E-Journal Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran / E-Jurnal Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran
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Association Between Parenting Styles, Children’s Nutritional Status, and Quality of Life among Children Ages 8-12 Years
Get PDFNutritional status and parenting styles are two factors that are thought to affect children’s quality of life. This study aimed to assess the relationship between parenting styles, nutritional status, and quality of life of children aged 8-12 years. This cross-sectional observational analytic study used data collected from November 2020 to January 2021 using the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) that were distributed in the form of e-questionnaire . The analysis tests used were the Spearman and logistic regression tests with a level of significance of 0.05. The results of the Spearman test showed that there was no correlation between parenting style and quality of life (p = 0.882) and between the nutritional status and quality of life (p = 0.568). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the variables of parenting (p = 0.437; 95% CI = 0.607–3.174; OR = 1.388) and nutritional status (p = 0.432; 95% CI = 0.504–1.341; OR = 0.822) were not associated with quality of life. Thus, there is no significant relationship between parenting patterns and children's nutritional status on the quality of life of children aged 8-12 years
Laparoscopic Ventral Mesh Fixation in Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Get PDFPelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a condition with a high incidence rate and often creates difficulties in surgical coloproctology and gynecology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of laparoscopic ventral reticular sacrocolporectopexy and sacrorectopexi in women and men with POP, respectively. This study was conducted at the Educational-Surgical Clinic of Azerbaijan Medical University and Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine of Ankara University (2016-2019) on 21 patients with POP (15 women and 6 men). Results of diagnostics and surgical treatment of POP were studied with preferences towards endoscopic, radiation, and functional methods. The surgical methods used in these patients included laparoscopic fixation methods (sacrocolpopexy, sacrocolporectopexy) of protruding organs (uterus, vaginal vault/vaginal cuff, rectum) and simultaneous vaginal (colporrhaphy, colpolevatoroplasty, vaginal plastic surgery) and proctological surgeries (circulatory resection, hemorrhoidectomy, sphincteroplasty). The findings demonstrated that the most progressive POP mostly occurred in women of premenopausal age and during menopause. Based on the results of the long-term evaluation of the surgical treatment (6-12 months), the rates of recurrence of prolapse and complications were low (up to 4.8% and 9.5%, respectively) with favorable long-term functional results, such as a decrease in the degree of fecal incontinence and constipation, observed in the evaluation. Due to the concomitant weakness of the ligamentous apparatus of the pelvic floor in these patients, there is the need for intra-abdominal apical support of organs. In conclusion, that laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy in women and sacrorectopexy in men are reliable surgical method to treat POP. However, specific skills need to be acquired by both gynecologist and coloproctologist to be able to do these laparoscopic surgery techniques
Urinary Epithelial Sodium Channel (EnaC) Level as A Diabetic Marker of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension
Get PDFIncreased prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to the increased of various complications including diabetic nephropathy, which can lead to the end stage renal disease (ESRD). The Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), which is located in distal convoluted tubules, plays an important role in transepithelial sodium reabsorption for electrolyte homeostasis. Diabetes mellitus can cause changes in ENaC function which will interfere with kidney blood pressure control, worsening hypertension, and kidney injury that eventually may trigger diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of urinary ENaC for screening diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with uACR as the gold standard. This was a cross-sectional analytical observational study conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from December 2020 to July 2021. The subjects were 87 patients T2DM with hypertension with the majority of subjects (n=62) had a mean age of 56 years old and were experiencing albuminuria and hyperglycemia with DM for a duration of < 10 years. The poor glycemic control in these patients accelerated the occurrence of kidney damage. Result showed that urine ENaC level had a sensitivity and specificity of 82.3% and 48%, respectively, with 72.4% accuracy. The cut-off point of urine ENaC in this study was 0.98 ng/mL. Hence, urine ENaC level can be used as a test to screen for diabetic nephropathy with 82.3% sensitivity
Antioxidant Activities of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Telang Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) Combination Tea
Get PDFTea is widely consumed for health purposes to prevent and treat various diseases. This paper reports the antioxidant activities of a herbal tea namely jahe (ginger, Zingiber officinale) telang (Clitoria ternatea L.), and the combination namely JaTe (jahe and telang). Each of jahe, telang, and JaTe teas were made of 2g ginger, 5 buds dried telang flower, and the combination respectively. The teas were boiled in 200 mL for 5 minutes. The dried ginger, telang, and JaTe formulation were evaluated for antioxidant activities. Total phenolic content was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu using the gallic acid equivalent (GAE), while total flavonoid content was evaluated by aluminum chloride colorimetric assay using the quercetin equivalent (QE). The antioxidant activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-Azino-Bis-3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) scavenging activities, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in ginger tea with 23.62 μg GAE/100% concentration and 7.22 μg QE/100% concentration, followed by telang tea with 16.20 μg GAE/100% concentration and 4.88 μg QE/100% concentration. Ginger tea has the strongest DPPH scavenging activity with IC₅₀=7.76% followed by telang tea 17.07%. JaTe tea has the strongest ABTS scavenging activity with IC₅₀=1.01% followed by ginger tea with IC₅₀=1.26%. Ginger tea has the strongest H₂O₂ scavenging activity with IC₅₀=13.23% and followed by JaTe tea with IC₅₀=14.66%. JaTe tea has the strongest FRAP activity with IC₅₀=3.59%, followed by ginger tea with IC₅₀=4.94%. Overall, JaTe herbal tea formulation has a strong antioxidant activity
Neurotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos, Carbofuran, and Cypermethrin in Adolescent Rats’ Brain
Get PDFChronic exposure to insecticides, even at low levels, has led to chronic neurotoxicity. Adolescent brain is still undergoing important developments, including in the hippocampus. This study investigated neurotoxicity effects of subacute exposure to chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and cypermethrin in the brain of adolescent rats. This study was performed at the Histology, Biochemistry, and Animal House Laboratory of Jember University from November to December 2021. Subjects were divided into five groups: normal, control, chlorpyrifos, carbofuran, and cypermethrin. Short-term memory was evaluated by Y maze test and tissue damage was evaluated by histological examination. Brain MDA levels were determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance method to evaluate the oxidative stress effect on the organ. This study showed spontaneous alternation in the Y maze test and the number of pyramidal neurons in hippocampus decreased in the cypermethrin group. There was a significant elevation of brain MDA level in carbofuran and cypermethrin groups. Thus, cypermethrin causes more severe neurotoxicity than carbofuran and chlorpyrifos. Improvements in the insecticide application management are urgently needed to prevent neurotoxicity
Reversal Reaction in Leprosy Patients: Study on Prevalence, Sociodemographic Characteristics, and Precipitating Factors at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Heretofore, leprosy remains one of the most stigmatizing diseases with serious social consequences. Patients with leprosy might develop inflammatory reactions that interrupt with stable and chronic disease which are called leprosy reactions. Type 1 leprosy reactions, also known as reversal reactions (RR), are caused by immune responses that initially decreases, then “reverses” to become more intense, leading to considerable disability. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, and precipitating factors of reversal reaction in leprosy patients.Methods: This was a retrospective study with a cross-sectional design, with an approach to collecting data from the medical records of the Leprosy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung West Java, during January 2015–December 2019.Results: The results showed that 53 patients (24.7%) of the total 214 leprosy patients experienced a reversal reaction. The most frequent type of leprosy with reversal reaction was borderline lepromatous (BL) (56.5%). Most of the patients were male (68%), aged between 25–44 years (47.2%), unemployed patients (35.8%), and the last education was senior high school (71.7%). Physical stress was suspected as the most precipitating factor in reversal reaction patients (50.9%).Conclusions: The prevalence of leprosy patients with reversal reaction in a Tertiary Referral Hospital West Java, Indonesia is 24.7%, with various characteristics based on sociodemographic. Physical stress is suspected as the most precipitating factor of RR in leprosy patients. Early diagnosis of reversal reaction is important to prevent nerve damage and disability
Hearing Profile of Children Below Three Years Old at Jatinangor Integrative Health Care Center, West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Hearing function is one of the most important factors affecting children’s development process. The first three years of life is a golden period of growth and development of children. This study was conducted to investigate the hearing profile of children below three years old at Jatinangor Integrative Health Care Center (Pos Pelayanan Terpadu, Posyandu), West Java, Indonesia.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to 86 children below three years old who was selected by using multistage cluster sampling at 12 Posyandu in Jatinangor sub-district by using in-depth interview related to hearing loss risk factors, reaction test, and tympanometry test.Results: The hearing loss prevalence of children below three years old in the Jatinangor sub-district was 7.0%. Of the 86 children, there were 2.3% (n=2) children with moderate conductive hearing loss, 1.2% (n=1) children with moderate sensorineural hearing loss, and 3.5% (n=3) children with very severe sensorineural hearing loss. Fifty percent of children with sensorineural hearing loss were discovered without any risk factor.Conclusions: The prevalence of hearing loss in children under three years old at the Jatinangor Integrative Health Care Center is slightly higher than the national prevalence. Fifty percent of children are found without risk factors, therefore Universal Newborn Hearing Examination (UNHS) needs to be implemented at the national level in accordance with the guidelines of the Joint Committee for Infant Hearing (JCIH) in which are integrated with primary health care units, tertiary health care centers otorhinolaryngology, and also the audiological center
Cognitive Outcome of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients with and without Pneumonia
Get PDFBackground: There are high prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) that may worsen the patients’ outcomes. Pneumonia, as the significant infection complication in stroke patients, may aggravate the decline in the cognitive outcome of patients. This study aimed to explore the cognitive outcomes among patients with or without pneumonia among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective analytical comparative numeric study was conducted from September 2020 to February 2021, using secondary data of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to the Department of Neurology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in the year 2019. A total sampling method was employed. Data on pneumonia in stroke patients was retrieved, consisting of patients with pneumonia and without pneumonia. Data on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores as the measures of cognitive outcomes were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.Results: There were 108 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage included. There was a statistically significant difference (p value 0.049) in MMSE scores with median MMSE score for pneumonia patients (n = 27) and non-pneumonia patients (n = 81) were 25 and 21, respectively.Conclusions: Cognitive outcome is worse in patients with pneumonia than those without pneumonia. Early intervention is needed for intracerebral hemorrhage patients who develop pneumonia as a complication to improve the cognitive outcome
Perbedaan Efektivitas Gabapentin, Deksametason, dan Gabapentin+Deksametason terhadap Angka Kejadian PONV Pascaoperasi Telinga Tengah
Get PDFPost operative nausea vomiting (PONV) merupakan salah satu komplikasi tersering pascaoperatif terutama pada operasi risiko tinggi seperti operasi telinga tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan efektivitas gabapentin, deksametason, dan gabapentin+deksametason dalam mencegah PONV. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan pendekatan double blind randomized control trial pada 30 pasien ASA I dan II yang sudah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan menjalani operasi telinga tengah dengan anestesi umum di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD dr Moewardi Surakarta pada Maret–Mei 2019. Kelompok sampel terbagi dalam 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok deksametason, kelompok gabapentin, dan kelompok gabapentin+deksametason. Pencatatan meliputi skala PONV (0–3) yang dinilai pada jam ke-1, 12, dan 24 pascaoperasi. Analisis statistik yang digunakan untuk uji perbedaan PONV adalah Uji Kruskal. Skala PONV pada jam ke-1, 12, dan 24 antara ketiga kelompok tidak didapatkan perbedaan signifikan (p>0,05). Simpulan, gabapentin, deksametason, dan gabapentin+deksametason tidak memiliki perbedaan efektivitas terhadap angka kejadian PONV pascaoperasi telinga tengah, akan tetapi kombinasi kedua obat tersebut memberikan hasil yang lebih baik.Differences in Effectiveness of Gabapentin, Dexamethasone, and Gabapentin-Dexamethasone on Incidence Rate of PONV Post Middle Ear SurgeryPostoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are among the most common complications after anesthesia, especially after high-risk PONV surgery, such as middle ear surgery. This study aimed to analyze the differences in the effectiveness of gabapentin+dexamethasone in preventing PONV post-middle ear surgery. This study was an experimental study with a double-blind, randomized controlled trial on 30 samples that met the inclusion criteria and was conducted in the Central surgical installation of Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta from March to May 2019. The sample was divided into three groups receiving dexamethasone, gabapentin, or both treatments. Records included the PONV (0–3) scale, graded at 1, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. The statistical analysis used to test for differences in PONV was the Kruskal test. There was no significant difference between the two groups on the PONV scale at 1, 12, and 24 hours (p>0.05). In conclusion, gabapentin, dexamethasone, and gabapentin+dexamethasone have no difference in effectiveness in the PONV incidence post-middle ear surgery. However, the combination of the two drugs gives better results.Post operative nausea vomiting (PONV) merupakan salah satu komplikasi tersering pascaoperatif terutama pada operasi risiko tinggi seperti operasi telinga tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan efektivitas gabapentin, deksametason, dan gabapentin+deksametason dalam mencegah PONV. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan pendekatan double blind randomized control trial pada 30 pasien ASA I dan II yang sudah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan menjalani operasi telinga tengah dengan anestesi umum di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD dr Moewardi Surakarta pada Maret–Mei 2019. Kelompok sampel terbagi dalam 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok deksametason, kelompok gabapentin, dan kelompok gabapentin+deksametason. Pencatatan meliputi skala PONV (0–3) yang dinilai pada jam ke-1, 12, dan 24 pascaoperasi. Analisis statistik yang digunakan untuk uji perbedaan PONV adalah Uji Kruskal. Skala PONV pada jam ke-1, 12, dan 24 antara ketiga kelompok tidak didapatkan perbedaan signifikan (p>0,05). Simpulan, gabapentin, deksametason, dan gabapentin+deksametason tidak memiliki perbedaan efektivitas terhadap angka kejadian PONV pascaoperasi telinga tengah, akan tetapi kombinasi kedua obat tersebut memberikan hasil yang lebih baik.
perbandingan indeks massa tubuh tenaga kesehatan terhadap kedalaman kompresi jantung luar pada manekin
Get PDFResusitasi jantung paru (RJP) merupakan intervensi utama dalam kegawatdaruratan henti jantung. Respons dan kualitas RJP secara signifikan memengaruhi keberhasilan penanganan pasien dengan henti jantung dan merupakan prosedur yang bersifat life-saving. Kualitas kompresi dinding dada pada RJP ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah kedalaman kompresi dinding dada. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbandingan kedalaman dinding dada pada manekin berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) penolong. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Juli–September 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang (cross sectional) komparatif yang dilakukan secara prospektif mengenai hubungan IMT dengan kualitas kompresi jantung luar pada manekin. Subjek penelitian dikelompokkan berdasarkan IMT underweight, normal, dan overweight. Kedalaman kompresi dinding dada saat melakukan RJP dicatat dan dianalisis sesuai dengan kategori kelompok IMT. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji one way ANOVA bila berdistribusi normal dan Uji Kruskal Wallis bila berdistribusi tidak normal, nilai p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan angka kedalaman kompresi dada yang berbanding lurus dengan IMT dilihat dari rerata kedalaman kompresi sebesar 4,83±0,428 cm pada kelompok IMT underweight, 5,64±0,301 cm pada kelompok IMT normal, dan 6,39±0,327 cm pada kelompok IMT overweight (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penolong dengan kategori IMT normal adalah kelompok yang paling sesuai dengan rekomendasi BLS & ACLS oleh AHA. Comparison of Healthcare Worker's Body Mass Index with External Chest Compression Depth on MannequinsCardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the primary intervention in cardiac arrest. The response and quality of CPR significantly contribute to the successful management of patients with cardiac arrest and are life-saving procedures. Several factors determine the quality of chest compression in CPR, one of which is the depth of chest wall compression. This study aimed to compare the chest compression depth on the mannequin based on the helper's body mass index (BMI). This study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from July to September 2020. This study used an analytical observational method with a comparative cross-sectional study design that was carried out prospectively regarding the relationship of BMI to the quality of external cardiac compression on mannequins. Research subjects were grouped based on BMI underweight, normal, and overweight. The depth of chest wall compressions during CPR was recorded and analyzed by the BMI group category. Data analysis using a one-way ANOVA test if the distribution was normal and a Kruskal Wallis test if the distribution was not normal, p-value <0.05 was considered significant. The results showed an increase in chest compression depth, which was directly proportional to BMI as seen from the mean compression depth of 4.83 ± 0.428 cm in the underweight group, 5.64 ± 0.301 cm in the normal group, and 6.39 ± 0.327 cm in the overweight group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, rescuers with the normal BMI category are the most suitable group according to the BLS & ACLS recommendations by the AHA.Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) merupakan intervensi utama dalam kegawat daruratan henti jantung. Respon dan kualitas RJP secara signifikan memengaruhi keberhasilan penanganan pasien dengan henti jantung dan merupakan prosedur yang bersifat life-saving. Kualitas kompresi dinding dada pada RJP ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah kedalaman kompresi dinding dada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kedalaman dinding dada pada manekin berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) penolong. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Juli – September 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang (cross sectional) komparatif yang dilakukan secara prospektif mengenai hubungan IMT terhadap kualitas kompresi jantung luar pada manekin. Subjek penelitian dikelompokan berdasarkan IMT underweight, normal, dan overweight. Kedalaman kompresi dinding dada saat melakukan RJP dicatat dan dianalisis sesuai dengan kategori kelompok IMT. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova bila berdistribusi normal dan uji Kruskal Wallis bila berdistribusi tidak normal, nilai p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan angka kedalaman kompresi dada yang berbanding lurus dengan IMT dilihat dari rata-rata kedalaman kompresi sebesar 4,83±0,428 cm pada kelompok IMT underweight, 5,64±0,301 cm pada kelompok IMT normal dan 6,39±0,327 cm pada kelompok IMT overweight (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penolong dengan kategori IMT normal adalah kelompok yang paling sesuai dengan rekomendasi BLS & ACLS oleh AHA