E-Journal Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran / E-Jurnal Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran
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Correlation Between Anemia, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Low Birth Weight Among Pregnant Women
Full text linkAnemia in pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are global health issues linked to low birth weight. This study explored the correlation between these factors and low birth weight at the General Hospital of Scholoo Keyen, South Sorong, Southwest Papua, Indonesia. A cross-sectional observational analytic study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023, involving pregnant women who gave birth at the General Hospital of Scholoo Keyen. The correlation between risk factors and low birth weight was analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance threshold of p0.05). The incidences of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B were 3.1%, 13.6%, and 7.4%, respectively. A significant association was identified between HIV infection and low birth weight (p=0.000), while no such association was found for syphilis (p=0.160) or hepatitis B infection (p=0.852). In conclusion, HIV infection is associated with low-birth-weight newborns, but there are no apparent relationships between anemia, syphilis, or hepatitis B infection and low-birth-weight newborns, This study implies the importance of nutritional support among pregnant mothers with HIV and delaying pregnancy in HIV-positive women to until their immune system improve
Factors Associated with Psychological Well-Being in Non-Hemorrhagic Post-Stroke Patients
No full textBackground: Stroke is a complex condition that often leads to physical impairment and psychological challenges. Psychological well-being plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life and overall recovery in post-stroke patients. This study aimed to identify factors linked to psychological well-being in non-haemorrhagic post-stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2022, included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of non-hemorrhagic stroke at the K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. After obtaining informed consent, data on demographic characteristics, family welfare status, and psychological well-being were collected. Psychological well-being was assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, and associations between variables were examined using the Spearman correlation test.Results: A total of 80 non-hemorrhagic post-stroke patients participated, with the majority aged over 65 years (53%). Most participants (58.8%) reported strong family support, and had moderate psychological well-being (76%). Both the level of education and the degree of family support were significantly related to psychological well-being (p=0.028).Conclusion: Education level and family support are related to psychological well-being in non-haemorrhagic post-stroke patients. These finding highlight the need for a holistic approach to stroke recovery that includes psychosocial support, therapeutic interventions, and family involvement. Addressing psychological aspects along with physical rehabilitation can improve mental well-being and optimize recovery outcomes
Effectiveness of Red Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum) Hydrogel Extract as a Fever Reducer in Mice (Mus Musculus)
No full textFever is a common physiological response to infection, and its management is crucial to prevent complications such as dehydration and organ damage. While pharmacological treatments like antipyretics are commonly used, there is a growing interest in exploring natural alternatives. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) has shown potentials as a natural antipyretic due to its active compound, gingerol, which inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and reduces inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of red ginger-based hydrogel formulations in managing fever. Male albino mice were used as test subjects, with fever induced via subcutaneous injection of peptone solution. Three concentrations of red ginger extract (3%, 5%, and 10%) in hydrogel form were tested. Temperature changes were recorded at 15-minute intervals for 60 minutes post-treatment. Results showed that the 5% red ginger hydrogel formulation demonstrated the most significant temperature reduction, with an average decrease of 8.2°C when compared to 4.65°C in the 3% formulation and 4.45°C in the 10% formulation. The 5% formulation also displayed optimal physical properties, including viscosity and pH stability, ensuring efficient absorption of the active compounds. The 10% formulation showed reduced effectiveness due to its high viscosity, which impaired absorption. In conclusion, the 5% red ginger hydrogel formulation is the most effective concentration to reduce fever, highlighting its potential as a natural, affordable, and accessible alternative to conventional antipyretic treatments. Future studies should further explore its clinical applications and scalability in diverse healthcare setting
Effect of Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus) Supplementation on Mice (Mus Musculus) Colon
No full textDiet affects the microbial structure of the gut and human metabolic functions. Disruption of nutrient sources that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) will cause atrophy and inflammation of the colonic mucous. Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) increases SCFA production because of its high levels of carbohydrates, protein, and fat content. This experimental study used 50 male mice (Mus musculus) aged 3 months old, weighing 20-30 grams, divided into control group (given standard feed) and treatment group (given mixture of standard feed and striped catfish meat). The mice were given treatment for eight (8) weeks at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia, from May to July 2024 and then sacrificed. Colon biopsies were examined using hematoxylin-eosin staining to determine crypt morphology, number of goblet cells, and number of inflammatory cells at Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin, Indonesia, from July until October 2024. The crypt morphology in the treatment group showed fewer abnormalities (5 out of 25 samples) compared to the control group (11 out of 23 samples) (p=0.041) with a moderate correlation (p=0.295). The number of goblet cells was higher in the treatment group (200.4±54.1) than in the control group (134.5±34.3) (p=0.001) with a strong correlation (p = 0.616). The number of inflammatory cells was lower in the treatment group (9.9±4.4) than in the control group (27.6±7.8) (p=0.001) with a very strong correlation (p=0.838). Thus, striped catfish supplementation reduces morphological abnormalities of the crypts and the number of inflammatory cells, as well as increases the number of goblet cells in the colon of mice
Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Intraocular Pressure in Patients at the Ophthalmology Clinic of Hospital X Jakarta, Indonesia
No full textBackground: Hypertension, a prevalent and often asymptomatic condition, has been associated with various ocular disorders. Ocular hypertension, in particular, is a notable risk factor for glaucoma. Understanding the relationship between systemic blood pressure and intraocular pressure is important for early detection of ocular hypertension and prevention of vision-threatening complications.Objective: To analyze the relationship between blood pressure and intraocular pressure, as well as the association between hypertension and ocular hypertension. Methods: This observational analytical study used secondary data from the medical records of 74 patients at the ophthalmology clinic of Hospital X Jakarta, collected between January and March 2023. The sample was selected using purposive sampling. Results: Hypertension was observed in 30 individuals (41%), including 19 females (26%) and 11 individuals aged 70–79 years (15%). Ocular hypertension was reported in 17 individuals (23%), with ten (10) females (14%) and nine (9) individuals aged 60–69 years (12%). Chi-Square analysis showed a significant relationship between blood pressure and intraocular pressure, with a p-value of 0.004 (p<α=0.05). In addition, Spearman's test showed correlations between systolic blood pressure and intraocular pressure in both the right eye (r=0.395; p=0.001) and the left eye (r=0.290; p=0.012). Additionally, there were correlations between diastolic blood pressure and intraocular pressure in the right eye (r=0.234; p=0.045) and the left eye (r=0.230; p=0.049).Conclusion: The relationship between blood pressure and intraocular pressure is found to be significant in this study, suggesting that higher blood pressure levels are associated with an increased risk of elevated intraocular pressure
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN EARLY WARNING SCORE (EWS) DENGAN KEJADIAN IN HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST (IHCA) : STUDI RETROSPEKTIF DI RS PENDIDIKAN UTAMA
No full textHenti jantung saat masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian di dunia. Kejadian in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) perlu dideteksi sedini mungkin oleh tenaga kesehatan agar dapat segera dilakukan penaganan. Salah satu instrumen yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi perubahan klinis pasien ialah early warning sign (EWS). Nilai EWS yang tinggi dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko terjadinya IHCA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara EWS dan kejadian IHCA di RS Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi retrospektif dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien di RS Islam Sultan Agung Semarang periode Mei–Juli 2023. Sebanyak 110 subjek pada penelitian ini diperoleh melalui metode non probability sampling dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji spearman untuk menilai hubungan dan keeratan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pasien dengan EWS risiko tinggi (skor>7) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian IHCA (p7 berisiko tinggi mengalami IHCA. Henti jantung saat ini masih menjadi penyebab nomer satu kematian di dunia. Kejadian henti jantung yang terjadi di rumah sakit (IHCA) harus dapat dideteksi sedini mungkin oleh tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit sehingga dapat memberikan penanganan sesegera mungkin. Salah satu instrumen yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi perubahan klinis pada pasien ialah early warning sign (EWS). Skor EWS yang semakin tinggi dikaitkan dengan peningkatan kejadian IHCA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara EWS terhadap kejadian IHCA di RS Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien di RS Islam Sultan Agung Semarang periode Mei – Juli 2023. Sebanyak 110 subjek pada penelitian ini diambil menggunakan non probability sampling dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Data penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan uji spearman untuk mengetahui hubungan serta keeratan antar variable. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa pasien dengan EWS resiko tinggi (skor > 7) secara signifikan berhubungan terhadap kejadian IHCA (p 7 beresiko tinggi mengalami IHCA.
Var Gene Encoding Duffy-Binding Like (DBL) 1α- Plasmodium Falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) as Diagnostic Marker and Clinical Predictor Candidates for Falciparum Malaria
Full text linkBackground: The pathogenesis of severe malaria involves the antigenic protein Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1), encoded by the var gene. One of the important domains in PfEMP1 is Duffy Binding Like 1α (DBL1α). To diagnose malaria, microscopic examination has low sensitivity and specificity, therefore, the development of molecular-based methods is needed. This study aimed to determine the potential of DBL1α-PfEMP1 as a diagnostic marker and clinical predictor for falciparum malaria.Methods: An exploratory descriptive study was conducted in 2019 on malaria patients at the Tiakur public health center, Southwest Maluku, Indonesia. Blood samples of patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria were collected on filter paper for DNA isolation. Amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method used primers αAF [5'-GCA CG(A/C) AGT TTT GC-3'] and αBR [5'-GCC CAT TC(G/C) TCG AAC CA-3'] with cycles of denaturation 95oC 1-minute, annealing 42oC 1-minute, elongation 60oC 1-minute. PCR products were electrophoresed using 1% agarose gel. Amplicons were sequenced directly and analyzed using nucleotide BLAST-NCBI. Results: All patients showed mild malaria symptoms. PCR amplification yielded bands of 370 bp in all samples and 600 bp in 8 out of 10 samples, and 1 sample had a different pattern. Sequencing results confirmed that the amplicon was DBL1α, a var gene that had similarities to sequences from other regions.Conclusion: Positive amplification and sequencing results confirm the sensitivity of DBL1α-PfEMP1 as a diagnostic marker. The sequence variability of PCR product implies the presence of DBL1α variations, indicating a correlation with clinical outcomes and making it a clinical predictor
Prostate Specific Antigen Level and Gleason Score in Indonesian Prostate Cancer Patients
Full text linkIn Indonesia, the number of prostate cancer continues to increase and even becomes the most common malignancy in men in 2015. Delayed early detection of prostate cancer is a significant concern. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is found to be elevated in various conditions of prostate tissue damage, including prostate cancer. The extent of tissue damage in prostate cancer, represented by the Gleason score, is suspected to be related to the increase in the PSA level in the bloodstream. To investigate the relationship between the PSA level and Gleason scores in prostate cancer patients, a cross-sectional observational study was conducted. The study population consisted of 83 prostate cancer patients treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from 2017 to 2021. Data collected were analyzed using Spearman correlation test was used with an alpha value of 5%. Results indicated that 37.3% patients had a PSA level above 200 ng/dL, and 25.3% had a PSA level between 10-50 ng/dL. The majority of patients (48.1%) had a Gleason score of 9-10 (ISUP 5), while 24.1% had a score of 8 (ISUP 4). Bivariate analysis showed no significant relationship between the PSA level and Gleason score (p-value=0.445). Further studies are needed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of PSA in diagnosing prostate cancer
Ifosfamide-Induced Encephalopathy in Relapsed Lymphoma: Report of Two Cases
Full text linkObjective: Ifosfamide is a chemotherapeutic drug available for various malignancy, including lymphoma. Ifosfamide has adverse effects including myelosuppression, nephrotoxicity, hemorrhagic cystitis, and neurotoxicity. Encephalopathy is a severe manifestation of neurotoxicity due to ifosfamide, with an incidence of 10–40%. This study aimed to report two cases of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy.Case: This case studies reported two relapsed lymphoma patients with almost similar characteristics who received ifosfamide chemotherapy. The first case of 48-year-old woman with relapsed High-Grade B-cell lymphoma stage IIIBE while the second case of 38-year-old woman with relapsed non-hodgkin lymphoma. The first case showed a good outcome with improvement in consciousness 48 hours after stopping ifosfamide and thiamine, while the second case experienced tumor lysis syndrome, leading to the death of the patient.Conclusion: Mechanism of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy remains unclear, with the hypothesis from the neurotoxic effects of the resultant metabolite chloracetyldehide. Radiology examination of the brain and electroencephalography is required to rule out other differential diagnoses. Early recognition of adverse effects, followed by immediate discontinuation of ifosfamide, administration of therapy, such as methylene blue and/or thiamine, and supportive treatment usually produced good outcomes
Nutrition Education Effect in Increasing Knowledge and Ability to Interpret Nutrition Facts in Adolescents
Full text linkObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education on the understanding and proficiency in interpreting nutrition labels among adolescents aged 16-18 years..Methods: This quantitative study adopted quasi-experimental and control group designs with a pre-test and post-test approach. The sample size included 60 participants, divided into 2 equal groups, receiving education through lecture method and leaflets, respectively. The intertervention was conducted one day in group 1 and group 2, respectively. Sample selection was conducted using a simple random sampling method. Data were collected through a knowledge questionnaire and details on reading ability were obtained using an interpreting ability checklist through pre-tests and post-tests conducted at the same day. The retrieved data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Mann-Whitney U Test (α=0.05).Results: Nutrition education is shown to enhance the understanding (p-value=0,026) and proficiency of students in interpreting nutrition facts (p-value=0,064).Conclusion: Nutrition education had a positive impact on the understanding and skill of adolescents in reading nutrition facts. Thus, developing educational materials that can be readily applied in daily life will help consumers in making more nutritionally informed choices when selecting packaged foods