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A SELF-STUDY OF A SPECIAL EDUCATOR’S TEACHING PRACTICES IN A PRISON SETTING: PROMOTING THE SELF-EFFICACY FOR LITERACY TASKS OF ADULT LEARNERS WHO ARE INCARCERATED
Get PDFFor students and teachers in prison classrooms, success with reading and literacy tasks does not come easily. To teach within the correctional setting, an educator must get used to teaching with tension. These tensions must be balanced for the teacher to continue focus on instruction and to continue proper teaching practices. For students, reading proficiency is necessary for passing the 2014 computer version of the GED test. Passing the GED test is an exit goal of corrections education. The purpose of this qualitative self-study was to explore and describe my teaching practices to better understand how to apply my knowledge of special education and reading instruction to motivate incarcerated adults to develop basic literacy skills and to work toward Adult Basic Education and General Education benchmarks. Data were collected over a three-month span and iteratively explored and analyzed using Creswell’s (2013) data analysis spiral. Findings detail changes to and development of my instructional practices over time, attention while teaching, connections I made, and the role of reflective practice in developing confidence and independence as a professional educator who teaches with tension. Implications for my own practice as well as for students and other professionals in the prison are offered
ISBS 2019 CONFERENCE SPONSORS
Get PDFThe organising committee would like to acknowledge and thank our sponsors:
Gold Sponsors: BTS Bioengineering Ectoscan 3D Kistler Qualisys Noraxon Xsens C-Motion AMTI
Silver Sponsors: Delsys Bertec Motion Analysis Vald Performance Vicon
Other Sponsors: The Motion Monitor OptiTrac
MULTI-PLANAR ANALYSIS OF THE TRADITIONAL BACK SQUAT AND SMITH MACHINE BACK SQUAT
Get PDFThis study evaluated the kinetic differences between the traditional back squat (T-BS) and Smith machine back squat (SM-BS) performed at a variety of loads. Ten subjects were tested in six conditions including the T-BS and SM-BS each performed at 50%, 80%, and 100% of the subject’s five repetition maximum load on a force platform. The analysis of vertical ground reaction forces (GRF) revealed significant main effects for exercise load (p ≤ 0.001) but not for squat condition or the interaction of load and squat condition (p \u3e 0.05). The analysis of sagittal plane GRF revealed significant main effects for exercise load (p ≤ 0.05), squat condition (p ≤ 0.001), and the interaction between load and condition (p ≤ 0.05). The analysis of frontal plane GRF revealed no main effects (p \u3e 0.05). The SM-BS offers the user a resistance stimuli in the sagittal plane against which the exerciser can produce greater sagittal force
JOINT ANGLE ESTIMATION DURING FAST CUTTING MANOEUVRES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Get PDFAthletes’ movement biomechanics are of high interest to predict injury risk. However, using a standard optical measurement set-up with cameras and force plates influences the athlete’s performance. Alternative systems such as commercial IMU systems are still jeopardised by measurement discrepancies in the analysis of joint angles. Therefore, this study aims to estimate hip, knee and ankle joint angles from simulated IMU data during the execution and depart contact of a maximum effort 90° cutting manoeuvre using a feed-forward neural network. Simulated accelerations and angular rates of the feet, shanks, thighs and pelvis as input data. The correlation coefficient between the measured and predicted data indicates strong correlations. Hence, the proposed method can be used to predict motion kinematics during a fast change of direction
MODELLING SCAPULAR BIOMECHANICS TO ENHANCE INTERPRETATION OF KINEMATICS AND PERFORMANCE DATA IN ROWING
Get PDFRowing involves repetitive, high intensity loading on the glenohumeral joint. Shoulder pain is associated with muscle weakness and imbalance, resulting in long-lasting overuse injuries. The goal of this study was to explore three-dimensional shoulder biomechanics during rowing to identify parameters that influence technique. Eleven athletes had their movement recorded by motion capture while using an instrumented ergometer. Kinetics and kinematics drove a computational model which output joint and muscle forces across the shoulder. Results suggest that subtle muscular changes identified by the model can be sensitively mapped to performance variables. When evaluated alongside ergometer-derived power metrics, biomechanics parameters can provide athletes and coaches a fuller picture of performance potential, injury risk, and training program efficacy
LOWER SPINE LOADING AND PELVIC KINEMATICS THROUGHOUT A NEAR-MAXIMAL 10 KM RUN
Get PDFThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on lower back loading and pelvis kinematics in distance running. Kinetic and kinematic data of the whole body was recorded for 13 subjects during a near-maximal 10-km run. Pelvis kinematics were calculated in 3D while moments acting on the lumbar spine were determined by using a full body lumbar spine model in OpenSim. We found significant effects of running distance for pelvis kinematics in the transversal and sagittal plane whereas the lumbar spine moments increased significantly in the frontal and transversal plane. These results support earlier findings suggesting a connection between running and spinal or pelvic overuse injuries. Thus, distance runners should focus on a controlled arm swing and upper body rotation as well as pelvis stabilization
THE EFFECT OF JUMP DIRECTION AND PLANNING ON DROP LANDING MECHANICS IN FEMALE ATHLETES
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to assess differences in landing and jump kinematics during a drop landing task in female athletes. Participants (n=18) with previous athletic experience (i.e., jumping sports) volunteered for the study and performed planned and unplanned jumps in three different directions (left, straight, right). Kinematic and kinetic data were analyzed from initial ground contact and toe off. Preferential weight distribution toward the right side was found during the bilateral drop landing task which was supported by larger peak ground reaction forces (GRFPeak)on the right limb. Jump direction significantly altered total plate time (p\u3c0.05), GRFPeak (p\u3c0.001), mean GRF symmetry (p\u3c 0.01), and knee path distance (p\u3c0.05). Based on these findings, off-center jumps, but not anticipation, altered landing and jumping kinematics in a manner that may relate to knee injury risk
COMPARISON OF VELOCITY-BASED & TRADITIONAL RESISTANCE EXERCISE TRAINING
Get PDFThis study compared the effects of 4 weeks (8 training sessions) of velocity-based resistance exercise (RE) training (VBT) and Traditional RE training (Trad) on maximal muscular strength (1-RM), total load (TL), total RE time (TT) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) across days of training. Thirty-eight individuals (20 females & 18 males) were randomly assigned to VBT or Trad for 1 leg-leg extension RE training study. The VBT completed 3 sets of reps until velocity decreased by 20%; Trad completed 3 sets of 12 repetitions or until failure. TL, TT and RPE were significantly lower across days of training for VBT, while 1-RM increased significantly and similarly for both groups and males and females. These data suggest VBT provokes a similar increase in muscular strength with less TL (work), TT and effort (RPE) during a short-term training study
NEURAL NETWORK METHOD TO PREDICTING STANCE-PHASE GROUND REACTION FORCE IN DISTANCE RUNNERS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to use machine learning (i.e., artificial neural network – ANN), to predict vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) from tibial accelerations in runners with different foot strike patterns and at different running speeds. Thirty-eight healthy runners ran at three different speeds: the pace at which the runner spends most of their training time (LSD), 15% faster than LSD (LSD15), and 30% faster than LSD (LSD30). vGRF and IMU-based accelerations from the tibia were collected during the last 30 seconds at each speed. Tibial accelerations were used to calculate the resultant tibial acceleration (RTA). Time-series stance-phase vGRF and RTA from 34 subjects at all three speeds were used to train the ANN. Trials from two males and two females, who exhibited different foot-strike patterns, were used to test the ANN. The prediction error of the ANN was 102.4 N (1.6 N/kg or 0.16 BW) across the entire stance phase of running. The ability to predict GRF with an ANN and only RTA as input appears to be practical and feasible