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The Illuminated Empty Spaces
No full textThis collection of poetry and flash non-fiction is a full-length hybrid collection that focuses on themes of grief, inheritance, memory, and sexuality. Genetic inheritance, inherited trauma, and the tangible inheritance of physical objects are all explored throughout the work. The project was inspired by the loss of my mother, and my subsequent diagnosis with a BRCA2 mutation. The fractured form was inspired by the gaps in memory that are created as a result of grief. The Illuminated Empty Spaces aims to define the space that grief leaves behind, and ultimately define what that space creates room for
ISBS 2020 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS TITLE AND FOREWARD
Get PDFThe ISBS is an international society totally dedicated to biomechanics in sports, whose primary purposes are: To provide a forum for the exchange of ideas for sports biomechanics researchers, coaches and teachers. To bridge the gap between researchers and practitioners. To gather and disseminate information and materials on biomechanics in sports.
A total of 242 papers were accepted into this year’s proceedings. These papers were not formally presented although members were invited to upload their presentation to the ISBS YouTube channel. There were at least two independent reviewers for each paper. The organising committee thanks all member of the scientific committee and the ISBS members who gave their time to undertake these reviews
FRONTAL PLANE ALIGNMENT DURING FOREHAND AND BACKHAND LAWN BOWLS DELIVERIES
Get PDFThere is very little research on the biomechancis of the lawn bowls delivery. Bowls are commonly delivered using either a forehand or backhand technique. The purpose of this study was to compare the pelvis, trunk and upper limb kinematics of the forehand and backhand lawn bowls delivery. Elite lawn bowlers (n=18) who were competing at international level performed a series of forehand and backhand lawn bowls deliveries on a simulated indoor bowling rink. Differences were found between the delivery types for pelvis and trunk segment angles but there were no differences in upper limb frontal plane joint angles at the shoulder, elbow or wrist. It was concluded that the backhand delivery is executed with a more upright technique, possibly affecting weight transfer during the delivery stride. The similarity in upper limb kinematics suggests coaching drills that focus on the upper limb can benefit deliveries on both the forehand and backhand
THE EFFECT OF MARKER PLACEMENT ERROR ON THE INTERPRETATION OF INTER-LIMB DIFFERENCES IN FRONTAL PLANE KNEE LOADING DURING A CHANGE OF DIRECTION TASK
Get PDFInter-limb differences in frontal plane knee loading have been observed during change of direction tasks following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Objective assessment of these differences may be a useful means of monitoring rehabilitation, but their robustness to methodological sources of error such as marker placement must be established prior to any clinical implementation. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of random marker placement error on the interpretation of inter-limb differences in frontal plane knee loading during a change of direction task. Participants completed three trials of a 90° change of direction task on both limbs. Simulated displacements were applied to the lateral thigh, femoral epicondyle and tibia markers. Inter-limb differences in peak knee abduction moment were calculated in each condition. A 95% confidence interval of ± 0.52 Nm/kg was identified for inter-limb differences in knee abduction moment. Marker placement variability thus limits the ability to identify smaller changes in inter-limb differences over repeated tests
UPPER EXTREMITY KINEMATICS OF AN ELITE SNOOKER PLAYER ON STOP SHOTS
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study was to identify kinematic characteristics of stroking upper extremity during final stroke when an elite snooker player using stop shots and compared them with the description of technical books. Methods: The participant was Stephen Maguire, an elite player and the data was recorded by Qualisys Analysis System. The sucessful stop shots was performed 3 times totally. Results: The hitting moment occurs near the minimum value of the forearm angle, as well as the elbow-shoulder-wrist projecting angle remained stable and was less than -4°. There was little displacement of the shoulder joint and the elbow joint. The Coefficient of Multiple Correlation (CMC) of all three joint movements in an upper limb was greater than 0.95. Conclusion: The elite snooker player might have a stable movement pattern in final stroke and the stop shot is not a pendulum movement theoretically. Elbow joint is in the inner side of shoulder and wrist joint and hitting moment always occurs when the elbow joint is at lowest position
UPPER EXTREMITY MOTION AND SPRINT RUNNING: A FAREWELL TO ARMS?
Get PDFDespite a lack of prior research on the topic, the sport coaching community has popularized the use of arm drills for athletes with the intent to enhance sprinting performance. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of self-restricted arm motion on sprint running velocity. Track & field athletes and team sport athletes (n=15) completed 12 30-meter sprints (six with normal arm motion, six with restricted arm motion) while radar data was collected to quantify running velocity. Using a mono-exponential function, velocity profiles were created for each trial which produced four outcome variables: vmax, amax, τ, and 30-meter sprint time. Differences in group means for all four outcome variables were not substantial between the two experimental conditions. It was concluded that the use of arm motion during maximal effort sprinting does not play a major role in running velocity enhancement
Reliability and comparison of force characteristics of the Nordic hamstring exercise
Get PDFThe purpose of the current study was to ascertain the between-trial reliability of peak force (PF) and mean force (MF) during the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) performed on the Nordbord and determine bilateral differences in PF, MF and instantaneous force (IF). Nineteen strength-trained males performed three NHEs on the Nordbord. PF showed a trivial-small non-significant increase between trials (d = 0.15 – 0.29, p = 0.125 – 0.459), MF was significantly higher in the left limb in trial 3 compared to trial 1 (p = 0.021 d = 0.29). Reliability and variability of PF was moderate-excellent (95%CI ICC = 0.666 – 0.926) and acceptable (CV 10%) across trials. Reliability and variability of PF and MF, between trials 2 and 3 were moderate-excellent (95%CI ICC = 0.627 – 0.950,) and acceptable (CV p = 0.071; d = 0.16), however, significant-small differences (p = 0.005; d = 0.34) were evident in MF. IF was higher for the right limb between 10 and 89% of normalized time across trials 1-3 but was not significant across trials 2-3. There were no significant (p ≥0.05) between limb differences in PF, but significant-small between limb differences in MF (p = 0.005, d = 0.26-0.34). Reliability of Nordbord PF were moderate-excellent; however, MF is influenced by a learning effect. Practitioners should use \u3e3 repetitions of the NHE and disregard the first repetition, while including analysis of MF and IF
ABSENT MUSCLE COORDINATION PATTERNS AND REDUCED FORCE EXERTION IN THE NOVICE OF CLEAN EXERCISE
Get PDFThe clarification of the problems to perform the clean in novice obtains several suggestions for technical guidance. We aimed to identify the control of muscle coordination patterns and related kinetic problems during the clean. Five experienced participants (EXP) and five novices (NOV) performed the clean. The synchronous activation patterns among several muscles were extracted using a decomposition technique. The median number of patterns in NOV (2) was smaller than that of EXP (4). We specified the absent pattern, which was related to the activation of lower limb extensors at the termination of the scoop phase. This might lead to insufficient ankle plantarflexion torque or backward ground reaction forces for pulling the barbell. A practical implication is that a novice needs to pay attention to learning the appropriate activation timing of lower limb extensors for sufficient force exertion
BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FASTBALL THROWN FROM THE WIND-UP AND THE STRETCH
Get PDFThis study assessed the biomechanics associated with the fastball thrown in two conditions. Fifteen men pitched from the wind-up and stretch beginning and landing on force platforms. Doppler radar was used to assess ball velocity. A paired samples t-test was used to determine differences in ball velocity, propulsive and landing phase kinetics, as well as time, distance, and subject velocity from the propulsive to landing phase. The stretch produced 5.55% more horizontal ground reaction force, a higher horizontal to vertical force ratio, 35.05% greater vertical rate of force development (RFD) in the propulsive phase, and 8.85% higher horizontal and 24.65% vertical RFD upon landing (p ≤ 0.05). The wind-up produced 39.49% greater horizontal RFD in the propulsive phase (p ≤ 0.05). These variations of the fastball use different mechanisms to achieve similar (p = 0.77) ball velocities