Whioce Journals
Not a member yet
342 research outputs found
Sort by
Local SDH transmission network design
No full textWe know that today's society is the information society. The highly developed information society requires thatthe communication network can provide a wide variety of telecommunication services. The amount of informationtransmitted, exchanged and processed through the communication network will increase, which requires the moderncommunication network to be digitalized, integrated, intelligent and personalized. The transmission system is animportant part of the communication network, directly restricting the development of the communication network.One of the most important developments in the world to develop the information superhighway, with one of thekey is to set up a large capacity transmission fiber network, continuously improve the transmission line on thesignal rate, widening the transmission band. It is like expanding capacity to accommodate a large number of traffi cin highways. At the same time the user wants the transmission network to have a worldwide interface standard, toaccess to global village, in where every user can easily communicate anytime and anywhere. Synchronous DigitalHierarchy (SDH) is a comprehensive information transmission network that integrates multiplexing, line transmissionand switching functions and is operated by a unifi ed network management system. It is a synchronous informationtransmission network developed by Bell Communication Technology Research Institute’s optical network (SONET).The International Telegraph and Telephone Advisory Committee (now ITU-T) received the SONET concept in 1988and renamed it SDH, making it a general technology system that applies not only to fiber but also to microwaveand satellite transmission. It is applied for eff ective management of network, real-time service monitoring, dynamicnetwork maintenance, interoperability between different vendors and other functions, greatly improves networkresource utilization, reduce management and maintenance costs, flexible and reliable and efficient networkoperation and maintenance. So it is in the center of attention in world's information fi eld of transmission technologydevelopment and application
Application of Composite Materials in Engine
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the technical and demand problems of the current automotive and aviation engines, andintroduces the applications of carbon fiber reinforced metal matrix composites and resin matrix composites in thepiston and connecting rods of automobile engines. Composite materials and ceramic matrix composites on civilaircraft engines, as well as composite materials and composites in military aerospace engines (solid rocket motors andtranscendental ramjet) applications, and some of the composite materials The application raises key questions andsuggestions
Preparation and Forming Technology of Particle Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites
Get PDFThis paper introduces the performance and preparation technology and forming technology of particle reinforcedaluminum matrix composites. The application status of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites is illustrated,and its development prospect is pointed out
Application of Nanotechnology in Post-treatment of Automobile Tail Gas Nitrogen Oxides
Get PDFNano-catalyst has a very high catalytic activity and has a good prospect in automobile exhaust gas purifi cation. Thispaper summarizes the research status of nano-scale automobile exhaust gas purifi cation catalytic materials in recentyears, focusing on the analysis of the structure and performance of several components in the tail gas catalyst afternano-scale, and discusses its existing problems and application trends
Annual sea level variations off Atlantic Canada from satellite altimetry
Get PDFAnnual cycle of sea level off Atlantic Canada has been investigated based on a merged satellite altimetry dataset and a monthly temperature and salinity dataset. The altimetric results were compared with coastal tide-gauge data and steric height calculated from the temperature and salinity dataset. There was a general north-south variation in the amplitude of the altimetric annual cycle, increasing from 4 cm in the Labrador Sea to 15 cm in the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Current Region. The annual cycle in the deep ocean can approximately be accounted for by the steric height variability relative to 700 m, in which the thermosteric effect was the dominant contributor. The halosteric effect over the continental slope, especially over the northern Labrador Slope was also important. While the thermosteric effect occurred dominantly at the top 100 m water column, there was substantial halosteric variation in the 100–300 m water column. The annual sea level cycle along the Canadian Atlantic coast showed a complicated pattern in amplitude, but the phase was highly coherent with the highest sea level in fall. The steric height accounts for a substantial portion of the coastal annual cycle, but other factors such as wind forcing may be equally important
Role of barrier layer in the developing phase of "Category 6" super typhoon Haiyan
Get PDFWith the remarkable intensity of 170 knots, Typhoon Haiyan starts as a tropical depression on November 3 and develops to the peak as super tropical cyclone (TC) on November 7 in 2013. This intensity makes Haiyan one of the strongest TCs record ever observed and 35 knots higher than the maximum of the existing highest category. Haiyan originated from the eastern part of the Northwest Pacific Warm Pool and moved westward over warm water with a thick barrier layer (BL). The BL reduced the vertical mixing and entrainment caused by Haiyan and prevented the cold thermocline water into the mixed layer (ML). As a result, sea temperature cooling associated with wind stirring was suppressed. Relative high sea surface temperature (SST) kept fueling Haiyan via latent heat flux release, which favored the rapid development of a "Category 6" super typhoon
Design of Mobile Communication Indoor Distribution System
Get PDFWith the development of economy, the improvement of people's living standard has been increasing and theconstruction of buildings is becoming more demanding. These buildings are large in scale and of good quality andhave a strong shielding effect on mobile phone signals. In the middle of the large-scale buildings, undergroundshopping malls, underground parking and other environments, the mobile communication signal is weak hence thephone cannot be used normally and forming a mobile communication blind area and shadow area. In the middlefl oor, due to the surrounding diff erent base station signal overlap, the ping-pong eff ect, frequent switching of mobilephones and even dropped calls are seriously aff ecting the normal use of mobile phones. In the building's higher fl oors,due to the height of the base station antenna, it has abnormal coverage and there is also mobile communication blindspot. In addition, in some buildings, although the phone can answer normal call but the user density, base stationchannel congestion and mobile phone line is diffi cult. In particular, the network coverage, capacity and quality ofmobile communication are the key factors for operators to gain competitive advantage. Network coverage, networkcapacity and network quality fundamentally refl ects the mobile network service level and is the theme of all mobilenetwork optimization work. The indoor coverage system is produced under this background. According to the relevantstatistics in some areas of indoor traffi c in the total traffi c accounted for a higher proportion. Therefore, strengtheningthe indoor coverage is of great signifi cance to improve the quality of mobile communication
Cell therapy for bone fracture repair: A comparative preclinical review of mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow and from adipose tissue
Get PDFOver the last decade, there has been an increasing interest among researchers for human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). Their regenerative properties, multilineage differentiation capacity and immunomodulatory properties make them promising candidates for treatment in various conditions. Emerging biotechnology companies specialized in cellular and regenerative therapies have been focusing their interest on MSC-based therapies, and their use in clinical trials has steadily increased. Notably, MSC are currently tested in clinical trials addressing unmet medical needs in the field of bone fracture repair and more specifically in non-union and delayed union fractures where the bone repair process is impaired. Although MSC can be isolated from various tissues, the most commonly studied sources are bone marrow (BM) and adipose tissue (Ad). In this article, we reviewed the literature directly comparing BM- and Ad-MSC for their in vitro characteristics and in vivo osteogenic potential to determine which source of MSC would be more appropriate for bone fracture repair. As considerable variations in experimental settings between studies were found, our review was based on studies meeting specific sets of criteria, notably regarding donors’ age and gender. This review of side-by-side comparisons suggests that while BM-and Ad-MSC share common general characteristics, BM-MSC have a higher intrinsic osteogenic capacity in vitro and bone repair potential in vivo
A systems approach to enhance clinical research and medicines development
Get PDFThe biopharmaceutical industry has traditionally been the key link between basic biomedical discovery and novel medicines. Today, the industry faces numerous challenges including the broad agreement that the current clinical trial system is inefficient and flawed. Most challenges are worsened by the inability of the stakeholders to work colla-boratively. Over the last decade, many cooperative efforts to transform clinical research have been launched, but a sys-temic solution has not been envisioned. A systems approach, including the application of systems engineering principles, has been used in other sectors and proposed for use in healthcare and medicines development. Clinical research, when looked at in systems terms, can be defined as an open system involving patients, investigators and associated staff, regulators, sponsors and stakeholders interconnected through a series of processes to bring effective and safe medicines into the market. ACRES is a global nonprofit organization with a mission of creating a multi-sector alliance of individuals and institutions collaborating on building a shared global system for clinical research excellence. A fundamental element of the ACRES system includes a global network of high-performing research sites interconnected through a shared information technology platform, with standardized policies and operational procedures and a robust, secure database to support performance, quality and safety. Five core initiatives address the larger mission and are currently ongoing. De-liverables will roll out over 2015–2018. Positive reception to the concept, vision and goals among critical stakeholders, and a steady influx of strategic allies willing to work collaboratively demonstrates the strong pull exerted by the vision of a global system. However, due to the undertakings’ scope and complexity, challenges remain. Recognition that effective shared collaboration is the best long-term option among stakeholders and the general public constitutes a powerful in-centive for ACRES contributors and strategic allies to keep working and make it happen
What makes a good biomarker?
Get PDFThe last decade has seen an extraordinary amount of effort devoted in biomedical research to the field of biomarkers. There have been some notable successes with novel markers being adopted into clinical practice bringing clear clinical benefit to some patients — particularly with the increasing numbers of medicines being approved with companion diagnostics. However, it is fair to say that there has not yet been the numbers of clinically valuable biomarkers brought to medical practice that the research effort would seem to warrant. This paper evaluates examples of successful biomarkers, markers which might be considered partial successes and a few problematic examples and ar-gues that more effort spent in the validation phase of marker development, and less in the discovery phase might be a more efficient way to allocate research resources