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Caregivers’ Understanding Of Early Literature Expectations For Firstborn Children Entering Kindergarten
Get PDFThis qualitative phenomenological research was designed to develop an understanding of caregivers’ understanding of early literacy expectations for their firstborn or only child as they begin their kindergarten schooling. This study consisted of seven participants and six interviews with caregivers that enrolled their children in the Archdiocese of Detroit Catholic Schools in Southeast, MI. With the findings of this study, school administrators and researchers alike may be able to find a deeper understanding in efforts to support their families as they begin their educational careers and establish a solid foundation for further growth and development
Sporting Houses, Soiled Doves, and Bad Repute: Houses of Ill Fame in Marquette, 1870-1943
Get PDFWithin the male-dominated economic landscape of Marquette\u27s founding era, many women turned to the illicit business of selling sex to make a living. In the absence of self-created primary sources, court case records and newspaper accounts dating between 1870 and 1943 reveal small pieces of the lives of dozens of such women. Yet while the stories of underground miners and northwoods lumberjacks have been studied in detail, these sex workers have been ignored and forgotten almost entirely; a broader social history, without moral bias, can account for many of the women who worked alongside the men who dominate our historical record. While attempts to eradicate these workers from the community have persisted throughout history, a preliminary review of the available archival evidence suggests the large scale of their impact in the economic, social, and legal development of the region. This article summarizes the most fascinating tidbits from those scattered records, hopefully paving the way for a new, all-encompassing social history of the Marquette area
IMPACTS OF BLOODBORNE PATHOGEN INFECTIONS ON BREEDING ECOLOGY AND SUCCESS IN WHITE-THROATED SPARROWS (Zonotrichia albicollis)
No full textBloodborne pathogens have significant and persistent impacts on avian populations worldwide, including decreased long-term survival and population size. Existing research indicates that chronic pathogen infections may have negative impacts on nesting success, such as decreased numbers of offspring, hatching probability, and fledging success. In species with multiple reproductive strategies, pathogen infections may have different impacts based on the role of the infected parent. White-throated Sparrows are a polymorphic species that mate disassortatively and display alternative reproductive strategies associated with color morph. White-striped birds are more aggressive, more promiscuous, and less parental than their tan- striped counterparts. I examined the reproductive outcomes of a population of White-throated Sparrows and investigated the factors that influenced variation in reproductive success within the population. I specifically focused on the influence of pathogen infection within the population and how infection interacts with the color morph of the infected parent. I found that bloodborne pathogen infection in white-striped, but not tan-striped, parents was associated with decreased nesting success. I also found an apparent association between pathogen infection in both parents and larger and heavier nestlings, which suggests a trade-off between prospective survival and reproductive effort
Computable Model Theory on Loops
Get PDFWe give an introduction to the problem of computable algebras. Specifically, the algebras of loops and groups. We start by defining a loop and group, then give some of their properties. We then give an overview of comptability theory, and apply it to loops and groups. We conclude by showing that a finitely presented residually finite algebra has a solvable word problem
PADDLE MECHANICS DIFFER BETWEEN ON-WATER AND ERGOMETER SPRINT KAYAKING
Get PDFThis study investigated biomechanical differences between on-water and ergometer kayaking using a custom sensor-equipped paddle. Five elite male kayak sprint athletes performed identical kayak-specific incremental paddle protocols ranging from stroke rate (SR) 30-90 strokes/min on a kayak ergometer and their typical training venue. Sensor paddles and GPS units were used to collect paddle kinetics and boat motion, respectively. Large to very large differences were observed for pull time (Tpull) (d = 5.9 ± 0.39), air time (Tair) (d = 3.7 ± 0.27), mean force (Fmean) (d = 1.06 ± 0.19), peak force (Fpeak) (d = 1.92 ± 0.22), impulse (d = 2.62 ± 0.23), and impulse rate (IR) (d = 2.10 ± 0.21) between environments. Mixed-effects models and Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis revealed variable differences across intensity levels. These results reveal substantial dissimilarities of paddle kinematics and kinetics between ergometer and on-water kayaking
PERSPECTIVES AND PRACTICES OF ACCREDITED TENNIS COACHES WHEN DEVELOPING STROKE TECHNIQUE
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to understand current international tennis coaching standards related to the development of specific grip positions in tennis and to explore tennis coaches’ opinions on using physically constraining training tools for effective skill development. Accredited tennis coaches (n = 237) from 33 countries completed an anonymous online survey about their perspectives on the importance of grip positions for effective stroke development, and opinions on using physically constraining training tools for skill development. In the early stages of a player’s technical development, training grip positions was ranked as the second most important aspect of foundational technique. This preliminary research indicates that while it is important for tennis players to develop a variety of grip techniques, the most commonly used are the Semi-Western (forehand), the combination of Continental/Eastern forehand (double-handed backhand), and Continental for the serve. It also demonstrated that 65.2 ± 23.7% of coaches would utilise a physically constraining tool to assist in developing tennis-specific skills. Using this information can guide future evidence-based biomechanical investigations to assess the effects of acute and longitudinal biomechanics of using physically constraining tools for tennis-specific skills
LOWER LIMB KINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SIDE-HOP TEST IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the kinetics of lower limb joints and the side-hop test (SHT) time in healthy individuals and to clarify the factors that may influence performance on the SHT. Twenty male athletes performed the SHT. The SHT time and lower limb joint torque (hip, knee, and ankle) were calculated to explore the relationship between the two variables. The relationship between the SHT time and joint torque was found specifically at the medial and lateral contact phases of the SHT. These results suggest that hip joint function may be important in the medial contact phase. In the knee joint, it was suggested that the load at the frontal plane of the knee joint increases with shorter SHT time. We have provided these results for researchers/clinicians who consider the performance characteristics related to shorter times in the SHT
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A DEEP LEARNING BASED MARKERLESS MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM
Get PDFThis study presented a deep learning based markerless motion capture workflow and evaluated performance against marker-based motion capture during overground running. Multi-view high speed (200 Hz) image data were collected concurrently with marker-based motion capture (ground-truth data) permitting a direct comparison between methods. Lower limb kinematic data for six participants demonstrated high levels of agreement for lower limb joint angles with average RMSE ranging between 2.5° - 4.4° for hip sagittal and frontal plane motion, and 4.2° - 5.2° for knee and ankle motion. These differences generally fall within the known uncertainties of marker-based motion capture, suggesting that our markerless approach could be used for appropriate biomechanics applications. While there is a need for high quality open-access datasets to further facilitate performance improvements, markerless motion capture technology continues to improve; presenting exciting opportunities for biomechanics researchers and practitioners to capture large amounts of high quality, ecologically valid data both in and out of the laboratory setting.qua
EXAMINATION OF AN APPLICABLE RANGE FOR A MARKERLESS MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM IN GAIT ANALYSIS
Get PDFThis study aimed to verify the measurement accuracy of a markerless motion capture system using OpenPose in comparison with the conventional motion capture system using infrared cameras and to discuss an applicable range for the markerless motion capture system. We verified the accuracy of the system by calculating errors in the fundamental parameters of gait analysis. Those errors were 4.42 ± 2.02° in hip angle, 4.26 ± 2.54° in knee angle, and 5.93 ± 4.31° in ankle angle. The verification test revealed that this markerless motion capture system could be readily available, at least in the case of collecting 2D kinematics in the sagittal plane for gait motion
BIOMECHANICAL DIFFERENCES DURING LANDING BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS WITH PROXIMAL AND COMBINED DEVIATIONS DURING LATERAL STEP DOWN
Get PDFWe investigated the 3D biomechanical differences during landing between those who have proximal (PRO) only (frontal pelvis drop down) and combined (COM) proximal and distal (frontal pelvis drop down and medial knee displacement to 2nd toe) deviations during the lateral step down (LSD) test. Sixty-one recreational male athletes were assessed and those who met the criteria for the groups were tested in a 3D biomechanical laboratory (bilateral drop jump, unilateral forward and drop jump). We found higher hip abduction in the COM group during bilateral drop landings. The COM group also showed lower peak ground reaction force, higher impact absorption rate and higher knee frontal angular velocity during unilateral landings. Participants with LSD proximal and combined deviations differ on key kinetics during unilateral drop landings and hip kinematics during bilateral drop landings