermal control meets
the strict performance requirements. An overview of the
verification strategy at OBCT and instrument level is
provided.File replaced 2025-08-2
General Periodical Sources
No full textThe Boyd Carter Papers represent a significant archival collection housed in the Hispanic Studies Collection in Texas Tech University's CMLL building. Dr. Boyd Carter was a distinguished scholar of Latin American literature who was active from the 1940s to his death in 1980. He held professorships at the University of Nebraska, Southern Illinois University, and the University of Missouri before concluding his career at Texas Tech University (1978-1980). Upon joining TTU, Carter donated his extensive archive to the university, including rare books, microfilm collections, bibliographical notes, and periodicals focusing on Latin American literature from 1850-1950, with particular emphasis on the famed Mexican writer Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera
Genome-Wide Association Study for Nodule Traits in Guar
No full textGuar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] is a diploid legume crop cultivated for galactomannan (guar gum) extracted from the endosperm of the seed. Previous studies have suggested that nodulation of guar can be poor in field conditions; however, solid proof has yet to be provided. The objectives of this study were to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with nodules in guar. GWAS was performed on a total of 225 guar genotypes using 19,007 filtered SNPs. Tassel 5 was used to run five models: single marker regression (SMR), generalized mixed linear model with PCA as a covariate (GLM_PCA), generalized mixed linear model with Q matrix as a covariate (GLM_Q), mixed linear model with PCA and Kinship (K) as covariates (GLM_PCA + K), and mixed linear model with Q and K as covariates (MLM_Q + K). Across all statistical models, the results showed a total of 3, 2, 25, 7, 2, and 3 SNPs were associated with plant height, nodule number per plant, fresh nodule weight, dry nodule weight, fresh aboveground plant biomass, and dry aboveground plant biomass. These SNPs could be used as a tool to select for better nodule traits in guar
Towards Application of SMOX Sensors for a Pre-Ignition Fire Detection System
No full textLeah Schynowski, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University
of Tuebingen, GermanyArne Kobald, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University
of Tuebingen, GermanyHaile Solomon, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University
of Tuebingen, GermanyFlorian Meyer, ZARM - University of Bremen, GermanyMalte Schalk, University of Bremen and Leibniz Institute for Materials
Engineering IWT, GermanyLutz Mädler, University of Bremen and Leibniz Institute for Materials
Engineering IWT, GermanyUdo Weimar, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University
of Tuebingen, GermanyNicolae Barsan, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University
of Tuebingen, GermanyICES509: Fire Safety in Spacecraft and Enclosed HabitatsThe 54th International Conference on Environmental Systems was held in Prague, Czechia, on 13 July 2025 through 17 July 2025.Detection of fire hazards prior to ignition would greatly
enhance fire safety, especially in human spaceflight where
evacuation options are very limited and residual products
of smoke and fire suppression are difficult to remove.
Previous work has demonstrated the ability of
semiconducting metal oxide gas sensors to detect the
outgassing of heated polymers (PMMA, PVC, and ePTFE). In
this work, the materials Nomex™, Kapton™, PDMS, and PMMA
were investigated with respect to the onset of the sensor
signal during semi-random incremental heating steps in a
0.8 x 0.8 x 1.6 m glass chamber. The data is further
evaluated using Ridge Regression and the quality of
temperature prediction quantified by different error
metrics. By operating a second sensor in a predefined
modulated operating temperature, the information gain was
greatly increased, improving the prediction and decreasing
the error. To test in a less controlled and therefore more
challenging environment, experiments were conducted in a
second metallic test chamber. The setup introduces laminar
flow and allows the test materials to be heated above their
operating temperatures. It was found that in all tests the
overheating event could be detected within 4-7 minutes
response time. The successful detection of overheating in
both closed mode (with exhaust remaining in the vessel) and
open mode (where ‘fresh’ air is introduced, simulating air
purification by an ideal air scrubber) demonstrates the
overall suitability of the sensor system for the intended
application in spacecraft environments
Micromelodic Analysis
No full textThis document studies the contextualized intervallic make up of melodies, and how they are constructed at a motivic level of three and four notes. Though a Bach chorale and Britten sonnet use very different harmonies and melodic collections at the phrase and larger level, when zooming in to examine three- and four-note windows there are many similarities in their intervallic content. Zoomed-in, or micromelodic, analysis illuminates similarities between melodies by Schubert and Britten while also highlighting Webern’s singular approach to melodic construction. Beyond describing the intervallic characteristics of a melody, micromelodic analysis can illuminate formal demarcations, text painting, and provide more evidence to support some 18th-century voice-leading principles.
Using a computer program to perform micromelodic analyses on three corpora, SATB Bach chorale harmonizations, SATB Palestrina mass movements, and 71 twelve-tone rows by Schoenberg, Webern, and Berg, this document applies set theory to study patterns in the intervallic make up of diverse vocal repertoire. In addition to the corpora analyses, this document also examines BWV 140.7 “Wachet Auf,” Schoenberg’s Op. 48 Drei Lieder, and Britten’s “Sonetto XXXI” closely to explore the capabilities of micromelodic analysis.
Micromelodic analysis provides analysts with a new way to employ set theory to stylistically diverse music that can provide musicians with a deeper understanding of an underexamined element of melodic construction. Along with developing the micromelodic tool, this document aims to provide the framework for a wide variety of future analyses and to kindle excitement about one of the basic building blocks of melodies, the humble interval
Overview of ASI Multi-Purpose Habitation (MPH) Module development and ECLSS Preliminary Concept Design
No full textPaola Parodi, Thales Alenia Space, ItalyLeonardo Ricci, Thales Alenia Space, ItalyJean-Pierre Musso, Thales Alenia Space, ItalySimone Illiano, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, ItalyRaffaele Mugnuolo, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, ItalyICES506: Human Exploration Beyond Low Earth Orbit: Missions
and TechnologiesThe 54th International Conference on Environmental Systems was held in Prague, Czechia, on 13 July 2025 through 17 July 2025.The NASA Moon-to-Mars Architecture strategy plans to build
a sustained lunar presence in the South Pole region of the
Moon, supported by elements developed by multiple
international stakeholders contributing with the Human
Landing System (HLS), the Lunar Terrain Vehicle (LTV), the
Pressurized Rover, the initial Surface Habitation etc. Each
surface element will be mainly designed to accomplish
specific tasks, but with the capability to provide
supplementary functions that will increase the operational
flexibility of the system and enable the achievement of
additional goals and objectives. Within this framework, ASI
is conducting a preliminary design study in cooperation
with NASA for the Multi-Purpose Habitation (MPH) module
concept - with the support of the national industry
represented by Thales Alenia Space Italy - which would
provide crew habitation on the lunar surface and would be
interoperable with logistics systems and other lunar
infrastructures, both surface and orbital. The MPH Program,
that positively passed the NASA Mission Concept Review
(MCR) in September 2024, is the major Italian contribution
to the Artemis Accords. This paper describes the status of
the MPH concept study focusing primarily on its open-loop
Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS), that
is functional to maintain a livable atmosphere for the
crews throughout the habitable volume, provide resources
for Exploration Extra-Vehicular Activity (xEVA) suits as O2
and potable/feed water and limit dust and volatiles/CO2
contamination for equipment and crew
Composition and Nutritional Analysis of Nine Sorghum Cultivars from the Southern High Plains (Sorghum bicolor L.) for Human Consumption
Get PDFThis thesis investigates composition and analysis of sorghum for the human diet, as well as the functionality and benefits of introducing sorghum to the mainstream human diet. The objective of this research was to assess the nutritional composition of sorghum utilized as a replacement for or even consumed alongside other grains in the human diet. A composition analysis was performed to measure the total polyphenolic content (TPC), fiber content, protein and amino acid content, digestible carbohydrates, fats, and gross energy of nine sorghum cultivars grown in the Southern high plains. The polyphenolic content makes sorghum a unique crop, which has a direct negative correlation to the color of the grain itself (r = - 0.6984, p = .000051). This was measured through colorimetric ELISA procedures to find the total phenolic content (TPC) and the use of a colorimeter to determine L*, a* and b* values of 9 sorghum spp. cultivars. Tukey’s test was the statistical analysis used to detect any differences among samples (p < 0.05) via IBM SPSS. A full nutritional summary was created for each sample with analyses including dry matters, protein, lipids, fiber and carbohydrates. Each assay was calculated on a 100 g sample basis and then calculated at the USDA recommended serving size basis of 192 g. DRV’s were calculated in accordance with the RACC value of sorghum (45 g). These findings contribute to the further investigation of sorghum becoming implemented into the human diet as another grain option and proving it as a functional ingredient to substitute for other commonly used grains such as wheat, which contains gluten. This study is important for the celiac community, as the utilization of sorghum in commonly consumed wheat-containing products could provide more options for those with dietary restrictions on products containing gluten. This thesis concludes with recommendations to further research into kafirin proteins present in sorghum and assess the functionality of kafirins in comparison to gluten, and how to create the same stabilization with kafirin as gluten offers
Application of Deep Learning Framework for Early Prediction of Diabetic Retinopathy
Get PDFDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes that affects the eyes, leading to progressive damage to the retina and potential vision loss. Timely intervention and detection are crucial for preventing irreversible damage. With the advancement of technology, deep learning (DL) has emerged as a powerful tool in medical diagnostics, offering a promising solution for the early prediction of DR. This study compares four convolutional neural network architectures, DenseNet201, ResNet50, VGG19, and MobileNetV2, for predicting DR. The evaluation is based on both accuracy and training time data. MobileNetV2 outperforms other models, with a validation accuracy of 78.22%, and ResNet50 has the shortest training time (15.37 s). These findings emphasize the trade-off between model accuracy and computational efficiency, stressing MobileNetV2’s potential applicability for DR prediction due to its balance of high accuracy and a reasonable training time. Performing a 5-fold cross-validation with 100 repetitions, the ensemble of MobileNetV2 and a Graph Convolution Network exhibits a validation accuracy of 82.5%, significantly outperforming MobileNetV2 alone, which shows a 5-fold validation accuracy of 77.4%. This superior performance is further validated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) metric, demonstrating the enhanced capability of the ensemble method in accurately detecting diabetic retinopathy. This suggests its competence in effectively classifying data and highlights its robustness across multiple validation scenarios. Moreover, the proposed clustering approach can find damaged locations in the retina using the developed Isolate Regions of Interest method, which achieves almost a 90% accuracy. These findings are useful for researchers and healthcare practitioners looking to investigate efficient and effective powerful models for predictive analytics to diagnose diabetic retinopathy