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A PRELIMINARY STUDY: EXPLORING THE MUSCULAR CHANGES BETWEEN PARTIAL AND FULL SHOTS DURING THE DOWNSWING IN GOLF UTILISING STATISTICAL PARAMETRIC MAPPING
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) data analysis techniques on golf swing electromyographic (EMG) data and to explore any muscular changes that might occur between full and partial golf shots. Three male golfers completed the testing. The results of the ANOVA suggest that two muscles show a significant decrease in muscle activation between the shot conditions, Right Medial Gastrocnemius (RMG)(p\u3c0.001) and Right Rectus Abdominus (RRA) (p\u3c0.001). The post-hoc analysis suggests that RMG and RRA both decrease activation to perform partial shots. The results suggest that SPM analysis is a useful tool for golf swing research and that specific muscles might show activation changes associated with reducing shot distance
RECONSTRUCTION OF SABRE FENCING HEAD IMPACTS VIA SIMULATION: PILOT STUDY
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to reconstruct sabre fencing head impacts from real video events to examine the protective capabilites of a fencing mask taking into account the velocity of the sabre blade tip and dominant wrist during head contacts. Eighteen videos selected from YouTube were analysed using Peak Motus® motion analysis software. A pneumatic linear impactor was used to simulate sabre fencing head impact events, which included impacts on the front and sides. Each event was replicated 10 times to ensure consistency. The outcome revealed moderate to high reliability across replications. The front location appeared to mitigate more linear impact acceleration than the side during combat. The results provided some information about the behaviour and protective capabilities of a fencing mask during dynamic impacts for future research studies
IS TRUNK NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL DIFFERENT BETWEEN MALES AND FEMALES DURING A CHANGE OF MOVEMENT DIRECTION?
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender and the cutting angle on trunk control and knee joint moments during cutting maneuvers. Male and female athletes performed unanticipated cuttings to 30° and 60°. Gender had no influence on trunk kinematics, muscles activation or knee joint moments. A sharper cutting angle increased trunk flexion (p = 0.02) and decreased trunk rotation away from the new movement direction (p \u3c 0.001). Moreover, knee joint abduction moment was significantly increased (p \u3c 0.001), together with altered trunk muscles co-contractions. In the early phase of the movement, the antagonist external oblique muscle appeared to work eccentrically. This might be useful to maintain the trunk lateral flexion at a certain level prior to initiate the trunk rotation towards the new movement direction
MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND FRONTAL KNEE LOADING DURING A CUTTING MANOEUVRE – A PILOT STUDY
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to compare the knee internal adduction moment during an unanticipated cutting manoeuvre in different phases of the menstrual cycle. Data were collected using a motion capture system integrated with a force platform. The knee internal adduction moment of four young women were compared in menstrual and ovulation phase of the menstrual cycle. The results of this study showed that knee internal adduction moment is higher in the time of ovulation phase and may increase the potential risk for noncontact ACL injury during this phase of the menstrual cycle. These results could affect the development of training schedules for women athletes
The Consequences of Non-Native Species Invasions on the Contemporary and Historic Trophic Ecology of Native Sport Fish in a Lake Michigan Embayment
Get PDFThe widespread establishment of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena spp.) in Lake Michigan has strongly altered energy flow by sequestering nutrients in nearshore benthic habitats. Despite these ecosystem changes, little is known about their influence on resource partitioning in nearshore fish communities. Here we use stable isotope analysis to characterize the contemporary fish community and historic walleye (Sander vitreus) population of Lake Michigan’s Little Bay de Noc. We found species-specific differences in the δ15N and δ13C values for 14 fish species. High degrees of niche overlap between walleye, northern pike (Esox lucius), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) indicating shared use of common prey items including round goby (Neogobius melanostomus)]. As length increased, northern pike and smallmouth bass increased their reliance on nearshore resources, while walleye increased reliance on pelagic resources. Isotope analysis over a 31-year time series coincident with the invasion of dreissenid mussels suggests that alterations in energy dynamics influencing walleye were dictated by varied responses from dominant prey items. Furthermore, sex-specific differences in walleye spawning movements indicated that females make significantly greater movements than males possibly driven by higher energetic and reproductive demands. This study improves our understanding of the Lake Michigan ecosystem by informing how whole-scale shifts drive trends in important sport fish communities
Discourse in the Secondary Math and Science Classroom
No full textNext Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and Common Core State Math Standards (CCSMS) are the newest guidelines that Michigan science and math teachers must follow in their classrooms. These new standards have a focus on classroom discussion, and helping students to understand why math and science concepts work. These new standards create equity between male and female students, and give students the opportunity to conduct discussions among themselves. I created a survey in order to explore how teachers in math and science classrooms in Michigan\u27s central Upper Peninsula perceive NGSS and CCSMS, and how they view equity in their classrooms. In an attempt to see the classrooms from an objective point of view, the teachers who participated in the survey were asked if they would allow a researcher into their classroom to observe concepts of equity. Teachers taking the survey agreed or disagreed about various statements about NGSS and/or CCSMS and about classroom participation. Sixty seven percent of teachers said they somewhat agree they have a complete understanding of NGSS and/or CCSMS, while 23% strongly agreed. When responding to statements about male and female participation, 13% of teachers surveyed said males participate more, while 20% said females participate more in classroom discussion. This research is just the beginning of the research focused on NGSS and CCSMS. Initial research reveals classroom discussions may improve equity in the classroom
AVAILABILITY AND PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAMS, SERVICES, AND APPROACHES TO ADDRESS TRAUMA-RELATED OUTCOMES IN THE UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN
Get PDFTwelve administrators at Michigan Upper Peninsula (U.P.) high schools participated in 12 separate structured interviews to identify programs, services, and approaches to address trauma-related outcomes. Participants were three U.P. superintendents, eight principals, and one Intermediate School District (ISD) social worker who described a convergence of factors affecting assessment measures of programs, services, and approaches to address student trauma-related outcomes in U.P. high schools. The interviews addressed the identification of programs, services, and approaches to address trauma-related outcomes at U.P. high schools and the assessment measures in use to evaluate available programs, services, and approaches. A systems theory approach and understanding of trauma-informed schools were used to ground interpretation of the results. Data analysis was conducted utilizing mixed-methods. Key findings of the research clarified extent of use of program assessment methods to measure trauma-related program effectiveness and quality, identified goal outcomes of trauma-related programs, services, and approaches to include student attendance, wellness, and GPA, and determined perceived extent to which mission statements were inclusive to address student trauma-related programs, services, and approaches in U.P. high schools.
A product of the research included a compilation of programs, services, and approaches in use at U.P. high schools to address trauma-related outcomes in students (see Appendix A)
T. Hanks for Everything
No full textThis thesis is an excerpt of an in-progress, full-length memoir. T. Hanks for Everything celebrates the myriad of ways art molds and shapes who we become and interrogates the nature in which mere appreciation transforms into fandom. The writer reflects on the impact actor Tom Hanks has had on her life through narratives that blend the personal with the biographical, developing both the writer’s and Hanks’ characters side-by-side. The writer uses humor as a mechanism to navigate the world, to deflect pain, and to find healing in the midst of it. This thesis hopes to be a safe place for the reader to do the same. T. Hanks for Everything aims to open up a conversation about the power pop culture has to be a bridge that connects us to one another in a world that is often so divided