E-Journal Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran / E-Jurnal Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran
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Identification of Enteric Bacterial Pathogens in Beverages Sold By Hawkers around Jatinangor, Bandung
Get PDFBackground: Water is essential for life and is considered as a medium for the propagation and dissemination of bacteria. Water-borne disease is one of the problems in Indonesia, therefore, this study was conducted to explore the presence of enteric bacterial pathogens in the beverages sold by hawkers.Methods: A descriptive laboratory method was conducted in September 2015 Beverages were collected from hawkers that were randomly chosen around Jatinangor using sterile containers, and brought to the laboratory within 1 hour. The beverages were incubated on Mueller Hinton Broth, followed by culturing on MacConkey Agar. The organisms were identified using Gram Staining, Kliger Test, Motility-Indole-Urease test and Citrate test.Results: Out of 30 samples collected, 2 of the samples were tested positive for enteric bacterial pathogen Salmonella paratyphi. Furthermore, Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=12), Enterobacterspp (n=10) Alcaligenes faecalis (n=3) and Pseudomonas spp. (n=3) were detected in the samples.Conclusions: The Salmonella paratyphi as enteric bacterial pathogen found in the beverages sold by hawkers has potential to cause water-borne disease. Education to hawkers need to be enhanced
Correlation between Maternal Hemoglobin Level and Birth Weight
Get PDFBackground: Pregnant women are susceptible to have anemia, marked by hemoglobin level <11gr/dL. Maternal hemoglobin levels may influence the nutritional transfer, oxygenation, and uteroplacental circulation of the babies which may affect the infant’s birth weight. This study aimed to explore the correlation between hemoglobin level and birth weight in pregnant women in rural area in Bandung.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August to September 2014, recruiting all pregnant women registered in a hospital in a rural areas Bandung. Hemoglobin level was obtained from the medical records and analyzed to correlate with birth weight (Pearson correlation).Results: In total, there were 95 pregnant women included. The mean of maternal hemoglobin level was 11.6±1.2gr/dL and birth weight was 2.927±398gram. The proportion of maternal anemia and low birth weights were 30.5% and 15.8%, respectively. Pearson correlation test showed r=-0.093 and p=0.369 which was not significant.Conclusions: There was no correlation between maternal hemoglobin level and birth weight. Other factors for low maternal hemoglobin need to be further explored.
Comparison of HbA1c Levels in Patients With TB-DM And TB-non DM
Get PDFTuberculosis (TB) is still a global problem that has not currently been resolved, due to it rapid transmission through droplet nuclei released when TB patients cough, sneeze, or even talking. One of the TB comorbidities is Diabetes Mellitus (DM) that makes it necessary to do HbA1c screening in patients with TB DM and TB non-DM to prevent further disease complications.This was a cross-sectional descriptive analytic study conducted in 2018 on a total sample of 248 TB-DM and TB non-DM patients in Aceh Besar District and Banda Aceh City, Indonesia with 29.8% of the subjects were TB-DM patients and the remaining 70.2% were TB Non-DM patients. The.HbA1c levels in TB patients varied, with the average HbA1c level of 10.738 in people with TB DM and 5.426 in TB non-DM. The HbA1c level in patients with TB DM was two times higher than in TB non-DM patients. Around 21% of TB patients who were not diagnosed with DM by health care workers showed an HbA1c level that was in line with the level in the DM category. Therefore, it is recommended that each TB patient undergoes screening HbA1c in order to prevent TB non-DMpatients from becoming TB DM patients
The Correlation Between Neutrophil-lymphocyte Count Ratio and Procalcitonin in Septic and Septic Shock
No full textSepsis is one of the leading causes of death in patients with infection. Procalcitonin is one of the laboratory parameters that is used to differentiate between thesystemic inflammatory responses caused by pathogens and non-pathogens. Neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) is one of the simple laboratory parameters used. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between NLCR and procalcitonin for sepsis and septic shock patients. A cross-sectional prospective correlational analysis study was perfromed on 36 sepsis and septic shock patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung General Hospital during September 2017–May 2018. Statistical analysis was performed using Rank Spearman’s and Mann Whitney test. Both procalcitonin and NLCR increased in sepsis and septic shock patients. Procalcitonin level was significantly different in sepsis and septic shock groups (p0.05). NLCR was significantly higher in gram positive bacteria patient group (p0.05). Correlation test found a significant positive correlation between SOFA score and procalcitonin (R=0.557 and p0.05). There was no correlation between NLCR and procalcitonin for sepsis and septic shock patients (R=0.122 and p>0.05). Therefore, no correlation was found between NLCR and procalcitonin for sepsis and septic shock patients.Korelasi antara Rasio Hitung Neutrofil-Limfosit dan Prokalsitonin pada Pasien Sepsis dan Syok SepsisSepsis merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbanyak pada pasien infeksi. Pemeriksaan prokalsitonin merupakan salah satu parameter untuk membedakan bahwa respons inflamasi sistemik disebabkan oleh patogen atau non-patogen. Parameter laboratorium lain yang lebih sederhana adalah rasio hitung neutrofil-limfosit (neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio/NLCR). Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui korelasi antara NLCR dan prokalsitonin pada pasien sepsis dan syok sepsis. Penelitian analisis korelasional prospektif ini dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang terhadap 36 pasien sepsis dan syok septik yang dirawat di ICU Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode September 2017–Mei 2018. Analisis statistik menggunakan Uji Rank Spearman dan Mann Whitney. Kadar prokalsitonin dan NLCR meningkat pada pasien sepsis dan syok septik. Kadar prokalsitonin berbeda secara signifikan pada kelompok sepsis dan syok septik (p0,05). NLCR secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada bakteri gram positif daripada bakteri gram negatif (p0,05). Uji korelasi menunjukkan korelasi positif yang signifikan antara skor SOFA dan prokalsitonin (R=0,557; p0,05). Tidak terdapat korelasi antara NLCR dan prokalsitonin pada pasien sepsis dan syok septik (R=0,122; p> 0,05). Simpulan: tidak terdapat korelasi antara NLCR dan prokalsitonin pada pasien sepsis dan syok septik.Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in patients with infection. Procalcitonin is one of the laboratory parameters that is used to differ systemic inflammatory responses due to pathogens or non-pathogens. Neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) is one of the simple laboratory parameters. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between NLCR and procalcitonin for sepsis and septic shock patients. This prospective correlational analysis study was conducted with a cress-sectional of 36 sepsis and septic shock patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Hospital period September 2017–May 2018. Statistical analysis with Rank Spearman’s and Mann Whitney test. Both procalcitonin and NLCR were increased in sepsis and septic shock patients. Procalcitonin level was significantly different in sepsis and septic shock groups (p0,05). NLCR was significantly higher in gram positive bacteria patient group than gram negative bacteria patient group (p0,05). Correlation test found a significant positive correlation between SOFA score with procalcitonin (R=0,557 and p0.05). There was no correlation between NLCR and procalcitonin for sepsis and septic shock patients (R=0,122 and p>0,05). Conclusion of this study was no correlation between NLCR and procalcitonin for sepsis and septic shock patients. Keywords: Neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio, procalcitonin, sepsis, SOFA score Korelasi antara Rasio Hitung Neutrofil-Limfosit dan Prokalsitonin pada Pasien Sepsis dan Syok Sepsis ABSTRAK Sepsis merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbanyak pada pasien infeksi. Pemeriksaan prokalsitonin merupakan salah satu parameter untuk membedakan bahwa respons inflamasi sistemik disebabkan oleh patogen atau nonpatogen. Parameter laboratorium lain yang lebih sederhana adalah rasio hitung neutrofil-limfosit (neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio/NLCR). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui korelasi antara NLCR dan prokalsitonin pada pasien sepsis dan syok sepsis. Penelitiananalisis korelasionalprospektif ini dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang terhadap36 pasien sepsis dan syok septik yang dirawat di ICURumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode September 2017–Mei 2018. Analisis statistik menggunakan Uji Rank Spearman dan Mann Whitney. Kadar prokalsitonin dan NLCRmeningkat pada pasien sepsis dan syok septik. Kadarprokalsitonin berbeda secara signifikan pada kelompok sepsis dan syok septik (p0,05). NLCRsecara signifikan lebih tinggi padabakteri gram positif daripada bakteri gram negatif (p0,05). Uji korelasi menunjukkankorelasi positif yang signifikan antara skor SOFA dengan prokalsitonin (R=0,557 dan p0,05). Tidak terdapatkorelasi antara NLCRdan prokalsitonin padapasien sepsis dan syok septik (R=0,122 dan p> 0,05). Simpulan: tidak terdapatkorelasi antaraNLCRdan prokalsitonin padapasien sepsis dan syok septik Kata kunci: Prokalsitonin, rasio hitung neutrofil-limfosit, sepsis, skor SOF
Knowledge Improvement on Burn Injury Prevention and First Management after One-Day Health Promotion Event
Get PDFBurns causes a significant number of mortality and morbidity globally with a higher number found in developing countries, such as Indonesia. A study conducted in Indonesia discovered that the majority of burns were caused by flame LPG-related (liquefied petroleum gas) burns (33%), which is understandable because LPG is the main cooking fuel used in Indonesian homes. Since the first management of burn will influence the outcome of burn injuries, health promotion efforts to improve knowledge, attitude, and practice to prevent burns and to provide first aid for burn are considered important to reduce burn-related morbidity and mortality. This was a descriptive study conducted in Babakan Sari Sub-district, Antapani, Bandung, Indonesia which involved a one-day community health promotion event as the intervention. The aim of this study was to compare the level of knowledge regarding burn prevention and first management before and after a one-day community health promotion event. As many as 61 respondents were recruited through purposive sampling and these respondents were asked to fill out a pre-event questionnaire consisting of questions regarding demographic data and knowledge on burn prevention and management. Demographic data collected showed that 31% of participants had experienced burns; 100% of participants used 3kg LPG gas tank in their home; 98% of participants had never been taught on how to handle an emergency situation or how to arrange an evacuation route; and 100% of participants felt that their neighborhood did not provide facilities for burn management. A post-event questionnaire was distributed after the one-day health promotion event, which was conducted in October 2018, and the results were compared with the pre-event questionnaire results. A significant improvement of knowledge was seen, as evident from the increase of a median score from 2.0 before the event to 9.0 after the event (p<0.001). In conclusion, despite the fact that all participants of this study used 3kg LPG gas tank, they do not have proper knowledge regarding prevention or management of burns and that a one-day health promotion event can increase this knowledge significantly. Thus, an effective community health promotion program should be implemented at the community level in Indonesia, especially for areas where the majority of residents use 3 kg LPG gas tank, in order to reduce the incidence of burns due to 3 kg LPG tank explosion.Peningkatan Pengetahuan Melalui Penyuluhan Mengenai Pencegahan dan Penanganan Dini pada Luka BakarLuka bakar merupakan sebuah masalah yang menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Mayoritas luka bakar (33%) diakibatkan oleh api dari ledakan tabung gas LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) 3 kg dan mayoritas rumah tangga menggunakannya. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan mengenai pencegahan dan penanganan awal diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat luka bakar. Penelitian deskriptif ini bertujuan membandingkan tingkat pengetahuan tentang pencegahan luka bakar dan manajemen pertama sebelum dan setelah acara promosi kesehatan Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan/Desa Babakan Sari, Antapani, Bandung pada bulan Oktober 2018 untuk mengedukasi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan responden. Dari total 61 responden (45 wanita dan 16 pria) dengan mayoritas responden berusia di atas 60 tahun (45.9%), didapatkan 32.8% responden pernah mengalami luka bakar, 100% responden menggunakan gas LPG 3 kg, 98% peserta tidak pernah mendapatkan penyuluhan mengenai penanganan luka bakar, dan 100% peserta merasa tidak ada fasilitas penanganan kebakaran di wilayah mereka. Pengetahuan responden dinilai sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan penyuluhan dan didapatkan peningkatan secara signifikan dan bermakna (p<0.001). Simpulan, meskipun semua responden yang menggunakan tangki gas LPG 3 kg tidak memiliki pengetahuan yang memadai pencegahan atau pengelolaan luka bakar, penyuluhan ini efektif dapat menurunkan angka kejadian luka bakar
Perbandingan Letak Garis Interkrista Iliaka terhadap Vertebra antara Gravida dan Non Gravida dengan Teknik Pencitraan Ultrasonografi
Get PDFTeknik blokade neuroaksial merupakan teknik anestesi yang sering digunakan untuk memfasilitasi tindakan sectio caesaria. Teknik anestesi ini membutuhkan penanda anatomis yang salah satunya adalah garis interkrista iliaka atau garis Tuffier’s yang didefinisikan sebagai garis bayang horizontal yang menghubungkan bagian superior dari kedua krista iliaka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbandingan letak garis interkrista iliaka terhadap vertebra antara gravida dan nongravida dengan teknik pencitraan ultrasonografi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental pada 30 subjek penelitian yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei–Juli 2018 yang menjalani operasi di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Secara palpasi ditentukan letak perpotongan garis interkrista iliaka dengan prosesus transversum, kemudian dilakukan identifikasi menggunakan ultrasonografi. Analisis statistik yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Uji Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa garis interkrista iliaka pada gravida terletak lebih tinggi, yaitu pada L3-4 jika dibanding dengan nongravida yang terletak pada L4-5 dengan perbedaan signifikan (p˂0,05). Pada gravida bertambah berat badan saat hamil mengakibatkan bertambah body mass index (BMI), pembesaran uterus pada kehamilan akan memengaruhi bentuk tubuh dan kelengkungan tulang belakang (hiperlordosis) sehingga terletak lebih ke arah cefalad. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa letak garis interkrista iliaka pada vertebra gravida lebih tinggi dibanding dengan vertebra nongravida yang diproyeksikan dengan teknik ultrasonografi.Comparison of Intercristal Line Position to the Vertebra between Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women using Ultrasonography Imaging Anesthesia using neuraxial blockade technique can be used to facilitate cesarean sections in pregnant patients. This technique of anesthesia requires an anatomical marker, one of which is the intercristal line or Tuffier’s line, defined as an imaginary horizontal line connecting the superior parts of both iliac crests. This study aims to compare the position of intercristal line to the vertebra in pregnant and non-pregnant women using ultrasonography imaging. This study was an experimental study on 30 research subjects who underwent surgery in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, during the period of May until July 2018. The location of the intersection between the intercristal line and the transversal process was identified using ultrasonography. Data were then analyzed statistically using Mann Whitney test. Results of the study showed that the intercristal line in pregnant women was located higher, on L3-4, when compared to non-pregnant women, on L4-5, and the difference was significant (p<0.05). In pregnant women, the weight increase contributes to an increase in BMI while the enlarging uterus affects body shape and vertebral arch (hyperlordosis), making it more cephalad. Therefore, the location of the intercristal line required for neuraxial blockade on the vertebra of pregnant women is higher compared to non-pregnant women, as projected through ultrasonography.Teknik blokade neuroaksial merupakan teknik anestesi yang sering digunakan untuk memfasilitasi tindakan sectio caesaria. Teknik anestesi ini membutuhkan penanda anatomis yang salah satunya adalah garis interkrista iliaka atau garis Tuffier’s yang didefinisikan sebagai garis bayang horizontal yang menghubungkan bagian superior dari kedua krista iliaka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbandingan letak garis interkrista iliaka terhadap vertebra antara gravida dan non gravida dengan teknik pencitraan ultrasonografi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental pada 30 subjek penelitian yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei–Juli 2018 yang menjalani operasi di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Secara palpasi ditentukan letak perpotongan garis interkrista iliaka dengan prosesus transversum kemudian dilakukan identifikasi menggunakan ultrasonografi. Analisis statistik yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Uji Mann whitney. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa garis interkrista iliaka pada gravida terletak lebih tinggi yaitu pada L3-4 jika dibandingkan dengan non gravida yang terletak pada L4-5 dengan perbedaan signifikan (p˂0,05). Pada gravida bertambahnya berat badan saat hamil mengakibatkan bertambahnya body mass index (BMI), pembesaran uterus pada kehamilan akan mempengaruhi bentuk tubuh dan kelengkungan tulang belakang (hiperlordosis) sehingga terletak lebih ke arah cefalad. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa letak garis interkrista iliaka pada vertebra gravida lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan vertebra non gravida yang diproyeksikan dengan teknik ultrasonografi
Knowledge toward Drugs Resistant Tuberculosis in One of the Highest Burden Drug Resistant Country
Get PDFBackground: Drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is the biggest threat in TB case control worldwide. West Java Province is one of the three provinces with the most DR-TB burden in Indonesia. Knowledge level in DR-TB patients influences the perception, health search effort, and patient compliance towards DR-TB treatment. This study was aimed to identify the knowledge level about DR-TB in DR-TB patients at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive quantitative study used consecutive sampling. In the study 96 patients were included. Primary data were collected through interview with questionnaire towards DR-TB patients at MDR-TB Clinic Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during September-November 2016. The questionnaire contained sociodemographic data and knowledge about DR-TB which consisted of definition, transmission, risk factors, resistance types, symptoms, medication, and prevention of DR-TB. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software for descripitive statistical analysis.Results: The average age of patients was 38 years (SD±11.7) and mostly ranging from 36–45 years old. Male had a higher distribution compared to female (55.2%). Analysis results showed 20% patients had “Adequate” knowledge level, 34.4% of the patients had “Sufficient” knowledge, and 39.6% of the patients had “Poor” knowledge about DR-TB.Conclusions: DR-TB patients at MDR-TB Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung have “poor” knowledge regarding DR-TB.
Correlation between Body Mass Index and Serum Leptin Level in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Get PDFPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine abnormality in reproductive-age women, which is characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. Some evidence suggested that leptin also causes PCOS due to its role in female reproductive system. The physiological function of leptin controls the balance of energy and suppresses the center of appetite. Patients with PCOS maybe underweight, normoweight, overweight, and obese, based on their body mass index (BMI), but obesity is a common clinical situation in PCOS. Obesity occurs when the level of leptin increases but cannot decrease appetite, resulting in leptin resistance. This study aimed to discover the connection between BMI and the level of leptin in patients with PCOS. This was a cross-sectional observational analytic performed in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung between April 25 and July 10, 2018. Subjects included 46 PCOS patients who were diagnosed based on Rotterdam criteria by gynecology obstetricians in the hospital. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine the leptin serum levels. Leptin level increased 74%, mostly in obese patients that comprised 41% of these subjects. Normal leptin levels was seen in 26% of patients, none of them was obese. The Spearman Rank correlation test showed a significant positive correlation between BMI and leptin levels (r=0.644, p=0.000). Hence, a high body mass index in people with PCOS positively correlates with increased leptin level. Korelasi antara Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Kadar Leptin Serum pada Penderita Sindrom Ovarium PolikistikSindrom Ovarium Polikistik (SOPK) merupakan kelainan endokrin pada wanita reproduktif yang ditandai oleh hiperandrogenisme, anovulasi, dan ovarium polikistik. Terdapat beberapa bukti bahwa leptin turut menyebabkan SOPK karena leptin berperan dalam sistem reproduksi wanita. Fungsi fisiologis leptin mengendalikan keseimbangan energi dan menekan pusat nafsu makan. Penderita SOPK dapat memiliki indeks massa tubuh (IMT) underweight, normoweight, overweight dan obese, namun obesitas merupakan gambaran klinis yang umum terjadi pada SOPK. Obesitas terjadi bila peningkatan kadar leptin, namun leptin tidak mampu bekerja menurunkan nafsu makan sehingga terjadi resistensi leptin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan IMT dengan kadar leptin pada penderita SOPK. Penelitian ini berbentuk analitik observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang dan dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) Bandung pada tanggal 25 April–10 Juli 2018. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 46 penderita SOPK yang didiagnosis berdasar atas kriteria Rotterdam oleh klinisi obstetri ginekologi RSHS. Pemeriksaan kadar leptin serum mengunakan metode Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Kadar leptin yang meningkat 74% terbanyak pada IMT obese 41% subjek, dan kadar leptin normal 26% tidak ditemukan pada subjek yang IMT obese. Uji korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan korelasi positif kuat yang bermakna antara IMT dan kadar leptin (r=0,644; p=0,000). Indeks massa tubuh yang tinggi pada penderita SOPK berkorelasi positif dengan peningkatan kadar leptin
Prevalence of Hematotoxic Effect of Intravenous Chemotherapy among Retinoblastoma Population in Tertiary Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia
Get PDFObjective: To observe the prevalence of hematotoxic effect in retinoblastoma patients who were given intravenous chemotherapy with vincristine, etoposide, and carboplatin (VEC) regimen. Retinoblastoma is the second most common cancer in children in Indonesia. Standard chemotherapy agents used in retinoblastoma treatment is VEC given in 7 cycles intravenously. The most common side effect of VEC regimen is hematotoxic effect which might lead to chemotherapy failure.Methods: This study used descriptive method with cross sectional study design. Data were collected from medical records of retinoblastoma patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from 2014 until 2016 using total sampling technique.Results: Forty-six patients were included in this study. Of those subjects, 36 (78.3%) patients experienced hematotoxic effect. The most common hematotoxic effect occurred were anemia and neutropenia, that occurred in 32 (69.6%) and 18 (39.1%) patients, respectively. The most common hematotoxic effect severity occurred were grade 1 anemia, grade 1 leukopenia, grade 1 neutropenia, and grade 3 thrombocytopenia. Percentage of patients experienced anemia tended to increase until the 7th cycle. Seven (15.2%) patients had anemia prior to chemotherapy administration.Conclusion: The majority (78.3%) of the patients experienced hematotoxic effect on intravenous chemotherapy administration with VEC regimen. Anemia was the most common hematotoxic effect occurred.Keywords: Hematotoxic effect, intravenous chemotherapy, retinoblastoma
Serum Calcium Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease Patient Stratified By Body Mass Index
Get PDFBackground: Most of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have low blood calcium levels, yet hypercalcemia has a worse outcome in CKD patients. Interestingly, CKD patients with higher body mass index (BMI) have better outcomes. This study aimed to elucidate the difference in blood calcium levels stratified by BMI categories in patients with CKD.Methods: The study was conducted using a comparative analytical cross-sectional study design. Patients with CKD (n100), aged over 18 years old were included, Patients with the following were excluded: the history of hemodialysis, history of antioxidants, calcium and vitamin D supplement consumption, history of infection and malignancy. BMI of patients was categorized into underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (8.5-22.9 kg/m2), and overweight or obese (≥23 kg/m2). Data were analyzed to compare blood calcium in different categories of BMI (Kruskal-Wallis test). Results: The age of patients with CKD included in this study had median age of 61 years old, predominantly was men (57%). The blood calcium level of CKD patients was on the lower border of the normal range. Median BMI was 23.48 kg/m2, of which 53% was categorized as overweight or obese. There was a trend that overweight/obese patients had higher blood calcium levels than underweight and normal-weight patients, however, no statistically significant difference between the BMI category (p=0.982).Conclusions: The blood calcium level in chronic kidney disease varies across the BMI category, however, no correlation with the BMI